Department of State News Letter 1963-02: Iss 22

ee a es

The Diplomacy of 1861-65

N the many tributes paid to the
memory of Abraham Lincoin on
February 12—the Great Emanci-
pator's birthday—few touched upon
one facet of his career: his skill-
ful guidance of U.S, foreign policy

during the tumultuous years of
1861-65,
Beset by troubles at home,

Lincoln also faced grave issues
abroad. Historians credit his tact
and diplomacy with averting
foreign wars and threats of wars.

During his four’ event-filled
years as President he acted upon
many important policies affecting
the Monroe Doctrine, the rights
and duties of neutrals, and efforts
to avert foreign intervention, In at
least one instance, the Trent Affair,
he nipped an open break with Eng-
land after that country issued an
ultimatum, dispatched troops to
Canada, and threatened to end dip-
lomatic relations.

A student of foreign affairs, the
President counseled against hasty
action. His words of patience and
caution prevailed in Cabinet meet-
ings; at times he overrode the
suggestions of his Secretary of
State, William H, Seward. Drafts of
official documents also reveal that
Lincoln at times toned down inflam-
matory words or phrases; he often
relied on humanitarian principles
and on human psychology to achieve
results,

History has proved that Lincoln's
diplomacy paid off. Although the
South counted heavily on England's
quick recognition of Southern inde-
pendence, Lincoln prevented such
an action on the part of the British
Government. Britain gave aid and
comfort to the South—even ac-
corded the Confederacy the rights
of a belligerent—but never actually
sided with the South as a full-
fledged military ally or officially
recognized the Confederate States
of America.

When Lincoln became President
on March 4, 1861 he offered the
key Cabinet post of Secretary of
State to Seward, his defeated rival
for the 1860 Republican presi-
dential nomination, a former Gov-
ernor of New York, and a U.S.
Senator from 1849 to 1861.

Seward was among those who
believed that a foreign war would
bring the South back into the Union.]1
Less than a month after Lincoln
took office, Seward submitted a
memorandum tothe President rec-
ommending stern action against

LINCOLN’S FOREIGN POLICY

Spain and France.

After the Dominican Republic
asked for ''re-annexation"' to Spain,
Spain reoccupied the country and
incorporated it into the Spanish
Empire in May 1861. Seward
warned Spain of her violation of
the Monroe Doctrine, but the note
was ignoréd.

In France, Napoleon III per-
mitted ships to be constructed for
the Confederacy. Furthermore, he
violated the Monroe Doctrine by
assisting in placing Archduke Max-
milian of Austria on the throne of
Mexico, and ignored Washington's
protests,

Although the North was too oc-
cupied with the Civil War to take
action against France, the Lincoln
Administration opposed Napoleon's
venture and waited for a suitable
time to apply pressure,

In his memorandum of April 1,
1861 to the President, Seward
urged Lincoln to demand expla-
nations from Spain and ~-France,
"And,"' said his memorandun, "if
satisfactory explanations are not
received from Spain and France,
would convene Congress and de-
clare war against them,"

President Lincoln, however,
firmly but tactfully turned down
Seward's suggestion for war. Sec-
retary Seward, nevertheless,
handled with skill the delicate re-
lations of the United States with
foreign nations during the Civil
War. In 1867 he negotiated and
signed the treaty with Russia for
the cession of Alaska to the United
States.

For the key post as Minister
to England Lincoln appointed, at
Seward's suggestion, Charles
Francis Adams, sonof John Quincy
Adams, who thus became the third
generation of his family to repre-
sent the United States in Great
Britain.

In August 1861 President Jef-
ferson Davis of the Confederate
States appointed James M. Mason
as a Special Commissioner to
England, and John Slidell as a
Special Commissioner to France,
Mason and Slidell went to Havana
and then boarded a British ship,
Trent, for Southampton, England.

The U.S. man-of-war San Jacinto
overhauled the Trent and her Cap-
tain, Charles Wilkes, demanded the
surrender of Mason, Slidell, and
their two secretaries, Although the
British captain protested vigor-
ously, Wilkes' men ''captured" the

Confederate commissioners and
took them to the San Jacinto,
Wilkes then brought them to Bos-
ton, where they were imprisoned,
and he was hailed as a patriotic
hero.

Stirred by this action, England
protested to the U.S, Government
and dispatched thousands of troops
to Canada. If the American Gov-
ernment did not make a satisfac-
tory reply within 7 days, the British
Government warned, the British
Minister was to break off diplo-
matic relations with the United
States and return to London,

After prolonged debate _ the
Lincoln Cabinet tactfully decided
to release Mason and Slidell and
permit them to go to England. Se-
ward's note said that the Captain
had acted ''upon his. own sugges-
tions of duty, without any direc-
tion or instruction...on the part of
this government,'"' and expressed
gratification that Great Britain
was now supporting the principles
for which the United States fought
in 1812. The Trent controversy
gradually died down.

Another major issue facing Lin-
coln was Britain's attitude toward
the South. For example, Britain
permitted cruisers intended for the
Confederacy to be constructed in
British shipyards. In 1862 the
Florida, Alabama, and Shenandoah
began to prey upon the merchant
shipping of the North. When
Minister Adams protested vigor-
ously Britain took measures to en-
force her neutrality.

When the tragedy at Ford's
Theatre ended Lincoln's life his
foreign policy had served the Union
well. Foreign wars with England,
Spain and France had been avoided,

England had long before removed
her troops from Canada; Spain
withdrew from the Dominican Re-
public after a revolt of the island-
ers in 1865, and at the close of
the Civil War, Lincoln's Secretary
of State firmly insisted on the with-
drawal of French troops from
Mexico.

Faced with the possibility of
war with the victorious Union,
which now had more than 900,000
men under arms, and with his own
mounting troubles at home, Na-
poleon III reluctantly withdrew in
1867—-and Maxmilian's puppet em-
pire collapsed.

1. J. G. Nicolay and John Hay, “‘Abraham
Lincoln: A History,”’ Vol. Ill, p. 446.

February 1963

The Department of State News
Letter is published monthly by the
Bureau of Administration to acquaint
the Department’s officers and em-
ployees, at home and abroad, with
developments of interest which may
affect operations or personnel.

The deadline for submitting mate-
rial for publication is the 23rd of each
month,

Contributions from the field may be
submitted by an Operations Memoran-
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In the Department, contributions
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The Department of State News
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available to the general public
through the Superintendent of Docu-
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The domestic subscription rate
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EDITORIAL STAFF

Gerson H. Lush
Associate Editor Paul W. Ramsey
Staff Assistant Barnett B. Lester
Staff Assistant Richard Mintz
Staff Assistant M. Joyce McDonald

COPS S SES ESSE ESSE SHS SHS ESS SESS OOOOH ESES OES SHOSHHE HEHEHE SSOHH SESH HOHHSSESHHHHESHHEHSHHHHHHSHHEHHSHESHHOHHSESESOHESEEEOS

IN THIS ISSUE

e Foreign Affairs Academy Bill Sent to Hill.........
@ The President's Message to Congress..........00+
@ Jackson Subcommittee Plans New Hearings ......

State Reacts to Herter Recommendations ..........

President Asks $373 Million for State...........++++

Bell Calls for Frugality in Aid..............ssesceeeee

A Breakthrough in Data Processing ...........00++
The Department's First Electronic Computer ..... 14
Resurgent Vigor Marks Post Administration....... 18
The New Advisers on International Business..... 21
A Word to Commercial Officers.........sssscssssssees 22
The Latin American Committee .......s:ssesssseeseee 24
The Department’s New Cuban Office................ 25
eS ot eee ee, ee

lations and Procedures, 50; Bureau Notes,
51; Obituaries, 61; Personnel, 62.

THE COVER-Maurice Eysenburg’s
a cover reminds us that
ebruary is the birth month of
two great Americans whose figures
loom ever larger in the lengthening
perspective of history.

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + + F

QUICK FOLLOW-UP

Foreign Affairs Academy
Legislation in Mill

EGISLATION proposing estab-

lishment of a new National
Academy of Foreign Affairs was
transmitted to the Congress on
February 11.

A Presidential letter accom-
panied the bill drawn by an inter-
departmental committee under the
direction of William H. Orrick, Jr.,
Deputy Under Secretary for Ad-
ministration.

The bill was based on the re-
commendations of a Presidential
Advisory Committee headed by
James A. Perkins, Vice President
of the Carnegie Corporation. The
Perkins Committee had strongly
recommended the establishment of
a new institution "for advanced
training, education and research
with respect to U.S. foreign affairs
in general and modernizing coun-
tries in particular."

In a report to the President on
December 17, the Perkins Com-
mittee urged development of a Na-
tional Academy of Foreign Affairs
“with an autonomous charter,
operating at the highest level of
government and aiming for a level
of quality equal to that of our best
universities.

S OMEWHAT similar conclusions
were reached a few weeks earlier
by the Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs Personnel, headed byformer
Secretary of State Christian A.
Herter.

Upon receipt of the Perkins re-
port (see January News Letter)
the President strongly endorsed the
basic idea and asked Secretary
Rusk to take the leadin formulating
the necessary legislation.

With the submission of the Ad-
ministration measure to Congress
it is anticipated that a Citizens'
Advisory Committee, chaired by
Dr. Perkins, will be formed to
give support to its enactment.

Mr. Orrick personally heads
the interdepartmental committee
which includes representatives of
AID, USIA, CIA, the Departments
of Defense, Agriculture, Com-
merce and Labor, andthe Bureau of
the Budget and the White House.

The Deputy Under Secretary for
Administration recalled Jack A.
Herfurt, Counselor for Adminis-
tration at Amembassy Rome, to

2

Washington on a temporary detail
to serve as the Project Director
in the preparation of the legislation
and related ‘details. Nicholas H.
Zumas, a Special Assistant to Mr.
Orrick, was assigned as Deputy
Project Director.

Mr. Herfurt had the assistance of

a small staff which included Rogers
Birnie Horgan, William T. Nunley,
Margaret Cooper, Jack Beni,
James D. Hurd, Natalie Boiseau,
Helen B. Holman and Frances
Hudson.

The Perkins panel suggested that
the proposed National Academy
"concentrate on interdepartmental
programs and leave purely depart-
mental concerns to the individual
agencies.'' In the panel's view the
Academy would absorb most of the
functions of the present Foreign
Service Institute.

Since the opening of the 88th Con-
gress on January 9 a number of
bills dealing with government for-
eign affairs schools have been in-
troduced in both the House and the
Senate.

Legislative Roundup

The following bills were introduced and re-
ferred to appropriate House and Senate Com-
mittees between January 9 and January 22.

Employment Age: H. Res. 16
(Beckworth), a bill to authorize the
Committee on Post Office and Civil
Service to conduct an investigation
and study to which employment in
the Federal Government is denied
to individuals because of age—
House Rules Committee.

Appropriations: H.R. 542 (Mul-
ter), a bill to provide for the pur-
pose of disapproval by the Presi-
dent each provision of an appro-
priation bill shall be considered a
separate bill—House Judiciary
Committee.

H,. J. Res. 114 (Curtin), a bill
proposing an amendment to the
Constitution of the United States
empowering the Congress to au-
thorize the President to approve
and disapprove separate items or
provisions in appropriation bills—
House Judiciary Committee.

Classification: H.R. 429 andH.R.
1159 (Wallhauser), a bill to amend
the Classification Act of 1949 to au-
thorize the establishment of
hazardous duty pay incertain cases
—House Post Office and Civil Serv-
ice Committee.

H.R. 725 (Multer), a bill to
amend the Classification Act of
1949, as amended, so as to au-
thorize longevity step increases
for officers and employees in
grades above grade 15 of the
general schedule—House Post Of-
fice and Civil Service Committee.

H.R. 1040 (Byrne), a bill to ex-
tend the application of the Classi-
fication Act of 1949 to certain
positions in, and employees of, the
executive branch of the Govern-

ment—House Post Office and Civil
Service Committee.

Compensation: H.R. 270 (Bald-
win), a bill to provide that the
rates of compensation of officers
and employees subject to the
Classification Act of 1949 shall
hereafter be fixed and adjusted by
wage boards on the basis of pre-
vailing rates and practices—House
Post Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

H.R. 1148 (St. George), a bill to
adjust the compensation of officers
and employees of the United States,
and for other purposes—House Post
Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

H.R. 1616 (Gubser), a bill to pro-
vide for the establishment of rates
of compensation for positions inthe
Federal Government in appropriate
relationship to prevailing rates for
similar positions, and for other
purposes—House Post Office and
Civil Service Committee.

Court Proceedings: H.R. 1039
(Byrne), a bill to provide that no
officer or employee of the United
States or any agency thereof shall
be charged with loss of salary or
compensation or with loss of an-
nual leave with pay for any time
taken which has required his or
attendance uponcourt proceedings,
including travel time to and from,
whether in State, territorial, or
Federal courts, and whether said
officer or employee is a party
plantiff, a party defendent, or a
witness, and whether or not the
Government of the District of

Columbia is a party~House Judi-
ciary Committee.
Decorations and Awards: S,. 150

(see ROUNDUP, page 44)

Department of State News Letter

BEYOND OUR BORDERS

The President Sees Steady Progress
In Building a World Order

Following are excerpts from the President’s
State of the Union Message delivered before
a joint session of the Senate and House of
Representatives on January 14. These ex-
cerpts are confined mainly to that part of
the address concerned with foreign affairs.

ITTLE more than a hundred

weeks ago I assumed the office
of President of the United States.
In seeking the help of the Con-
gress and my countrymen, I pledged
no easy answers, I pledged—and
asked—only toil and dedication.
These the Congress and the people
have given in good measure, And
today, having witnessed in recent
months a heightened respect for
our national purpose and power,
having seen the courageous calm of
a united people in a perilous hour,
and having observed a steady im-
provement in the opportunities and
well-being of our citizens, I can
report to you that the state of this
old but youthful Union is good,

In the world beyond our borders,
steady progress has been made in
building a world of order. The
people of West Berlin remain free
and secure, A settlement, though
still precarious, has been reached
in Laos. The spearpoint of ag-
gression has been blunted in South
Viet-Nam. The end of agony may
be in sight in the Congo, The doc-
trine of troika is dead, And, while
danger continues, a deadly threat
has been removed from Cuba,

At home, the recession is behind
us. Well over a million more men
and women are working today than
were working 2 years ago. The
average factory workweek is once

again more than 40 hours; our
industries are turning out more
goods than ever before; and more
than half of the manufacturing ca-
pacity that lay silent and wasted
100 weeks ago is humming with
activity.

In short, both at home and
abroad, there may now be a temp-
tation to relax. For the road has

February 1963

been long, the burden heavy, and
the pace consistently urgent,

But we cannot be satisfied to
rest here. This is the side of the
hill, not the top. The mere ab-
sence of war is not peace, The
mere absence of recession is not
growth, We have made a beginning
-but we have only begun,

Now the time has come to make
the most of our gains—to trans-
late the renewal of our national
strength into the achievement of
our national. purpose,

* * *

Torninc to the world outside,
it was only a few years ago—in
southeast Asia, Africa, Eastern
Europe, Latin America, even in
outer space—that communism
sought to convey the image of a
unified, confident, and expanding
empire, closing in on a sluggish
America and a free world in dis-
array. But few people would hold
to that picture today.

In these past months, we have
reaffirmed the scientific and mili-
tary superiority of freedom, We
have doubled our efforts in space,
to assure us of being first in the
future, We have undertaken the
most farereaching defense im-
provements in the peacetime his-
tory of this country, And we have
maintained the frontiers of free-
dom from Viet-Nam to West Berlin.

But complacency or selfecon-
gratulation can imperil our se-
curity as much as the weapons
of our adversary. A moment of
pause is not a promise of peace,
Dangerous problems remain from
Cuba to the South China Sea, The
world's prognosis prescribes not
a year's vacation, but a year of
obligation and opportunity.

Four special avenues of oppor-
tunity stand out: The Atlantic al-
liance, the developing nations, the
new Sino-Soviet difficulties, and
the search for worldwide peace.

First, how fares the grand al-
liance? Free Europe is entering
into a new phase of its long and
brilliant history. The era of
colonial expansion has passed; the
era of national rivalries is fading;
and a new era of interdependence

and unity is taking shape. Defying
the old prophecies of Marx, con-
senting to what no conqueror could
ever compel, the free nations of
Europe are moving toward a unity
of purpose and power and policy
in every sphere of activity.

For 17 years this movement has
had our consistent support, both
political and economic, Far from
resenting the new Europe, we re-
gard her as a welcome partner,
not a rival. For the road to world
peace and freedom is still very
long, and there are burdens which
only full partners can share—in
supporting the common defense,

=

oa

in expanding worldtrade, inalining
our balance of payments, in aiding
the emergent nations, in concert-
ing political and economic policies,
and in welcoming to our common
effort other industrialized nations,
notably Japan, whose remarkable
economic and political development
of the 1950's permits it now to
play on the world scene a major
constructive role.

No doubt differences of opinion
will continue to get more attention
than agreements on action, as
Europe moves from independence
to more formal interdependence,
But these are honest differences
among honorable associatesmore
real and frequent, in fact, among
our West European Allies than
between them and the United States,
For the unity of freedom has never
relied on uniformity of opinion,
fortunately. But the basic agree-
ment of this alliance on funda-
mental issues continues,

The first task of the alliance
remains the common defense, Last
month Prime Minister Macmillan
and I laid plans for a new stage
in our long cooperative effort, one
which aims to assist in the wider
task of framing a common nu-
clear defense for the whole al-
liance.

The Nassau agreement recog-
nizes that the security of the West

3

is indivisible, and so must be our
defense, But it also recognizes that
this is an alliance of proud and
sovereign nations, and works best
when we do not forget it. It recog-
nizes further that the nuclear de-
fense of the West is not a matter
for the present nuclear powers
alone, that France will be sucha
power in the future, and that ways
must be found without increasing
the hazards of nuclear diffusion,
to increase the role of our other
partners in planning, manning, and
directing a truly multilateral nu-
clear force within an increasingly
intimate NATO alliance. Finally,
the Nassau agreement recognizes
that nuclear defense is not enough,
that the agreed NATO levels of
conventional strength must be met,
and that the NATO alliance cannot
afford to be in a position of having
to answer every threat with nu-
clear weapons or nothing,

W: remain too near the Nassau
decisions, and too far from their
final realization, to know their final
place in history. But I believe
that, for the first time, the door
is open for the nuclear defense of
the alliance to become a source of
confidence, instead of a cause of
contention,

The next most pressing con-
cern of the alliance is our com-
mon economic goals of trade and
growth, This Nation continues to
be concerned about its balance-
of-payments deficit, which, despite
its decline, remains a stubborn
and troublesome problem, We be-
lieve, moreover, that closer eco-
nomic ties among all free nations
are essential to prosperity and
peace. And neither we nor the mem-
bers of the Common Market are
so affluent that we can long afford
to shelter high cost farms or fac-
tories from the winds of foreign
competition, or to restrict the
channels of trade with other na-

If the

of the free world,
Common Market should now move
toward protectionism and restric-

tions

tionism, it would undermine its
own basic principles, This Gov-
ernment means to use the au-
thority conferred on it last year
by the Congress to encourage trade
expansion on both sides of the At-
lantic and around the world.
Second, what of the developing

... The issue in the world struggle is . . . coercion versus free choice . . .

and nonalined nations? They were
shocked by the Soviets' sudden and
secret attempt to transform Cuba
into a nuclear striking base, and
by Communist China's arrogant
invasion of India. They have been
reassured by our prompt assiste

ance to India, by our support
through the United Nations of the
Congo's unification, by our patient
search for ‘disarmament, and by
the improvement in our treatment
of citizens and visitors whose skins
do not happen to be white. And as
the older colonialism recedes, and
the neocolonialism of the Commu-
nist Powers stands out more
starkly than ever, they realize
more clearly that the issue in the
world struggle is not communism
versus capitalism, but coercion
versus free choice,

They realize that the longing for
independence is the same the world
over, whether it is the independence
of West Berlinor Viet-Nam. They
realize that such independence runs
athwart all Communist ambitions
but is in keeping with our- own—
and that our approach to their needs
is resilient and resourceful, while
the Communists rely on ancient
doctrines and old dogmas.

Nevertheless it is hard for any
nation to focus on an external or
subversive threat to its independ-
ence when its energies are drained
in daily combat with the forces of

poverty and despair, It makes little
sense for us to assail, inspeeches
and resolutions, the horrors of
communism, to spend $50 billiona
year to prevent its military
advance, and then to begrudge
spending, largely on American
products, less than one-tenth of
that amount to help other nations
strengthen their independence and
cure the social chaos in which
communism always has thrived,

I AM proud—and I think most
Americans are proudof a mutual
defense and assistance program,

-

SS

evolved with bipartisan support in
three administrations, which has,
with all of its recognized problems,
contributed to the fact that not a
single one of the nearly 50 U.N,
members to gain independence
since the Second World War has
succumbed to Communist control,

I am proud of a program and
of a country that has helpedtoarm
and feed and clothe millions of
people on the frontlines of free-
dom,

I am especially proud that this
country has put forward for the
1960's a vast cooperative effort to
achieve economic growth and social

The Hard Realities of U.S.
Relations with Europe

Following is the opening statement read
by President Kennedy at his press con-
ference on January 24:

T would be well to remind all con-

cerned of the hard and fast realities
of this Nation's relationship with Europe
--realities of danger, power and purpose,
which are too deeply rooted in history and
necessity to be either obscured or altered
in the long run by personal or even na-
tional differences. The reality of danger
is thet all free men and nations live
under the constant threat of the Commu-
nist advance. Although presently in some
disarray, the Communist apparatus con-
trols more than 1 billion people, and it
daily confronts Europe and the United States
with hundreds of missiles, scores of
divisions and the purposes of domination.

The reality of power is that the re-
sources essential to defense against this
danger are concentrated overwhelmingly
in the nations of the Atlantic Alliance.

In unity this alliance has ample strength
to hold back the expansion of Communism
until such time as it loses its force and
momentum. Acting alone, neither the
United States nor Europe could be certain
of success and survival. The reality of
purpose, therefore, is that that which
Serves to unite us is right, and what tends to
divide us is wrong. The people and Gov-
ernment of the United States over the

three past Administrations have built

their policy on these realities. The same
policy has been followed by the people
and governments of Europe. If we are to
be worthy of our historic trust, we must
continue on both sides of the Atlantic to
work together in trust.

Department of State News Letter

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:

... We stand ready to help them build new bulwarks of freedom . . .

progress throughout the Americas
=the Alliance for Progress,

I do not underestimate the dif-
ficulties that we face in this mu-
tual effort among our close neigh-
bors, but the free states of this
hemisphere, working in close col-
laboration, have begun to make
this Alliance a reality. Today it
is feeding one out of every four
schooleage children in _ Latin
America an extra food ration from

our farm surplus, It has distri-
buted 1,5 million schoolbooks and
is building 17,000 classrooms, It
has helped resettle tens of thou-
sands of farm families on land
they can call their own, It is
stimulating our good neighbors
to more self-help and reform—
fiscal, social, institutional, and
land reforms, It is bringing hous-
ing and hope and health to mil-
lions who were previously for-
gotten. The men and women ofthis
hemisphere know that the Alliance
would not succeed if it were only
another name for U.S, handouts—
that it can succeed only as the Latin
American nations themselves de-
vote their best effort to fulfilling
its goals.

The story is the same in Afri-
ca, in the Middle East, in Asia.
Wherever nations are willing to
help themselves, we stand ready
to help them build new bulwarks
of freedom. We are not purchas-
ing votes for the cold war; we
have gone to the aid of imperiled
nations, neutrals and allies alike,
What we do ask—and all that we
ask isethat our help be used to
the best advantage, and that their
own efforts not be diverted by
needless quarrels with other in-
dependent nations,

Despite all its past achieve-
ments, the continued progress of
the mutual assistance program
requires a persistent discontent
with present progress. We have
been reorganizing this program
to make it a more effective and
efficient instrument, and that pro-
cess will continue this year.

B UT free world development will
still be an uphill struggle. Govern-
mental aid can only supplement
the role of private investment,
trade expansion, and commodity
Stabilization, and, above all, ine
ternal self-improvement, The pro-

February 1963

cesses of growth are gradual—
bearing fruit in a decade, not ina
day. Our successes will neither
be quick nor dramatic. Butifthese
programs were ever to be ended,
our failures in a dozen countries
would be sudden and would becer-
tain.

Neither money nor technicalas-
sistance, however, can be our only
weapon against poverty. Inthe end,
the crucial effort is one of pur-
pose, requiring not only the fuel
of finance but the torch of idealism,
And nothing carries the spirit of
American idealism and expresses
our hopes. better and more
effectively to the far corners of
the earth than the Peace Corps.

A year ago, less than 900 Peace
Corps volunteers were on the job,
A year from now they will number
more than 9,000—men and women,
aged 18 to 79, willing to give 2
years of their lives to helping peo-
ple in other lands.

There are, in fact, nearly 1 mil-
lion Americans serving their
country and the cause of freedom
in oversea posts, arecordno other
people can match. Surely those of
us who stay at home shouldbe glad
to help indirectly—by supporting
our aid programs; by opening our
doors to foreign visitors and dip-
lomats and _ students; and by
proving, day by day, by deed as
well as by word, that we are a just
and generous people.

Tump, what comfort can we take
from the increasing strains and
tensions within the Communist
bloc? Here hope must be tempered
with caution. For the Soviet-Chi-
nese disagreement is over means,
not ends. A dispute over how to
bury the West is no grounds for
Western rejoicing.

Nevertheless, while a strain is
not a fracture, it is clear that the
forces of diversity are at workin-
side the Communist camp, despite
all the iron disciplines of regi-
mentation and all the iron dogma-
tisms of ideology. Marx is proven
wrong once again: for it is the
closed Communist societies, not
the free and open societies, which
carry within themselves the seeds
of internal disintegration,

This disarray of the Commu-
nist empire has been heightened
by two other formidable forces.
One is the historic force of na-
tionalism and the yearning of all
men to be free. The other is the
gross inefficiency of their econo-
mies, For a closed society is not
open to ideas of progress, and a

police state finds it cannot com-
mand the grain to grow.

New nations asked to choose be-
tween two competing systems need
only compare conditions in East
and West Germany, Eastern and
Western Europe, North and South
Viet-Nam. They need only compare
the disillusionment of Communist
Cuba with the promise of a hemi-
sphere Alliance for Progress. And
all the world knows that no suc-
cessful system builds a wall to
keep its people in and freedom
out, and that the wall of shame
dividing Berlin is a symbol of
Communist failure,

Fatty, what can we do to
move from the present pause to-
ward enduring peace ? AgainI would
counsel caution, I foresee no spec-
tacular reversal in Communist
methods or goals. But if all these
trends and developments can per-
suade the Soviet Union to walk the

=_

:

=

A

path of peace, then let her know
that all free nations will join with
her. But until that choice is made,
and until the world can develop
a reliable system of international
security, the free peoples have no
choice but to keeptheir arms near,

This country, therefore, con-
tinues to require the best defense
in the world=a defense which is
suited to the sixties, This means,
unfortunately, a rising defense
budget—for there is no substitute
for adequate defense, and no"'bar-
gain basement" way of achieving it.
It means the expenditure of more
than $15 billion this year on nuclear
weapons systems alone, a sum
which is about equal to the come
bined defense budgets of our Euro-
pean allies,

But it also means improved air
and missile defenses, improved
civil defense, a strengthened anti-
guerrilla capacity and, of prime
importance, more powerful and
flexible nonnuclear forces, For
threats of massive retaliation may
not deter piecemeal aggression—
and a line of destroyers ina quaran-
tine, or a division of well-equipped
men on a border, may be more
useful to our real security than the
multiplication of awesome weapons
beyond all rational need,

But our commitment to national
safety is not a commitment to exe
pand our Military Establishment
indefinitely. We do not dismiss

5

Now the winds of change appear to be blowing more strongly than ever

disarmament as an idle dream,
For we believe that, in the end, it
is the only way of assuring the se-
curity of all without impairing the
interests of any. Nor do we mis-
take honorable negotiation for ap-
peasement, While we shall never
weary in the defense of freedom,
neither shall we abandon the pur-
suit of peace.

In this quest the United Nations
requires our full and continued
support. Its value in serving the
cause of peace has been shown
anew in its role in the West New
Guinea settlement, in its use as a
forum for the Cuban crisis, and in
its task of unification inthe Congo,
Today the United Nations is pri-

Ko hg =~
[aa

——

marily the protector of the small
and the weak, and a safety valve
for the strong. Tomorrow it can
form the framework for a world
of law--a world in which no nation
dictates the destiny of another,
and in which the vast resources now
devoted to destructive means will
serve constructive ends,

In short, let our adversaries
choose, If they choose peaceful
competition, they shall have it, If
they come to realize that their
ambitions cannot succeed—if they
see that their ''wars of liberation''
and subversion will ultimately fail;
if they recognize that there is more

OPENING MEETING--Convening of the oral examining panels of the
Board of Examiners for the Foreign Service took place last month.
Some of the members of the panels are shown above. Seated, left to
right, are: Kenneth Holbert, Labor; Frederick D. Leatherman,
State; William W. Walker, Director, Office of Personnel, and Alter-
nate Member of the Board; Sydney L. Mellen, State; Paul Nagle,

6

security in accepting inspection
than in permitting new nations to
master the black arts of nuclear
weapons and war; and if they are
willing to turn their energies, as
we are, tothe great unfinished tasks
of our own peoples—then, surely,
the areas of agreement can be
very wide indeed: a clear under-
standing about Berlin, stability in
southeast Asia, an end to nuclear
testing, new checks on surprise or
accidental attack, and, ultimately,
general and complete disarma-
ment.

For we seek not the worldwide
victory of one nation or system
but a worldwide victory ot men,
The modern globe is too small,
its weapons too destructive—they
multiply too fastandits disorders
too contagious to permit any other
kind of victory.

To achieve this end the United
States will continue to spend a
greater portion of its national
production than any other people
in the free world, For 15 years
no other free nation has demanded

so much of itself, Through hot
wars and cold, through recession
and prosperity, through the ages
of the atom and outer space, the
American people have neither fal-
tered nor has their faith flagged.
If at times our actions seem to
make life difficult for others, it is

Public Meml er.
Comm erce;

Standing,

only because history has made life
difficult for us all.

But difficult days need not be
dark, I think these are proud and
memorable days in the cause of
peace and freedom. We are proud,
for example, of Maj. Rudolf An-
derson who gave his life over the
island of Cuba. We salute Sp. James
Allen Johnson who died on the
border of South Korea. We pay
honor to Sgt. Gerald Pendell who
was killed in Viet-Nam. They are
among the many who in this cen-
tury, far from home, have died
for our country, Our task now,
and the task of all Americans, is
to live up to their commitments,

My friends, I close on a note
of hope. We are not lulled by
the momentary calm of the sea or
the somewhat clearer skies above,
We know the turbulence that lies
below, and the storms beyond the
horizon this year. Now the winds
of change appear to be blowing
more strongly than ever, in the
world of communism as well as
our own, For 175 years we have
sailed with those winds at our
back, and with the tides of human
freedom in our favor. We steer
our ship with hope as Thomas
Jefferson said, "leaving fear
astern,"

Today we still welcome those
winds of change--and we have every
reason to believe that our tide is
running strong. With thanks to
Almighty God for seeing us through
a perilous passage, we ask His
help anew in guiding the good ship
Union,

left to right, are:
Roy T. Davis, Jr., State; C. A. R. Lindquist, Public
Member; Albert Harkness, USIA; G. Harold Keatley, Donald Gilpat-
ric and Wilbur Williams, all of Commerce; George Reed, AID, and
Willard O. Brown, Acting Executive Director of the Board of Examiners.
Oral examinations will be conducted in 18 cities of the United States.

Herbert Cummings,

Department of State News Letter

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*
1

Senate Subcommittee Sets Stage

For New Hearings Relating to

Complexities of National Security

HE Senate Subcommittee on

National Security Staffing and
Operations last month released a
report that sets the stage for re-
newed Congressional hearings on
the problems of national security
administration.

Chaired by Senator Henry M.
Jackson (D. Wash.), the Subcom-
mittee will examine the ''new com-
plexities of national security that
make the task of a President more
difficult today than ever before."
The subcommittee is not inquiring
into the substance of policy but
with the problem of ''getting good
people into key foreign and defense
posts and enabling them to do a
job."

The subcommittee, set up last
May, is a successor to Senator
Jackson's Subcommittee on Na-
tional Security Policy which, two
years ago, began its study of how
well the Government was organized
to develop, coordinate and execute
foreign and defense policy.

Unlike its predecessor, which
concentrated its study on "policy
making at the summit level,'' the
new subcommittee indicated that
policy making at the grass roots
level of the country mission will
be more closely examined.

The hearings, planned for this
Congressional session, will bring
to the Subcommittee top-level
policy-makers in Washington, am-
bassadors and military command-
ers from the field and experts out-
side government.

The continuing Presidential di-
lemma of ''whom to listen to and
how much before he moves" and the
coordinating role of the Secretary
of State will immediately concern
the group, the report noted.

In presenting the basic issues
under study, the report indicates
that the problems ofthe diplomatic
mission will not be overlooked by
a lofty view of policy making. The
role of the ambassador and the
country team will be explored and
a review will be made of the mis-
sions' staffing and planning and
reporting functions. For consider-
ation too, will be a new concept
of a single defense attache as
military adviser in the mission
to be ''designated by the Depart-
ment of Defense, with suchassist-

February 1963

ance as necessary from the three
services,"

Fundamental to the problems of
the mission is the report's view
that: ''Too much time is spent in
Washington on matters that could
be left to the mission; thus double-
teaming talent when there is not

Secretary Rusk—pausing

briefly in directing the
affairs of state—was pre-
sented with a Boy Scout
Statuette and Scout Emblem
by 8-year-old Cub Scout
Henry D, HornIlIlina special
ceremony in the Department
on January 23,

The statuette was in-
scribed "Top V,I.P. 1963."
The presentation was part
of the celebration of the
53rd anniversary of the Boy
Scouts of America, which
was founded in Washington
on February 8, 1910,

Secretary Rusk was a Boy
Scout for two years in the

enough talent to go around. This
tendency shows itself in the habit
of Washington and the field to
‘live on the cables'~to keep each
other busy debating points on which
it might have been better to let
the mission act by itself under

its general instructions . What
seems to be called for is more
respect in Washington for the judg-
ment of ambassadors and more re-
straint in second-guessing them."
Serving with Senator Jackson
on the Subcommittee are Sena-
tors Hubert H. Humphrey (D.,
Minn.), Edmund S. Muskie (D.,
Me.), Karl E. Mundt (R., S. Dak.)
and Jacob Javits (R., N.Y.). The
report was submitted to the Sub-
committee's parent Committee on
Government Operations.

early 1920's and at one time
was the Atlanta Council's
knot-tying champion,

Cub Scout Horn is amem-
ber of Pack 166, sponsored
by the Glencarlyn Parent
Teachers Association in Ar-
lington, Va.

The pinning ceremony, a
goodwill gesture, was the
kickoff for "Operation
V.I.P"' in which 500 Scouts
of the National Capital Area
Council asked top Govern-
ment and community lead-
ers to wear the Boy Scout
Emblem as part of the local
observance of Scout Week,
February 7-13.

FOR A BETTER PERSONNEL PROGRAM

State Moves to Act on
Herter Recommendations

HE Department is moving

rapidly to act on recommenda-
tions made in December by the
(Herter) Committee on Foreign Af-
fairs Personnel.

Two key proposals, (1) for a
single foreign affairs personnel
system in the Department and (2)
for establishment, with AID and
USIA, of a ''compatible family of
services,'' were deemed of special
importance.

At Secretary Rusk's request,
William H. Orrick, Jr., Deputy
Under Secretary for Administra-
tion, has assumed responsibility
for action on the Herter recom-
mendations.

To assist him in this task, Mr.
Orrick has appointed an inter-
agency Executive Committee on
the Herter Report. The Committee
will deal with all facets of the Re-
port except the recommendations
(see News Letter for December)
for creation of a Foreign Affairs
College and establishment of the
post of Executive Under Secretary.
These two proposals will be handled
separately.

Mr. Orrick is serving as chair-
man of the Executive Committee
which is already functioning. Other
members are John W. Macy, Jr.,
Chairman, Civil Service Commis-
sion; Frank M. Coffin, Deputy Ad-
ministrator, Agency for Interna-

tional Development; Donald M.
Wilson, Deputy Director, United
States Information Agency, and

Kenneth R. Hansen, Assistant Di-
rector, Bureau of the Budget. Her-
man Pollack, Deputy Assistant Sec-
retary for Personnel, will serve
as Executive Secretary of the Com-
mittee.

Orner departments and agen-
cies with international concerns,
such as Agriculture, Commerce,
and Labor, will be invited from
time to time to the meetings ofthe
Executive Committee to present
their views of matters of con-
cern to them.

Bernard Rosen, Deputy Director
of Personnel, will assist Mr. Pol-
lack in carrying out the Depar.
ment's responsiblities for in-
ternal action and inter-agency
negotiations. He invited employees
of the Department to send their
views.

An inter-agency Steering Com-
mittee, chaired by Mr. Pollack,
will carry out the decisions of the
Executive Committee and coordi-
nate the activities of five inter-
agency Task Forces which are to
do the staff work.

In addition, State, AID, and USIA
will establish work groups on Her-
ter recommendations which affect
them uniquely. Their work will be
coordinated with the total effort
through the Steering Committee.

In addition to Mr. Pollack, mem-
bers of the Steering Committee are
Roy Crawley, Director of Person-
nel, Administration, AID; Ben Pos-
ner, Acting Assistant Director (Ad-
ministration), USIA; O. Glenn Stahl,
Director, Bureau of Programs and
Standards, U.S, CivilService Com-
mission, and Irving Lewis, Deputy
Chief, International Division,
Bureau of the Budget.

Executive Secretary of this Com-
mittee is Mrs. Elinor P. Reams,
Chief, Program Planning and Man-
agement Staff, Department of State.

Tue five inter-agency task forces
are expected to finish their work
no later than June 1. Members of
these groups are:

1. Task Force on Legislation.

The News Letter story (Jan-
uary issue) concerning the U.S.
Consul General in Guayaquil,
Ecuador, who passed the hat
and sold old auto tires to raise
funds for establishing a school
at the edge of the jungle in that
country was picked up by the
Associated Press on January 18
for national distribution.

Time Magazine also ex-
pressed interest in the story,
interviewing FSO WardP. Allen,
who was the Consul General con-
cerned.

Mr. Allen, now Director of
the Office of Inter-American
Regional Political Affairs, re-
ports an immediate response
from three states—Ohio, Flori-
da, and New York—asa result of

New Aid for School in the Jungle

Chairman is Warde Cameron of
State. Other members include
Richard Kearney and William E,
Woodyear, also of State, and Edna
Boorady, AID; Eugene Shora, USIA,
and Edward Strait, Bureau of the
Budget.

2. Task Force on Personnel
Systems.

Members are Arthur Jones of
State, Chairman; Dayton Hull and
Susan Whitman, also of State; F.E,
Ratterman and Arnold Sukrow, both
of AID; Lionel Mosley and Ervin
Dehn, USIA, and Herbert Jasper,
Bureau of the Budget.

3. Task Force on Personnel
Operations.

Committee members are
William Krieg of State, Chairman;
Thomas Recknagel, Donald Leidel
and Clifford Hailey, all of State;
Dawson Hales and Harold Nelson,
AID; Allen Carter, Patrick Coldict
and Edward Deckard, USIA; Ken-
neth McDaniel, Agriculture; Rob-
ert Merchant and James Taylor,
Labor, and Herbert J. Cummings,
Commerce.

4. Task Force on Recruitment.

This committee will be chaired
by Lionel Mosley, USIA. Other
members are John Scott and Rob-
ert Mello, Civil Service Commis-
sion; James McDevitt and Mel-
bourne Spector, State; L. Eugene
Wolf and Lewis White, AID, and
Ralph Hilton and Joseph Kitchin,
USIA,

5. Task Force on Personnel Re-
search.

The membership: Dr. Albert P.
Maslow of the Civil Service Com-
mission, Chairman; Barry Casper,
AID; Regis Walther, State, and
Lawrence Epperson, USIA.

the AP story. Letters expressed
interest and a desire to help in
his one-man aid project in Ecua-
dor.

Mr. Allen will decide how best
to coordinate offers of aid for
the school after a study of all
mail received on the subject.
He is in agreement with the
Ecuadorean Ambassador in
Washington that any further aid
to the school should be on a
people-to-people basis in the
best interest of promoting U.S.-
Ecuadorean friendship.

The original interview with
Mr. Allen was conducted by the
Office of Media Services,
Bureau of Public Affairs, for
the use of newspapers and TV
and radio stations in his native
state of Michigan.

Department of State News Letter

'

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FISCAL YEAR 1964

President Sends Budget to Hill;
$373 Million Included for State

TATE Department appropria-

tions totaling $373,785,000 for
Fiscal Year 1964 were included in
the budget submitted to Congress
on January 17 by President Ken-
nedy.

The amount is approximately
$47,000,000 more than the De-
partment's availability Fiscal Year
1963 expenditures, exclusive of the
special one time $100,000,000 ap-
propriation for the purchase of
United Nations Bonds. The
Bureau of the Budget analysis of
new obligational authority and ex-
penditures, which includes the bond
purchase figure, reflects a reduc-
tion of almost $53,000,000.

Hearings on the Department's
budget are tentatively scheduledto
begin March 4 before the House
Appropriations Subcommittee on
the Departments of State, Justice,
and Commerce, the Judiciary and
Related Agencies. The committee
is headed by Representative John
J. Rooney (D., N.Y.).

The Fiscal Year 1964 budget
request submitted by the President
includes an appropriation of $162,-
800,000 for Salaries and Expenses,
an increase of $21,590,000 over
the previous year excluding sup-
plementals. Major increases are
attributed to new posts, expanded
intelligence and export promotion
activities, improved training pro-
grams, and non-salary expenses
to increase the effectiveness of
personnel.

Other items, as listed by the
Bureau of the Budget, include:

Representation Allowances,
$996,000, an increase of $46,000
to cover new posts and spiraling
costs.

Acquisition, operation and main-~
tenance of buildings abroad, $27,-
000,000, an increase of $17,-
900,000, mainly for resumption of
construction and acquisition of a
portion of needed buildings and
housing, especially in Africa. This
appropriation will hinge on au-
thorizing legislation which was

recently submitted to Congress.

Acquisition, operation and main-
tenance of buildings abroad (special
foreign currency program), $3,-
900,000, an increase of $1,695,000.

Emergencies in the diplomatic
and consular service, $1,600,000,

February 1963

an increase of $100,000.
International organizations and

conferences, $87,231,000. Exclud-
ing the loan to the United Nations,
the net increase of more than
$12,000,000 is chiefly for contri-
butions to the United Nations and
its specialized agencies; the Or-
ganization of American States, the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
and the Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development.

International Commissions,
$13,679 900, a reduction of $2,312,-
000.

Educational Exchange, $62,506,-
000, an increase of $11,823,000,
principally for exchange-of-per-
sons activities in the Far East,
Latin America and Africa.

Migration and Refugee Assist-
ance, $11,800,000, a decrease of
$3,147,000 resulting from 18-
month support for international or-
ganizations from 1963 funds.

The President, in his budget
message, noted that, ''we shall
maintain pressure on each depart-
ment and agency to improve its
productivity and efficiency.
Through improved management
techniques, installation of modern
equipment, and better coordination
of agency programs, important
productivity gains have already
been realized, andfurther advances
will be forthcoming. I mean to in-
sure that in each of the various
Federal programs, objectives are
achieved at the lowest possible
cost."

* OK

In his budget for Fiscal Year
1964, President Kennedy announced
that he will propose moderate pay
increases above the levels sche-
duled to go into effect for salaried
employees next January and higher
pay for Federal executives.

The recommendations for pay
adjustment stem from the salary
reform law enacted last year,
which established the policy that
Federal salaries should be reason-
ably comparable to pay for like
work in the private sector.

While that law did not reflect
full comparability in upper grades
or adjust pay of top executives,
the Congressional report on the
legislation urged the President to

Surveys Lead to

Probable Closing of
Some Consular Posts

The Department intends to
close some U.S. consular
posts as a result of manage-
ment surveys undertaken by
Regional Bureaus and cen-
tral administrative offices
during the last two years at
the direction of Secretary
Rusk.

The shifting of trade and
travel patterns, the develop-
ment of fresh operational
techniques (such as the new
mail order visa system) and
modern transportation and
communications facili-
ties were among the reasons
advanced for the closing of
consular posts.

Also cited was the Depart-
ment's need for the most ef-
fective utilization of trained
manpower and financial re-
sources in view of the world-
wide commitments of the
United States.

Secretary Rusk, in Con-
gressional testimony early
in 1961, disclosed that the
closing of some consular
posts was one of the "large
questions'' under examina-
tion by the Department.

The Department will an-
nounce the number and lo-
cation of the posts to be
closed, andthe closing dates,
after a completion of the
sifting of all the survey find-
ings and notification to host
countries.

make recommendations to the new
Congress for appropriate in-
creases in executive pay. Execu-
tive salaries have not been ad-
justed since 1956.

The President pointed out that
agency requests for additional jobs
had been reduced or denied where-
ever possible and said: "I have
directed the heads of departments
and agencies to join in a Govern-
ment-wide program to improve
manpower controls and increase
productivity. This will be done by
a continuing review of personnel

needs, eliminating low-priority
work, and adopting more efficient
practices."

He added that a system of in-
spections and reviews will be
carried on to measure the ef-
fectiveness and results of these ef-
forts and to help uncover new ways
to economize.

'
’
:
'
:
'

NEW ADMINISTRATOR SPEAKS

Bell Calls for Prudence
And Frugality in AID

By DAVID E. BELL, Administrator
Agency for International Development

ET me first state three assump-

tions underlying U.S. foreign
aid efforts which I take itare com-
mon ground between us.

First, I assume there is no
misunderstanding here as to the
fundamental reason why the United
States Govern-
ment is providing
large sums each
year for military
and economic as-
sistance to the
less-developed
countries of the
world. We do so
because our own
security is in-
volved. Our own
vital interests re-
quire us to do what we can to as-
sist the growing strength of other
independent countries—for only in
a world community of free and
self-sustaining nations can our
own nation not only survive, but
flourish and prosper.

Mr. Bell

What we do in the field of eco-
nomic and military assistance,
therefore-—how much money we
provide, for what purposes, and to
what countries—must be judged by
the hard-headed test of whether it
will strengthen the security of the
United States and the free world
sufficiently to be worth what it
costs.

Second, I take it we are also in
agreement that the development of
independent strengthin any country
is essentially the responsibility of
the government and people of that
country, not of the United States.
The principal effort to develop a
country's economic, political and
military strength must be made
by the people of that country them-
selves.

Only when there is local leader-
ship and a program of action for

bringing about changes can outside

Mr. Bell’s remarks as printed above were
excerpted from an address before the annual
meeting of the National Rural Electric Co-
operative Association at Las Vegas, Nevada,
on January 14.

10

aid be effective. We can help only
those who want tohelp themselves.
If the people of a country andtheir
leaders are willing to discipline
themselves, to make the sacrifi-
ces necessary for economic de-
velopment and military security—
only then can American aid have
any appreciable effect. In those
countries or areas where such
leadership is not present, we can
engage at best in only stop-gap or
emergency assistance.

Third, I assume we agree that
the purpose of our efforts is to
help other countries get on their
own feet, and achieve a position
in which they can sustain eco-
nomic growth and political sta-
bility without extraordinary help
from us or from anyone else.
Neither they nor we would be
served by a continuing condition
of dependence on outside help.

Waar is required to achieve a
self-sustaining position is dif-
ferent in each case--Korea is dif-
ferent from Nigeria, Thailand is
different from Chile. Insome cases
the problem can be solved inrela-
tively short order. In others it
promises to require quite a few
years.

But the purpose must be clear
from the outset. Both the efforts
of the countries receiving aid and
of the United States aid programs
must be aimed at achieving a con-
dition in which each country's de-
fense and development can be sus-
tained by its own efforts.

These, then, are my three as-
sumptions:

--we provide military and economic aid
to other countries because it is in our own
vital national interest;

--we can work effectively only with

countries that are prepared to help them-
selves;

--and our objective must be to assist
these countries to achieve a condition in

which they can sustain further progress
by their own efforts--our aid programs,
that is, must be intended to be self-termi-
nating.

If we canagree onthese assump-
tions, letus turn to ways and means.
How do we accomplish these pur-
poses? The essential pattern canbe
stated simply, I believe, although

its application in individual cases
can be highly complex.

The key to the solution is for us
to assist each country to mobilize,
to increase, and to apply its own
resources in strengthening its
economy, and where necessary,
its military defenses~and for us to
supply additional resources where
they can be effectively used and
are essential to achieve stability
and economic growth. Our re-
sources may be in the form ot
trained experts giving advice, of
capital equipment and materials, of
surplus agricultural commodities,
of military equipment, or other
forms. But whatever the form of
our resources, they must, to be
effective, be related to the efforts
of the country we are helping.

%* %* %

In most parts of Asia, Africa,
and Latin America, we have the op-
portunity to forestall communist
infiltration and subversion—if we
are wise and active enough to do
so.
The situations are endlessly
complex and each is different. We
must work in several dozen coun-
tries, under widely varying con-
ditions of terrain, climate andhis-
torical and cultural backgrounds.
Typically, however, what we are
seeking to do is to provide a wide
range of resources and talents to
assist underdeveloped countries to
achieve economic and social prog-
ress through free institutions.

For the United States to provide
such resources and talents cannot
be the task of a single government
agency. No single government
agency could possibly have the ex-
pertise, the business acumen and
the technical skills that are neces-
sary to create the capital plant,
organize the human and material
resources, supply the monetary
investment and share the admin-
istrative knowledge for a modern
economy. In a sense, the task of
the Agency for International De-
velopment is to mobilize these pri-
vate resources that already exist
in our industries, farms, labor
unions, cooperatives and state and
local governments.

*

We are engaged in a tremendous
struggle, on a world-wide scale,
that will require sustained effort
over many years to win. The
powerful outreach of communist
aggression, working by subver-
sion, by infiltration, by insurgency
--by whatever means an implac-
able will can devise-—is moving in
Southeast Asia, standing on the
borders of India and Pakistan,

(Continued on page 41)
Department of State News Letter

a

lous
ale,
fort
The
nist
rere
ncy
lac-
g in
the
tan,

e 41)

pene

MAJOR RECRUITMENT PLANNED

State Wants Peace Corps
Volunteers for FSO’s

HE Department intends to make

the Peace Corps one of the
"major recruiting grounds" for
the Foreign Service.

In a letter to Robert Sargent
Shriver, Jr., Director of the Peace
Corps, on January 17, Tyler
Thompson, Chairman of the Board
of Examiners and Director General
of the Foreign Service, said:

Goodwin Heads New

Peace Corps Group

Richard N. Goodwin, until re-
cently Deputy Assistant Secretary
for Inter-American Affairs, has
been named Secretary General of
the newly created International
Peace Corps Secretariat.

The Secretariat, with headquar-
ters in Washington, was created
by unanimous resolution of the 43
countries ate
tending the Inter-
national Con-
ference on Human
Skills in the De-
cade of Develop-
ment, held at San
Juan, Puerto Rico,
from October 10
to October 12.

The Interna-
tional Peace
Corps Secretariat
will assist in the establishment of
national Peace Corps throughout
the world.

It will function for one year,
on a trial basis. Before the end
of the year the countries partici-
pating in the Conference will be
consulted on the continuation of
the Secretariat. A majority may
then decide to transfer any or all
of the Secretariat functions to
existing international organiza-
tions.

"The major function of the Sec-
retariat,'' officials point out, "will
be to assist in the expansion and
creation of volunteer assistance
to less developed countries."

The Secretariat will utilize the
resources and experience of ex-
isting volunteer organizations, in-
cluding the U.S, Peace Corps.

February 1963

Mr. Goodwin

"The Department of State is very
much interested in recruiting
junior Foreign Service officers
from among Peace Corps Volun-
teers.

"The experience and knowledge
acquired by a young man or
woman as a consequence of a tour
of duty as a Volunteer,'' Mr. Tyler
added, ''would constitute signifi-
cant qualifications for a junior
member of the Foreign Service of
the United States."

Mr. Thompson pointed out that
the recruiting objective is in har-
mony with the remarks made by
President Kennedy on June 14, 1962
to the Peace Corps trainees and
staff.

Several measures are now being
mapped out to facilitate the re-
cruitment and examination of
Peace Corps Volunteers, Mr.
Thompson noted. These include
decentralized examinations in the
field, expeditious scheduling of
examinations, and provisions for
a specialization option on the gen-
eral background test inthe regular
Foreign Service examination.

The latter option will be recom-
mended to the Board of Examiners,
whose members represent several
departments of the Government.

This option in the written exami-
nation would attempt to measure
the aspirant's ability to live, act
and learn in a foreign environ-
ment, or measure what he has
learned in such a situation.

Mr. Thompson pointed out that
"it would probably not be feasible

to bring this about in time for the
September 1963 examination. If the
Board acts favorably on the pro-
posal, however, we would then in-
corporate it in subsequent written
examinations."'

In addition, Peace Corps Volun-
teers have a chance to enter the
Foreign Service in Class 7.

W , 4

E shall consider service inthe
Peace Corps as a Volunteer or
Volunteer Leader as qualifying ex-
perience for appointment as Class
7 rather than Class 8 under Section
516(b) of the Foreign Service Act
of 1946,'' Mr. Thompson wrote Di-
rector Shriver, ''provided the ap-
plicant measures upto other quali-
fications of age, education and suit-
ability required for appointment at
this higher grade."

The Department plans to supple-
ment these arrangements with "an
aggressive and intense"' recruiting
drive among qualified Peace Corps
Volunteers.

The Director General of the For-
eign Service noted that these ar-
rangements will be kept "under
constant review'' and will be
amended as necessary "to insure
the fullest possible utilization of
Peace Corps talent in recruiting
for the Foreign Service."

In acknowledging Mr. Thomp-
son's letter Director Shriver
wrote:

"The efforts the Department of
State is making to facilitate the
examination process and the other
measures outlined in your letter
are very much appreciated. I know
that many Volunteers are inter-
ested in the Foreign Service and
will be applying to take the exami-
nations...

"I am gratified to know that you
intend to make the Peace Corps one
of the major recruiting grounds
for the Foreign Service andappre-
ciate your personal interestinthis
matter."

RIO DE JANEIRO--Consul General Joseph S. Henderson is shown when he presented a certifi-
cate for completion of the ‘‘Nationality Law and Consular Procedure’”’ FS! correspondence
course to Mrs. Claude Marie Scarfo, a local employee. Others in the photograph are, left to
tight, her husband, Richard Scarfo, Consular Officer; Sylvia N. Gobira, Marlene Vascon-
celos da Silva, and Antonio T. Pombo, all members of the staff of the Passport Office.

:
i
|
:
'

BREAKTHROUGH IN DATA PROCESSING

Test Proves Computer Can Store,

Retrieve Substantive Information

In related development, improvement of administrative

systems evident as department acquires first electronic computer

HORTLY before three o'clock

on the afternoon of September
6, 1962, three State Department
limousines rolled up to the base-
ment entrance of the Pentagon,
received quick recognition from
the guards stationed there, and
proceeded on into the alleyways
underneath the building.

After a short journey, the limou-
sines halted at an unpretentious
entranceway to the Pentagon, and
from the cars emerged twelve
top Department officials, including
the Secretary, the Under Secre-
taries, and most of the Assistant
Secretaries. Met there by the Sec-
retary of the Air Force, the State
Department party was quickly
ushered into a small conference
room adjoining the computer cen-

MECHANICAL MEMORY--The Digital Computer shown was used in
the demonstration at the Air Force Computer Center, Pentagon. The
launched the Department on a program
@ system of automated support for researchers,

demonstration

ter of the Air Force Statistical
Services Division.

This unorthodox entry into the
Pentagon set the stage for an
equally unusual demonstration that
had been prepared by State's
Division of Automated Data Pro-
cessing (the office symbol is ADP)
at the request of the Under Secre-
tary for Political Affairs. In less
than an hour this demonstration
effectively established the feasi-
bility of using computers to store
and retrieve Departmental sub-
stantive information. In so doing
it helped launch the Department
on an exciting new path of de-
velopment leading to a system
of mechanized support for re-
searchers, desk officers, policy
planners, and decision-makers

leading to at
desk officers, drives

who daily depend on substantive
information and who frequently
need it in a hurry.

As a direct result of the demon-
strated capability of computer
systems to supply such informa-
tion, the Secretary approved a
request for the necessary funds
to establish an operational pro-
totype system in one area of the
Department during FY 1964.

‘Tn format of the demonstra-
tion that had these important
consequences was almost decep-
tively simple. Following brief in-
troductory remarks indicating the
range of information contained in

(Continued on next page)

policy plenners and decision-makers who depend on the quick re-
trieval of information. The card reader and the master control are
the left. Behind them is the data processing unit. The tape
and printer are on the right;

15 tape drives were used.

ive
tly

n=
ter
la~

ids

the

‘ae
ant
P-
in=
the

ge)

tape
sed.

the computer file, an ADP spokes-
man asked the officials to post
several questions at random to

test the computer's speed and
effectiveness in retrieving infor-
mation. In less time than it takes
to tell about it, the group formu-
lated half a dozen questions of
general interest and significance.
Within several minutes these ques-
tions were converted into machine
language and were given to the
computer to be matched against the
documents stored on the com-
puter's magnetic tape.

Approximately 15 minutes after
the questions had first beenasked,
and just as the group completed
its tour of the machine room, the
computer's high speed printer be-
gan pouring forth "answers''—or
more accurately, printed copies of
documents containing information
pertinent to the requests—at the
rate of one page every three
seconds.

This dramatic moment brought
into clear focus the very purpose
of the project—to demonstrate in
a realistic manner the potential
which computers have for sup-
porting substantive operations in
the Department of State.

Tus moment also brought to an
end the tremendous amount of
work required to make the
demonstration possible. Early in
May, ADP—a division of the Office
of Operations—had begun its ef-
fort to gather all of the informa-
tion documents held in the De-
partment concerning the country
selected as the subject of the
experimental project. This ex-
haustive search for information—
whether political, economic, cul-
tural, military, biographic, or
whatever—led to the files of 14
different offices scattered
throughout the Department. It re-
quired nearly two months before
all the relevant files had been
located and a reproduced copy
of each unique document ob-
tained.

Early in the project ADP had
also begun to train eight junior
Foreign Service officers and one
officer from Records Manage-
ment in the process of preparing
document entries for the computer.
During a period of three months

_this small group—under the gen-

eral guidance of appropriate desk
officers—succeeded brilliantly in
building a comprehensive and up-

to-date file of information about

the subject country. At almost

_ very step of the way this process
required the exercise of sound

© judgment about the substantive

February 1963

contents of the documents.

First of all, a decision had to

be made whether or not to in-

clude a given document in the
file at all; only 3300 of some
6000 documents passed this ini-
tial scrutiny.

Secondly, a decision had to be
made either to accept the docu-
ment in verbatim form or to pre-
pare a reduced version of it—
either by abstracting the docu-
ment or by extracting its most

significant sentences and para-
graphs.

Finally, appropriate indexing
codes had to be applied to the

document, and this was. extremely
important, since these codes pro-
vided the basis for the computer's
selection of documents in answer
to the various requests.

The final steps in the file-
building process were purely me-
chanical in nature: the complete
document entries and their as-
sociated indexes were keypunched
and then placed on magnetic tape.

As the computer file grew, its
usefulness increased. The ADP
group began to practice interro-
gating the file, evaluating the re-
sponses, and refining the query
technique on the basis of these
results. As might be expected,
the computer system responded

better to certain categories of
questions than to others. From
the very beginning it handled

rather specific requests for in-
formation quite wellmas for ex-
ample:

“How did each of the NATO countries
vote in the U.N. on Issues A, B, and C?”

‘What countries have supplied arms to
Organization Z?’’

‘What are the expressed views of Mr. X
on Issue Y?””

On the other hand, very broad
questions required considerable
attention in query formulation to
prevent the computer from re-
trieving too much minimally rele-
vant material.

‘What impact would Event X have on

the economy of Country Y?”’
“What is the guerrilla|capability of Or-

ganization Z?”’

‘What is the general level of educa-
tion in Country Y?”’

“What progress has been made in imple-
menting Policy A?”

As the computer file system
approached its final form, desk
officers began to ask questions
that had operational significance.

‘What is the political complexion of Or-
ganization Y?”’

“Which leaders of Organization Z have
visited which Communist Bloc countries
and on what occasions?”

“What public statements and what pri-
vate statements have the leaders of Coun-
try X made about Issue Y?”’

Ar a practice demonstration held
in August three desk officers each
posed several questions for the
computer. All three were suffi-
ciently pleased with the results to
request that they be allowed to
keep the computer responses for
their own personal files.

Two of the officers reported
seeing important documents among
the output to their questions that
they had never before known ex-
isted. The ability of the computer
system to satisfy these experts
was one of the most significant
measures of its success.

As this description of the sys-
tem suggests, the computer capa-
bility that was demonstrated ine
volved nothing more than the
speedy and effective storage and
retrieval of information. Despite
rumors and reports to the con-
trary, it involved neither the simu-
lation of foreign policy situations
nor the attempt to make decisions
by means of a computer.

Given the limited techniques that
are presently available, the pri-
mary value of a computer to De-
partmental operations lies in its
ability to manage large volumes of
information and to retrieve andas-
sociate this information upon re-
quest, thereby giving informational
support to the more demanding
processes of planning, decision
making, and the conduct of day-
to-day operations.

Even though the experimental
project successfully demonstrated
a computer storage and retrieval
capability, the system and techni-
ques used in that particular proj-
ect by no means represent the full
range of information retrieval and
analysis capabilities that can be
brought to bear in a mechanized
system.

The next step in ADP's develop-
ment of a modern information re-
trieval system will be the installa-
tion in a single area of the Depart-
ment of an operational prototype
system tailored to meet the needs
of the users in that area.

At present the ADP staff is
studying several possible areas
that would lend themselves to this
initial mechanization effort. Once
one of these has been selected and
the nucleus of an operational sys-
tem established there, then the
mechanized system can be grad-
ually extended to include other
areas of the Department and to
handle other kinds of problems
associated with the retrieval and
analysis of substantive informa-
tion.

This article reports the results of an experi-
mental project described by Henry H. Ford,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Operations, in
the July, 1962, issue of the News Letter. See
related story on next page.

13

A

SHE’S REALLY STACKED--WITH FIGURES

Maggie Does Magnificent Things

On Her Magic Magnetic Tapes

By F. P. DiBLASI, JR.

ECENTLY, the Department of

State took a giant step toward
further improvement of its admin-
istrative systems by hiring Maggie.
Among those who know her best,
she is described as being of med-
ium build, fast, dependable, and
accurate. She works in the Di-
vision of Automated Data Pro-
cessing (ADP) and doesn't mind
being called on, day or night. By
today's standards she really is a
modest young thing, yet fully capa-
ble of performing her present
duties plus those which are being
prepared for her to assume dur-
ing the next several months.

Some idea of her ability may
be gleaned from her ''vital statis-
tics,"" which are attracting con-
siderable attention these days:

She can read from or write on
each of her four magnetic tapes
(whence her name—Maggie) at the
rate of 40,000 characters per sec-
ond and she can print information
at 600 lines per minute. She can
read 800 punched cards a minute,
punch 250 cards a minute, and re-
member 8,000 numbers and letters
at one time. (She will remember
up to twice as much if her pay is
raised.) Unfortunately she cannot
think for herself and must be
thoroughly instructed in everything
she does. However, she executes
each instruction given to her in
millionths of a second!

Obviously ''Maggie" is an alias.
Her real name is IBM 1401 and
she is the Department's first
electronic computer.

Berore she was allowed to re-
port for duty, her bosses carefully
laid out a unique andvariedcareer
for Maggie. Although she is as-
signed to ADP, she doesn't care
whose work she does and as soon
as she becomes helpful in one area
she begins helping in another. In
time she will provide assistance to
managers of many administrative
systems and users of administra-

Mr. DiBlasi is Chief of the Division of
Automated Data Processing, Office of Opera-
tions, Bureau of Administration.

14

tive information by giving them
pertinent amd accurate data pre-
cisely when needed, Contrary to
some fears (and a few scattered
wishes) an electronic computer
can only assist—it cannot replace—
management, because a computer
is unable to think.

Since coming to the Department
in September, Maggie has taken
over all the allotment accounting
operations previously done on
punched card machines plus other
accounting which that equipment
was unable to do. She now handles
over 40,000 transactions a month
for almost 2,000 allotment ac-
counts. Transactions are received
from the Office of Finance by
nine o'clock each morning, they are
recorded, new balances are com-
puted, updated reports are printed
and returned to that office before
noon! Of course, she also helps
with many other tasks such as
telling every post each month how
much of its money was spent by
each of the other posts, and pro-
viding information for the finan-
cial reports required by other
agencies.

Anxious to do more and more,
Maggie is being instructed in how
to assist management stillfurther.
For example, a travel advance
system now in development will
cause the computer to examine the
status of each traveler's account
and automatically print a bill to
the traveler for the amount he
owes. Aside from the dollar bene-
fits which will accrue to the De-
partment, morale amongtravelers
certainly will be improved. No
longer will one lie awake nights
trying to recall whether he is in-
debted to D.S. Travel Advance Ac-
count No. 2035.

Although she is not yet working
in personnel systems, Maggie,
through her electronic abilities,
can enhance the effectiveness of
functions such as recruitment, se-
lection, assignments, career plan-
ning and allowances. Toward this
purpose her co-workers in PER
and ADP are spelling out the
specific duties she will have in
an integrated, personnel infor-
mation system.

An integrated system, which only

a computer can support, will have
complete data on people and po-
sitions, and will produce summary,
detailed or selective information
at electronic speeds. Obviously
Maggie cannot and will not make
management decisions, but she can
be of invaluable assistance in
bringing together all facts which
have a bearing on agiven problem.
Moreover, a computer can weight
the facts in accordance with man-
agement's desires. Such a system
will replace the present slow, te-
dious methods of manually search-
ing andcorrelating datafrom sepa-
rate sources.

The most difficult problem in
making such a system work well
is establishing effective and eco-
nomical procedures for gathering
the most recent personnel data
and converting these to a ma-
chinable form. Happily, this prob-
lem is partially solved by PER's
automatic method of writing per-
sonnel actions and simultaneously
producing punched cards, which is
probably the most advanced sys-
tem of this type in the Govern-
ment.

In a few weeks Maggie will as-
sume all of the punched card pay-
roll operations leading to the is-
suance of salary checks, a subject
dear to our hearts. She will do
these operations about three times
faster and more efficiently, but of
greater importance she will auto-
matically provide the salary data
needed for the accounting system
at the same time, Also, Maggie
will give special attention to em-
ployee services by furnishing with
the check complete information on
bonds, premium pay, deductions
and leave.

Maggie has a reasonably capa-
ble arithmetical side to her nature
although she recognizes only zero
and one. (She calculates in binary,
a primitive forerunner of the deci-
mal system that people use.) But
she figures so fast, in her own
way, that she can add or subtract
two five-digit numbers over 4,000
times in one second. Other arith-
metic functions are alittle slower.
This ability will carry her career
into several statistical areas of the
Department's business.

For a long time, ADP has done
statistical jobs for functions such
as passport, communications and
transportation on its conventional
punched card machines. However,
the mathematical limitations of that
equipment precluded the possibility
of mechanizing statistical opera-
tions on a complete systems basis.
With a computer, the development
of such systems is quite feasible
and the efficacy of a statistical

(see MAGGIE, page 16)
Department of State News Letter

Maggie-
The
Magic
Computer

»

William H. Orrick, Jr.,

Deputy Under Secretary for
Administration, discusses Maggie's
tape drives with Herman Bancom, of
the Division of Automated Data. Each
2400-foot tape can store about

10,000 one-page telegrams.

o>

Bill Mayo of ADP

checks on computer
units. At left is the
input station--a card
reader or reproducer. To
Mayo’s immediate right
is the data processing
unit which can store 4,000
characters in its memory.
It can also do arithmetic
problems faster than

you can say electronic
computer.

Q

Henry H. Ford (right),
Deputy Assistant Secretary
of State for Operations,

and F. P. DiBlasi, Jr., ADP
Chief, are shown in front

of the computer’s 600-word-
a-minute printer.

[ scxtvet*=] MAGGIE

system for the Visa Office is now
being studied.

Maggie should prove to bea''gal
Friday'' to management in many
areas by detecting trends and fore-
casting changing conditions, by ac-
curately prorating costs through
statistical sampling techniques,
and by projecting the probable ef-
fects of contemplated changes in
policy for administrative opera-
tions.

Eecrronic computers, to-
gether with related data processing
machines, confront all of us witha
challenge to be imaginative and
quick to respondto opportunity, be-
cause this equipment opens vast,
new possibilities for improving our
administrative systems.

Despite their amazing speedand
versatility, however, computers
cannot solve a single administra-
tive problem! Only people can solve
problems. What a computer cando
is implement better solutions to
problems=solutions which possi-
bly could be designed before, but
only now can be installed. To afar
greater degree than any earlier
equipment, electronic data proces-
sing machines have broken down
the fences that restrict our ability
to design and operate administra-
tive systems in the most practical
and efficient way. These systems
usually consist of chains of
manually performed, repetitive
tasks. Such tasks are not done well
by people inasmuch as people have
the ability to think, which is an
ability to deviate from procedure,

Junior FSO’s
Hear Capt. Beach

The Junior Foreign Service Of-
ficer's Club played host last month
to Captain Edward L. Beach, who
commanded the U.S. nuclear sub-
marine, Triton, on its historic
submerged navigation of the globe.

Captain Beach, accompanied by
other officers of the submarine
crew, spoke to aninformal gather-
ing of Club members about the im-
pact of nuclear technology on mili-
tary strategy.

Members of the International
Junior Diplomats in Washington
Club were also present. The talk
was part of JFSOC's continuing
program to hold informal gather-
ings at members' homes so that
junior officers in Washington can
easily meet their colleagues from
foreign embassies.

16

thereby causing serious problems.
This has long been recognized by
alert management. However, due
to the limited capability of con-
ventional equipment, most ad-
ministrative systems had to be
made to operate as best they could
by the age-old expedient of using
people to act as machines.
Today's data processing equip-

ment makes it possible for us to
use machines to do jobs which
can be done best by machines and
to free people's time for thinking,
a job that only can be done by
people. This simple fact expresses
a basic objective of the De-

partment's Automated Data Pro-
cessing Program—an objective that
Maggie will help us to attain.

ADVISERS--Members of the Advisory Committee on the Foreign Relations Series are shown, left to
right: Richard W. Leopold, Northwestem University; Philip W. Thayer, Johns Hopkins University;
Clarence A. Berdah!, Southern Illinois University; Dexter Perkins, University of Pittsburgh; Leland
M. Goodrich, Columbia University, and Fred H. Harrington, University of Wisconsin. Robert H. Wil-
son, Duke University, was not present. The Advisers met with top officials in the Historical Office.

State Hopes to Keep Historical Series

Within Twenty Years of Currency

ECRETARY Rusk has praised

the Department's Advisory
Committee on the ''Foreign Rela-
tions'' Series for its ''reasonable"'
recommendations that these vol-
umes be published in chronologi-
cal order and be kept within 20
years of currency.

The Advisory Committee is
comprised of seven scholars nomi-
nated for 3-year terms by the
American Historical Association,
the American Society of Inter-
national Law, and the American
Political Science Association.

The group were guests of Sec-
retary Rusk at a recent luncheon.
Members were in Washington to
attend the sixth annual meeting
with the top staff of the Depart-
ment's Historical Office and to
discuss the problems encountered
in editing and publishing the De-
partment's series entitled ''For-
eign Relations of the United States."

Now pastits centennial year, this
series constitutes the official rec-
ord of the foreign policy of the
United States. The Foreign Rela-
tions Series, edited in the His-
torical Office, Bureau of Public
Affairs, has been published on an

annual basis since 1861, anditnow
totals 215 volumes.

In a letter to Dexter Perkins,
University of Pittsburgh, Chairman
of the Committee; Secretary Rusk
thanked the members of the Ad-
visory Committee for their report
and "for the time and thought that
you have generously given to the
problem."

The Secretary laudedthe group's
recommendations and said he would
"so inform our Historical Office."

The Secretary added: "You will
understand, however, that publica-
tion of a volume may occasionally
be delayed because of the current
sensitivity of significant docu-
ments. I trust that such instances
will be rare and that we can hold
to a twenty-year line with fair
regularity."

Other members of the Advisory
Committee are FredH. Harrington,
University of Wisconsin; Richard
W. Leopold, Northwestern Univer-
sity; Philip W. Thayer, Johns Hop-
kins University; Robert R. Wilson,
Duke University; Leland M. Good-
rich, Columbia University, and
Clarence A. Berdahl, Southern Illi-
nois University.

Department of State News Letter

ng,

ses
de-
rO=
hat

t to
ity;
and
Wil.

ice.

White House
ls Guiding
Pay Reforms

President Kennedy has issued
an executive order which provides
for the administration of the Fed-
eral Salary Reform Act of 1962,

In a letter accompanying the
order, the President directed de-
partment and agency heads to make
sure that positions in the Federal
service are classified properly and
that employees possess all neces-
sary qualifications for their po-
sitions,

Executive order 11073 directs
department and agency heads to:

Make full use of the Salary Reform Act
to get and keep an efficient Federal work
force.

Use the authority given them to moti-
vate employees to perform continuously at
their full capacity, and to insure that in
matters of pay all employees covered by
the act are treated fairly.

Insure that Government receives full
value for the money its spends on salaries,
and that every employee is paid no more
than is warranted by the nature of his as-
signments and the degree of competence
with which he performs them.

The Director of the Budget

Federal Managers

WO powerful new tools have

been placed in the hands of
government managers by the 1962
Federal Salary Reform Act to re-
move the roadblock of ''dead level
mediocrity'' built by automatic
within-grade salary increases.

In a special bulletin to Depart-
ment heads, the Civil Service Com-
mission instructed management on
its new authority under the Act to
grant ''additional'"' pay increases to
employees doing "high quality'
work and to withhold within-grade
increases from employees not
working up to the new high stand-
ards set by the Act.

The instructions apply to all
employees paid in accordance with
the General Schedule of the Classi-
fication Act or in accordance with
the Exempted Salary Schedule pur-
suant to administrative action.

They do not apply to Foreign
Service personnel or toemployees
whose compensation is fixed by
statute, personnel service con-
tracts or wage boards.

February 1963

Bureau and the chairman of the
Civil Service Commission are re-
quired to submit to the President
by December 31 of each year a
report comparing the rates of Fed-
eral statutory salaries with rates
paid for the same levels of work
in private enterprise.

Salary comparisons will be based
on findings made by the Bureau of
Labor Statistics survey.

The Budget Bureau and Civil
Service Commission will provide
authorized representatives of Fed-
eral employee organizations with
the BLS findings, the methods
used in the survey, and the results
obtained,

After receiving and considering
the views of employee organi-
zations, CSC and BOB will for-
ward the employee organizations’
views to the President withthe an-
nual report.

The order authorizes the Civil
Service Commission to issue any
necessary regulations and stand-
ards to insure that within-grade
increases are awarded only to
those employees whose work is of
an acceptable level of competence,

It requires each department and
agency to establish a simple and
fair plan for granting additional
within-grade increases for high
quality performance.

Agency plans must permit de-
cisions on within-grade increases
to be made at an appropriate super-

visory level. All employees in the
agency will be informed at least
once a year of the number of
quality increases granted in their
agencies,

The Civil Service Commission
is required to establish regulations
and standards, to the extent it
deems appropriate, for such agency
plans, The Commission will aid
and advise agencies in drawing up
plans, and will inspect the agen-
cies' plans and their operations to
make sure within-grade increases
are granted in a manner that is
fair to employees and in a way
that provides motivation for high
quality performance.

New Civil Service Film

Act of Honor, a 28-minute 16-mm
color motion picture film which
traces the Federal civil service
from 1883 to the present, has been
produced by the Civil Service Com-
mission and is available for show-
ing.

Prints may be borrowed from of-
fices of the Civil Service Commis-
sion,

About 52 percent of all Federal
employees have veteran's prefer-
ence, including some 65 percent of
all men and 8 percent of all women.

Have New Authority Under Pay Act

Under a provision of the Act an
employee will be given a within-
grade increase if his work is "'of
an acceptable level of competence
as determined by the head of the
department.'' The new ruling does
away with the "automatic" pay in-
crease tied to a "'satisfactory''
performance rating.

Management will also be per-
mitted under the new provision to
grant an additional increase, above
the within-grade step, to employ-
ees "in recognition of high quality
performance above that ordinarily
found in the type of position con-
cerned,"

A Foreign Affairs Manual Cir-
cular (98B), recently issued, in-
forms supervisors of their new
responsibilities in conforming to
the Act.

The Civil Service Commission
bulletin states:

"For many years Federal man-
agers have blamed the classifica-
tion system governing white collar

pay for its failure to allow them to
adjust the salary rates of their em-
ployees according to the actual
work performance of the individual.
'A dead level of mediocrity,' many
claimed, resulted from giving the
same basic compensation to all
employees doing similar work and
granting increases in rates within
the grade almost automatically ac-
cording to length of service on the
job. Now, under the Federal Salary
Reform Act passed in October 1962,
this roadblock to effective salary
administration has been removed.
Congress has placed two powerful
new tools in the hands of Federal
managers for recognizing individ-
ual performance by their work-
OFBecce

"The pursuit of excellence is
an imperative of our times, both
in private and public life. The two
new salary authorities ... give
Federal managers a continuing
opportunity to influence the mo-
tivation and performance of their
Classification Act employees."

7

|
|

By WILLIAM J. CROCKETT
Assistant Secretary of State for Administration

OR more than two years the

Department has been decen-
tralizing its administrative pro-
cess, delegating more authority to
the posts, and freeing them from
the straight jackets of rigid rules
and regulations.

And now, I am happy to Say,
we are beginning to harvest the
crops that we have tended so long.
I have found, in a number of posts
visited, a healthy resurgence of
individual initiative, a new vigor
in the discharge of administrative
duties.

This reformation must continue
until all posts have been recharged
with the determination, the courage
and the initiative to get the job
done—to give the Chiefs of Mis-
sion the strongest administrative
support possible. After all, that's
what the administrative personnel
are there for.

Toward this end, it is the policy
of the Department to encourage
boldness, to back up those officers
who blend common sense with
initiative in finding new ways and
better ways to perform their work.

The Department does not want
fumbling and hesitancy; it does not
want slavish adherence tothe letter
of every regulation when good
judgment dictates a better course.

Oftentimes, in fact, the very
best operation may be the one
where the administrative niceties,
the regulatory punctilio are the
poorest. We must rate our opera-
tors primarily by the success of
their overall achievements and
only secondarily upon their ability
to follow regulations, and to pre-
pare flawless but sometimes
meaningless reports.

Waar are the qualities, the con-
cepts and the standards of the good
administrative officer?

First, a goodadministrator pre-
pares for the future. He is prudent
in the use of resources and in
making future commitments. He
knows that there will come times
when annual budgets may be cut,
and when other agency reimburse-

18

THE REFORMATION GOES ON

Vigor and Initiative
Mark Post Administration

Mr. Crockett

ments may be reduced or lost en-
tirely; laws don't get passed, funds
don't get appropriated, and other
needs arise in other areas of the
world.

The good administrative officer
is prepared to weather such exi-
gencies. Instead of putting all his
annual funds or year-end windfalls
into fancy new furnishings, into
paint and showy renovation, hehas
put a good portion of his funds into
the bank! How? By buying and
stocking the things that he will
be called upon to buy in the future—

gasoline, spare parts, supplies,
lumber, paints, advance rentals,
etc.

By this means, the post is not
living on a day-to-day basis but
has provided for that rainy day
when there may be no funds for
anything but bare operations.
Fortunate indeed is the post with
an administrative officer who had
the vision to see a rainy day
ahead!

In like manner, the good opera-
tor carefully calculates the future
costs of today's decisions and ac-
tions and ensures that there will be
enough resources in the future
to carry the ongoing implication of
today's decisions.

Second, to do a good job, an
administrative officer mustde-
velop good contacts—with the Em-
bassy, foreign nationals, airport
and customs officials, United
States military commands, hospi-
tals and supply groups, the Ameri-

can school and many others.

These friendships must range
widely—through the American and
local business community, air-
lines, hotels, and transportation
agencies, heads of U.S. agencies,
etc.,—for it is the personal con-
tact which unlocks doors that could
not be cracked by a diplomatic
note or an OM to Washington! It
is friendship, created by positive
cultivation and based upon mutual
respect and confidence that se-
cures for the Embassy an extra
quota of gasoline from the For-
eign Office, free entry for the
Trade Fair's goods, first priority
access to the Army surplus stocks,
those extra cars from that other
agency, or room on the Attache
plane for bringing in stocks, etc.

The good administrative officer
wiil make strong and lasting friend-
ships for the post that will obtain
for all (not for himself) manifold
benefits not covered by regulations
or bilateral agreement! This is the
essence of his job.

Tuo, the good administrative
officer will strive to perfect his
own administrative organization
and operation. The keystone to the
administrative strength of an Em-
bassy is a group of well selected,
well trained, and trusted local
employees who know their jobs.

This means that the local em-
ployees must be properly appre-
ciated, respected, and used as a
basic resource. They must know
their duties and their responsi-
bilities.

To accomplish this, there should
be accurate job descriptions, or-
ganizational charts, and written
procedures for routine functions.
Wage scales must be realistic and
the attitudes of all Americans,
and most especially the admin-
istrative Americans, must create
a climate of equality, friendship,
and trust. Such a climate will
preserve for the locals their stat-
ure, their dignity and their con-
fidence.

Fourth, the able administrative
officer keeps in mind that he is
the administrative officer to all of
the staff. His clientele is the
Ambassador, the Counselors, the

Department of State News Letter

ity

Lin
1d
ns
he

ve

on
he
ne
od,
sal

VIENNA--Congressman John J. Rooney, Chairman of the House Ap-
propriations Subcommittee on the Departments of State, Justice and
Commerce, the Judiciary and Related Agencies, presented em-
ployee awards to members of the Embassy staff during his recent

fact-finding trip. Shown above, left to right,
Hans Schikotanz;

(Continued from preceding page)

Foreign Service officers, the Staff
Corps, USIS, AID, the military,
the secretaries, the Marine
Guards, the local employees—the
highest to the most humble.

He must ensure equity of treat-
ment, equity of social opportunity,
equity of housing, of schooling, of
representation at meetings, of rep-
resentation at the Ambassador's
parties, etc. Morale—the total
morale—is his responsibility.

He must guard against frag-
mentation of the mission and the
promotion of small cliques. He
must promote the general wel-
fare in dozens of different ways—
both officially and unofficially—
by originating ideas and sup-
porting ideas, by his presence,
and by his actions.

Fits, the knowledgeable ad-
ministrative officer strives al-
ways for an integrated mission.
The Ambassador represents the
United States Government. The
people of the mission must have
a sense of belonging to the whole.
They must lose their fierce agency
loyalties and acquire a new loyal-
ty for the entire ''diplomatic mis-
sion,"

They will not achieve U.S. ob-
jectives if they are in fragmented
groups working at cross purposes
and at sword points. The admin-
istrative officer—through his of-
ficial and unofficial interest—can
ensure that the mission does be-
come an integrated whole working
for the total U.S. effort under the

February 1963

Richard Straus, Consular Officer; Stefan

are Franz Seyfried; Henmueller; Oskar

Ambassador. This will take his
time, and much effort and even
some of his money, but it is a
job that is well worth achieving.
It is his job to draft the pattern—
group orientation, newcomers!
parties, bridge groups, recrea-
tional programs, and countless
other activities which display a
genuine interest in people are his
working tools.

Sixtus, the knowing administra-
tor will cultivate a genuine con-
cern for the people at his post.
Administration is a service activ-
ity, but many of our administrative
personnel are not "service" ori-
ented. The job of administration
is not one of control, of being a
policeman, or serving as a watch-
dog for every man's conscience.
The job of administration is to
provide the things that people need
to make them into an effective,
healthy, efficient workforce for
the United States.

There must be a genuine con-
cern on the part of all the ad-
ministrative staff for people and
their welfare—for people who must
remain too long in hotels, for
people who can't find proper hous-
ing, for the kinds of schools there
are for children, for the recrea-
tional facilities for all the staff,
for voucher payments unduly de-
layed, for privileges and facili-
ties that people need to do their
jobs and to live comfortably—and
so on ad infinitum.

The good administrative officer
will build this kind of administra-
tive concern into the hearts of his
staff so that people do receive

Mitschek; Ray Jones; Hermine Roeser; Preben R. Nielsen; Gertrude
Tanzer; Mr. Rooney; Dwight J. Porter, Deputy Chief of Mission;
Otto Kreutzer; William J. Crockett, Assistant Secretary for Ad-
ministration, who accompanied Mr. Rooney on the trip; Franz
Em; Adalbert Bretterbaver; Konrad Mauritz
and Friedrich Herrmann. The ceremony took place on November 29.

kind, considerate, efficient, and
imaginative service.

A seventh point: the Embassy
administrative officer must also
be the administrative officer for
all the consulates within his coun-
try. In many ways, people as-
signed to consulates may have a
harder situation with regard to
facilities—commissaries, schools,
privileges, medical service, etc.—
than do people at the Embassy.
Care must be exercised to ensure
that resources of money, people,
etc., are equitably distributed to
the consulates. The consulates are
a part of the good administrative
officer's concern.

The eighth point I would make
concerns attention to little things.
The general appearances and at-
mosphere of an Embassy rest
upon numerous little things done
well. These things constitute a
telling commentary on the effi-
ciency and morale of the Em-
bassy in general and of the ad-
ministrative operation in particu-
lar.

G ENERAL appearance may have
some relationship to the availa-
bility of funds, but it has a very
direct relationship to the finesse,
ingenuity, and effectiveness of ad-
ministrative operations. The
equipment may be old and the build-
ing inappropriate, but cleanliness
and orderliness can still exist.
Clean restrooms, attractively

painted apartments, slip covered,
furniture that is clean and neat,
well polished floors, matched furn-

(Continued on next page)

9

(Continued from preceding page)

ishings (regardless of age),
covered typewriters, absence of
piles of paper, books and junk; well
clipped hedges and lawns, clean
cars and neat chauffeurs, attentive
and alert receptionists, courteous
Marine Guards, expeditious hand-
ling of visitors' mail, time and
method of clearance through cus-
toms, and many other things almost
too numerous to mention, alladdup
to the fact that there is attention
being given to the operating de-
tails of the place. When the little
things are well taken care of,
the whole general appearance and
operating atmosphere of the es-
tablishment will virtually shout
efficiency and excellence. The
really good operation attains its
excellence by the manner in which
the small details are foreseen and
handled by all of the staff.

My ninth point relates to the
positive thrust of administration
in its support of programs. This
means much more than giving
service. It means that criticisms
of administrative operations are
not received defensively but with
the knowledge that each criticism
may be an opportunity to find, to
improve, and to correct de-
ficiencies.

It means listening patiently and
interestedly to every person's
needs with the thought that some-
thing can be done to help. It means
that regulations or fund shortages
or staff shortages are not used
as easy excuses to refuse re-
quests. It means that a serious,
willing effort is made to give
people what they want and need.

Ir means that administrative
regulations, procedures, andother
requirements are not used to put
artificial ''controls'' upon program
objectives. It means that all al-
ternative avenues of approach will
be explored for getting the job
done when, for some good reason,
the job can't be achieved as re-
quested. It means a general at-
titude which assumes at once that
all things can be achieved—there
is no acceptance of "It can't be
done."' It means that the larger
point of view will be the approach
rather than the narrow. How can
one judge this positive approach?
In a few minutes conversation with
the heads of the sections and
agencies a visitor can obtain al-
most full knowledge of the place
of administration at the mission—
a lackey or a leader!

The tenth point I wish to make
concerns the initiative displayed
in an administrative operation.
This initiative can run the gamut
of the official and the unofficial.

It may be evidenced in such things
as Embassy clubs, commissaries,
recreational facilities, movies for
the staff and children, orientation
programs for newcomers; kits of
pots and pans, blankets, sheets,
etc., assembled in advance to as-
sist people before their effects
arrive; temporary quarters for
newcomers, Christmas parties for
staff or for children, bridge
groups, cooperation with other
missions on schools, doctors,
nurses, etc,; GSO facilities such
as electrical, carpentry and
plumbing shops; garage services,
assistance with tours and tickets,
exchange programs for personnel
between the Embassy and the con-
sulates, country conferences,
language programs, employee loan
funds, tie-ins with Army facili-
ties and local facilities, displays
of local merchandise for per-
sonal purchases, and other activi-
ties too numerous to mention.

Tse things probably won't be
called for by any regulation. They
are the extra dividends that a
post receives from the personal
efforts of the good administra-
tive officer but they are vital
elements in achieving excellence.

The unofficial activities prob-
ably won't cost the U.S. Govern-
ment a dime—in fact such serv-
ices may be making a great deal
of money for the employees of
the post that in turn can be used
to finance other activities for the
betterment of all. The officer
corps may personally have little
need for or interest in such ac-
tivities but this should not be
the total criteria of their use-
fulness. The needs of all the peo-
ple who are the total composi-
tion of the mission must be the
real criteria.

My eleventh and final point,
the most important of all, con-
cerns common sense. The sound-
est concepts of decentralized op-
erations based on the best of
policies implemented by the most
enlightened regulations and backed
up by all the standards in the
world cannot in and of themselves
make a good operation. These
things offer no guarantee against
damned foolishness, plain bad judg-
ment, or inbred narrow bureau-
cracy.

Common sense and good judg-
ment in relating policy and regu-
lations to the situation at hand
are the real keystones of our
operations.

When we find this happy com-
bination we feel that the Depart-
ment's efforts of the past two

years toloosen Washington's apron
strings, to extend more authority

and flexibility to the field, have
not been in vain.

In fact, we see evidence that
the new policies have taken a
firm root at many posts. And we
feel particularly encouraged as
the result of a recent letter from
a very able Counselor of Em-
bassy for Administration.

This officer, who knows well
the initiative-stifling atmosphere
of the past and the freer air of
the present, concluded his mes-
sage with these paragraphs:

"I. am no longer working for
one of the poorest administered
agencies of the Government,
Neither is the Ambassador. The
reason is simple. He is admin-
istering the post and I hope I am
helping him, in a manner suited to
the needs and objectives of the U.S,
Government in this country.

"Resources go where they do
the most good. The best personnel
talent is applied to the bggest
problems. There is no dissipation
of time and energy in useless re-
porting, elaborate justifications,
petty Washington quibbling, andthe
like.

=
ERSONNEL problems are
solved locally by putting round
pegs in roundholes, andclassifying
jobs and titles to fit the need. There
is a climate for initiative and re-
sourcefulness. A career can be
carved out, not by following 'the
book,' but by demonstrating to
superiors andinspectors that you—
clerk or counselor—are achieving
results in the performance of your
job which contribute to the ob-
jectives of the total U.S. mission.
"It is no longer a game for the
administrative weak or the timid.
No Ambassador, in the exercise
of his enormous responsibilities
for the total conduct of U.S. pro-
grams abroad, can fulfill these
responsibilities while dragging the
yoke of a complacent administra-
tive bureaucracy behind him. Ad-
ministration's place is in front.
And it is just possible, if ad-
ministration tries hard enough and
just a little longer, we may make
the Ambassador's suspicions come
true by actually getting out infront
and helping him pull."'

Ninety Federal employees re-
cently became "teachers for aday"
in seven Washington area school
systems. They replaced social
science teachers who were attend-
ing a conference. Federal employ-
ees selected as personable, articu-
late, and knowledgeable discussed
their jobs, careers in Government,
and missions of Federal agencies
with some 20,000 high school stu-
dents in 250 classes,

Department of State News Letter

Seat fii ee

at

ire

ing

ind

ont

re-
ay"
1001
cial
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TO ASSIST AMERICAN FIRMS

State Establishes Advisory Committee

On International Business Problems

HE establishment of an Ad-

visory Committee on Inter-
national Business Problems and the
appointment of Clarence B. Ran-
dall, former Chairman of the Board
of Inland Steel, as Chairman, were
announced February 4 by the De-
partment.

The Committee, which will in-
clude two other members, Edwin
A. Locke, Jr., of Chicago, and
Lloyd N. Cutler, of Washington,
D.C. will advise the Secretary, and
the Administrator of the Agency
for International Development on
the handling of specific business
problems confronting American
firms abroad. Other members may
be appointed later.

The Committee will give particu-
lar attention to the application of
the Hickenlooper Amendment (Sec-
tion 620e) of the Foreign Assist-
ance Act of 1962 which calls for
the termination of assistance to
countries nationalizing or expro-
priating U.S.-owned property un-
less "appropriate steps" are taken
to meet its obligations under inter-
national law.

The Committee will meet
periodically to review the handling,
by the Department and its missions
abroad, of specific business com-
plaints submitted by American
business in connection with their
overseas operations.

In its review, the Committee
will be assisted by the Under Sec-
retary for Political Affairs, George
C. McGhee; the Assistant AID
Administrator for Development,
Finance and Private Enterprise,
Seymour Peyser, and by the De-
partment of Commerce's Assistant
Secretary for Domestic and Inter-
national Business, Dr. Jack
Behrman. Abram Chayes, State's
Legal Adviser, will act as counsel
to the Committee.

Other officers of the Department,
AID and, when appropriate, other
agencies of the Government, will be
called upon to provide information
concerning each case for review by
the Committee.

Allan J. Robbins, Special Assist-
ant for International Business in
the Office of the Under Secretary,
will serve as Executive Secretary
of the Committee, and will be

February 1963

INDUSTRIAL STATESMAN--Under Secretary George W. Ball congratulates Clarence B. Ran-
dall, former Chairman of the Board of Inland Steel, after he was sworn in as Chairman of the
newly created Advisory Committee on Intemational! Business Problems. The Committee in-
cludes two other members; Edwin A. Clark, Jr., of Chicago and Lioyd Cutler, of Washington.

responsible for implementing the
Committe's recommendation,
after approval by the Secretary
and the AID Administrator.

In announcing the establishment
of the new Committee, Under Sec-
retary George W. Ball said: ''To-
day both the Department of State
and the American business com-
munity recognize the increasing
interrelation of American foreign
policy and the operation of Ameri-
can citizens overseas—including
their financial and business in-
terests. This requires constant
vigilance to make certain that
American firms doing business
abroad receive a fair break—that
they are not discriminated against
or unfairly treated. The creation
of this Committee is afurther step
to improve the effectiveness of the
Department's efforts toward that
end."

Mr. Ball said that Secretary
Rusk's recent communication to
American Ambassadors abroad
underscoring the importance of
American business, and_ the

appointment of a Special Assistant
for International Business are
other recent examples of Depart-
ment actions to better respond to
the needs of the American business
community.

Recent United States business
problems in Ceylon and Brazil
have shown us how valuable it
would be to be able to call on the
wise counsel of leaders of industry
in considering the complex prob-
lems facing United States industry
abroad, he noted.

"We are very fortunate,'' Mr.
Ball said, ''to obtain the services
of Clarence Randall to chair the
Advisory Committee on Interna-
tional Business. Mr. Randall has
had extensive experience in do-
mestic and international business.
Since his retirement, he has served
both the Eisenhower and Kennedy
Administrations in important ca-
pacities. Secretary Rusk and I
welcome his advice and counsel
and the experience he brings to
this new assignment. We wishalso

(see BUSINESS, page 40)

21

\
ied
wn

eae

a
a

TRADE TALK--Newly assigned commercial officers, attending the
opening day program of the FSI course for commercial specialists,
were introduced to the problems of trade promotion and invest-
ment by (left to right) Carl N. Gibboney, course chairman; Theo-
for Commercial

dore J. Hadraba, Coordinator

a

Pere

/

»

.

Activities, State; of the

A Word to Commercial Officers:
THE NEW DIMENSION IS DECISIVE ACTION

By DAN H. FENN, JR.
Staff Assistant to the President

O start with, I need not remind

this particular group of readers
of the President's deep and con-
tinuing concern with the task of our
commercial officers overseas.
Though the angle from which he at-
tacks the problem is quite different
from that of the man in the field,
the two are sharing in a common
endeavor in which the nation has a
major stake.

He is well aware that the over-
all statistics which help mark the
international financial and political
road we can travel represent the
painstaking process of assembling
data, assessing opportunities and
persuading the often-reluctant
American businessman to take ad-
vantage of the possibilities offered
by aggressive international pro-
grams. In short, he can see the
men behind the numbers and appre-
ciate the work that they are doing.

For my part, I would like to
comment briefly on a premise
which underlies all of our activities
in the world today. Though it is a
principal segment of the framework
within which we operate, the
American people have not yet
totally grasped it nor appreciated

These remarks by Mr. Fenn were originally
included in a talk at the Foreign Service In-
stitute before a class of newly assigned com-
mercial specialists. Because of their general
applicability the News Letter requested per-
mission to reprint them here.

22

all its implications. But to every-
one who is professionally involved
in world affairs today it is com-
pletely familiar.

I am referring to the fundamental
change in our international role

TOKYO

HE American Chamber of Com-

merce in Japan has lauded the
U.S. Embassy's recent series of
briefings for businessmen and has
offered to cooperate in planning
future programs of this type.

In a letter to U.S. Ambassador
Edwin O. Reischauer, Frank E.
Allee, Vice President of the Cham-
ber, expressed the appreciation of
his organization for the 'Know
Your Embassy Better Program!
and added:

'' The talks by the three Ministers
given at our luncheon were con-
sidered very instructive. The
briefings received highly appreci-
ative comments, and I understand
that suggestions were made in
some Sections for further cooper-
ation between these Sections and
our Chamber...

"Several of our members have

os ee A
4 .
/
y

Amembassy Tokyo Cultivates

Good Business Relations

ee

al

Den H. Fenn, Jr., Staff Assistant to the President; and three
Department of Commerce officials--Donald Sham, Business and De-
fense Services Administration; Robert E. Simpson, Director, Of-
fice of Regional Economics, and Eugene M. Braderman, Director
recently created Bureau of International Commerce.

which has forced us to abandon our
traditional emphasis on foreign re-
lations and substitute for it the con-
cept of foreign operations.

For most of our history we have
been primarily concerned with the

expressed their desire that pro-
grams such as this be held annu-
ally. I am sure you will find our
Chamber leaders very willing to
co-operate in such future plans."

The program included discus-
sions on the organization, func-
tions, and services performed by
U.S. Embassy and Consular per-
sonnel throughout Japan. It was or-
ganized to enable members of the
American Chamber of Commerce
in Japan, and their wives, to know
the Embassy better.

It included a luncheon at the
American Club, a series of brief-
ings at the American Embassy, and
a reception at the Ambassador's
residence.

Speakers included Mr. Allee,
U.S. Minister John K. Emmerson,
Minister Arthur Z. Gardiner, and
Minister Charles B. Fahs.

Department of State News Letter

establishment, maintenance, utili-
zation, repair or disruption of our
relations with other countries.
Now, suddenly, we find ourselves
operating an information ap-
paratus, an intelligence apparatus,
an economic apparatus, a politi-
cal, military and commercial ap-
paratus in every part of the globe.
Wherever we may be, we are
seeking to accomplish certain ob-
jectives, trying to make things
happen.

Our people overseas are no
longer primarily negotiators and
reporters and representatives.
They are specialists and executives
who are running complex, multi-
faceted programs and working on
a host of different technical assign-
ments. They are not essentially
analysts and diplomats in the tra-
ditional sense. They are doers.

I do not mean to imply that the
"doing'' part of the job of an
American official overseas has re-
placed the "thinking" part with
which he has been largely con-
cerned in the past. Far from it~
we need careful, precise, creative
thought in international affairs to-
day as we have never needed it
before. What I am saying is that

a new dimension has been added
to the traditional functions of our
people overseas—the dimension of
decisive, effective action.

Tue evidence to support this
contention is everywhere. It can
be found in the statements of the
President and the Secretary of
State; in the 1962 standards es-
tablished for the State Department
Promotion Panels; in such docu-
ments as Secretary Rusk's letter
to the Ambassadors on the role of
the embassies in the trade expan-
sion program, a paper of particular
interest to readers of this publica-
tion. Most of all, it can be found
in the nature of the jobs which
Americans are called upon to do
overseas today in contrast totheir
functions a quarter of a century
ago.

These changes, which have so
vastly affected the institutions
through which we conduct our in-
ternational business and the men
who work in those institutions,
have been wrought by the position
of leadership into which events
and our own national aspirations
have thrust us.

Leadership means action, initia-
tive, the attempt to make events
and circumstances conform to your
requirements and objectives.

Our traditional emphasis on re-
lations was based on our need to
adjust and accommodate; our cur-
rent emphasis on operations is
based on our need and effort to
lead.

It is ironic, at this moment in
history when the United States is
playing the most active, signifi-
cant part in the shaping of world
events that it has ever played,
when our mix of accommodation
and leadership is most heavily
weighted on the latter side of the
scale, that we are being accused
in some quarters of subservience
to the views of both our allies
and our opponents.

We are told that we should re-
turn to ''the old days'"' when Ameri-
ca led the world. This interpre-
tation of history will not stand
much scrutiny!

Given our new posture, the job
of the commercial officer be-
comes at once more difficult and
more rewarding and significant.
It calls for a new level of inge-
nuity and imagination, of knowl-
edge, wisdom and perception, of
initiative, vigor and decisiveness.
The men who undertake these
duties and understand these new
requirements are owed the grati-
tude and best wishes of all of us.

OTTAWA--Participants in the recent Principal Officers’ Conference
held here are shown above. Seated around the table, left to right,
are: Arne Fliflet, Vancouver; John H. Morris, Winnipeg; Homer
W. Lanford, St. John’s; Alton L. Gillikin, Halifax; George F.
Wilson, Windsor; W. Park Armstrong, Toronto; Jules Wayne, Ottewa;
Iven B. White, Ottawa; Williom H. Orrick, Jr., Deputy Under Sec-
tetery for Administration, Washington; Ambassador to Canada W.
Welton Butterworth; Williom R. Tyler, Assistant Secretary for Euro-

February 1963

pean Affairs, Washington; Francis A. Linville, Ottawa; Avery F.
Peterson, newly-designated Consul General at Vancouver; Jerome
T. Gasperd, Montreal; M. Robert Rutherford, Edmonton; Walter
Mueller, Saint John; Edwin J. Madill, Ca end Richard H.
Courtenaye, Quebec. Left wall: Brandon H. Grove, Jr., Special
Assistant to Deputy Under Secretary for Administration, Washington,
and Delmar R. Carlson, Officer in Charge, Canadian Affairs, Washington.
Right wall: Maynard Glitman and Lowrence W. von Hellens. Ottewa.

23

AN INTER-AGENCY MATTER

Latin American Committee:
An Effective Instrument

HE Latin American Policy
Committee, begun as an ex-
periment in March, 1962, ap-
proaches its first anniversaryasa
very real and very effective instru-
ment of Department policy-making.
Essentially an _ inter-agency
group, the Committee studies coun-
tries or situations, formulates
policy on the basis ofthese studies
and follows up on the execution of
these coordinated policies by the
agencies concerned,

To succeed in sucha broad man-
date, the committee must, and does,
represent all agencies with major
policy interests in Latin America,

Chaired by Assistant Secretary
for Inter-American Affairs Edwin
M, Martin, the Committee includes
three other State Department of-
ficials—Walt W, Rostow, Counse-
lor of the Department and Chairman
of the Policy Planning Council;
Roger Hilsman, Director of In-
telligence and Research, and Ster-
ling J, Cottrell, the senior Deputy
Assistant Secretary of State for
Inter-American Affairs,

The White House is represented
by Special Assistants tothe Presi-
dent Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., and
Ralph Dungan. Other agencies in-
volved and their representatives on

LIMA--Dougles Henderson, Charge d’Affcires, .i., recently pre-
sented two-year Safe Driving Awards to Embassy chauffeurs. Left
vera; Luis Medrano; Alejendro Hvaman; Mr.

to right ere Antero Ri

24

the Committee are:

The United States Information
Agency Donald Wilson, Deputy Di-
rector, and Hewson Ryan, Assistant
Director for Latin America.

The Agency for International De-
velopment—Teodoro Moscoso,
United States Co-ordinator for the
Alliance for Progress, and Graham
Martin, Deputy U.S, Co-ordinator.

The Department of Defense—
Paul Nitze, Assistant Secretary for
International Security Affairs.

The Central Intelligence Agency
--Richard Helms, Deputy Director,

Understandably, the Department
of State serves as the fulcrum of
the Committee's activities—pro-
viding, under the direction of As-
sistant Secretary Martin, both the
Committee staff (W.L.S, Williams,
Executive Secretary, and Clint
Smith, Staff Secretary) and the
bulk of its staff studies and rece
ommendations. Meetings are gen-
erally held on a weekly basis.

Flexibility is a keynote of the
Committee's activities. Thus,
though the bulk of its work has
consisted of long-range country
studies, it also covers suchdivers
topics as the spectrum of our cul-
tural relations with Latin America

Henderson; Antonio de las Casas; Joseph S.

(a study which was coordinated by
Dr. Arturo Morales-Carrion,
Deputy Assistant Secretary).

“°C RasH" situations are also
provided for—such as the time last
April when a proposed strategic
study on Central America was
deferred in favor of an urgent
review of a potentially dangerous
situation in the Dominican Re-
public—with policy recommenda-
tions going forward to the Presi-
dent after a week-end of hard
work,

The Dominican problem also
provides an illustration of the
third Committee function—inas-
much as the policy formulations of
April have since been periodically
reviewed to ensure their effective-
ness and periodically revised to
ensure that the policies specified
meet current requirements of the
situation,

In any one of the situations out-
lined above, the presence of the
U.S. Ambassador to the country
concerned is always viewed as a
welcome addition to the Come
mittee's deliberations. In fact,
the Committee's schedule is some-
times changed to take advantage of
the presence in Washington of a
given ambassador,

Considerations of security pre-
clude a more detailed presenta-
tion of the Committee's activi-
ties, but it is worth noting that
its success is already winning for
it the flattery of imitation; staff
members report a growing num-
ber of inquiries from other areas
which are interested in adopting
the inter-agency Policy Come
mittee idea.

Sagona, Admini stra-
tive Officer; Redrigo La Torre and Maximo Flores. The pre-
sentations were made during the Embassy's Christmas party.

Department of State News Letter

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Cottrell Heads It

NEW CUBAN OFFICE
ADDED TO STATE

N a significant reorganization

move, the Administration last
month created the post of Coordi-
nator of Cuban Affairs in the De-
partment of State.

The new office is the focal point
for the development, coordination,
recommendation and execution of
all U.S. Government policies re-
lating to Cuba.

To fill the post, Secretary Rusk
appointed Sterling J. Cottrell, a
career Foreign Service officer
who also serves,
by recent appoint-
ment, as the sen-
ior Deputy Assist-
ant Secretary to
Edwin M. Martin,
Assistant Secre-
tary of State for
Inter-American
Affairs.

In discharging ”
his duties, Mr. Mr. Cottrell
Cottrell will have the assistance of
officers designated for that pur-
pose by other interested agencies
of the Government. A Coordinating
Committee, chaired by the Coordi-
nator of Cuban Affairs, will work
on problems relating to Cuba.

Mr. Cottrell, who assumed his
coordinating duties on January 8,
comes from the Bureau of Far
Eastern Affairs where he was
Deputy Assistant Secretary.

Emphasizing the reorganized ef-
fort in the handling of Cuban mat-
ters, the Department on January
16 announced the opening of an
office in Miami, Fla., to serve
as the local arm of the Office of
Coordinator of Cuban Affairs. In
charge of the Miami office is
John Hugh Crimmins, alsoacareer
Foreign Service officer.

Named to serve as Deputy Co-
ordinator in Washington was Rob-
ert A. Hurwitch, who had been
serving as Special Assistant on
Cuban Affairs to Assistant Secre-
tary Martin. Clint E. Smith has
been named Staff Assistant to the
new office's inter-agency Coordi-
nating Committee. Mr. Smith al-
so will continue to serve as Staff
Secretary of the Latin American
Policy Committee.

Working in the Coordinator's
office are Godfrey H. Summ, who
was Officer in Charge of Cuban

February 1963

Affairs in the Office of Carib-
bean and Mexican Affairs; Robert
T. Follestad, assistant OIC, and
Francis Barrett. Cuban affairs
were removed from the Office of
Caribbean and Mexican Affairs
when the Coordinator office was
established.

Mae. Cottrell, 48, joined the For-
eign Service in 1946. His early
posts included Bogota, Caracas,
Quito, Panama and Rio de Janeiro.
Following assignment to the De-
partment as the Brazil desk offi-
cer, he attended the Naval War
College in 1956. Since then his
posts have included Singapore,
Djakarta, and Taipei as Deputy
Chief of Mission.

In 1959 he was named Political

Adviser to CINCPAC at Honolulu
with the personal rank of Minister.
In 1961 he was named Director of
Task Force Vietnam and in 1962
was appointed Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Far Eastern Affairs
with Southeast Asia as his primary
area of responsibility.

Ma. Crimmins, 43, now is Di-
rector of Caribbean and Mexican
Affairs. He joined the Department
of State in 1946 and after a suc-
cession of posts inintelligence and
research was named first secre-
tary at the U.S. Embassy in Riode
Janeiro in 1957. In August 1961 he
became Deputy Director of the Of-
fice of Caribbean Affairs and in
February last year was named di-
rector of that office.

Mr. Hurwitch, 42, joined the For-
eign Service in 1950 and the follow-
ing year was assigned to Lima. He
was subsequently assigned to Ham-
burg, Bonn and Bogota before re-
turning to the Department in No-
vember 1960 as Officer-in-Charge
of Cuban Affairs. He was named
Deputy Director of the Office of
Caribbean-Mexican Affairs a year
ago and then special assistant on
Cuban affairs to the Assistant Sec-
retary in June 1962.

U.S. Trade Mission Finds Many
Opportunities in Europe

HE first industry-organized

trade mission from the U.S, to
explore overseas markets for con-
sumer goods—a team of men's
clothing manufacturers which
visited several European countries
in November and December—found
"many opportunities" for Ameri-
can participation in the expanding
European market for men's and
boys' wear.

The mission delivered its re-
port to Vice President Lyndon B,
Johnson and Secretary of Com-
merce Luther H, Hodges in Wash-
ington on January 31 and received
the thanks of both for the serv-
ices performed,

The mission's survey was cen-
tered on Belgium, France and Italy
and the Common Market and the
United Kingdom, Its purpose was
to determine trade opportunities,
present or potential; to study and
analyze, on the spot, the status
and trends in European manu-
facturing of men's and boys' wear;
and to assess the possibilities for
the promotion of American-made
apparel in those countries,

The mission was sponsored by
The American Institute of Men's
and Boys' Wear (AIMBW) which
in 1962 suggested to leaders of
the industry ''the paramount im-
portance" of taking a first-hand
look at the economies andthe male
apparel industry developments in
the European Economic Community
and the United Kingdom. Unlike
trade missions organized by the
Department of Commerce and
largely government-financed, this
mission was financed privately.

The formulation of plans for the
survey coincided with the Federal
Government's plans for the trade
expansion program, The AIMBW
advised the Departments of Com-
merce and State of its proposed
mission and received assurances
from both of their backing of the
project,

In proportion to population, Fed-
eral employment has decreased
significantly from 17 employees
for every 1,000 population a few
years ago to only 13 today.

Rowan to Head Finland Mission;

Will be Youngest Ambassador

President Kennedy on January 19
nominated Carl T. Rowan, Deputy
Assistant Secretary for Public Af-
fairs, as the new U.S. Ambassador
to Finland.

According to the office of the
Director General of the Foreign
Service, Mr. Rowan will be one
of the youngest Ambassadors in
the history of the United States and
the youngest currently to hold a
U.S. ambassadorial post.

In the Helsinki assignment Mr.
Rowan will succeed Ambassador
Bernard A, Gufler, a career dip-
lomat, who recently resigned the
post. Ambassador Gufler, who
served in Finland since March
1961, is being reassigned.

Mr. Rowan, 37, recently served
as a member of the U.S. delegation
to the 17th General Assembly ses-
sion of the United
Nations. He en-
tered the Depart-
ment in February
1961 after a
career as anews-
paperman, author
and lecturer.

Born in Ravens-
croft, Tenn., on
August 11, 1925,
Mr. Rowan served
in the U.S, Navy
during World War II, attaining of-
ficer rank at the age of 19. He
holds a bachelor's degree in
mathematics from Oberlin College
and a master's degree in journal-
ism from the University of Min-
nesota,

After leaving the University of
Minnesota, Mr. Rowan worked
briefly for the Baltimore Afro
American. From 1948 untilhis ap-
pointment as Deputy Assistant Sec-
retary for Public Affairs he worked
for the Minneapolis Star and Tri-
bune.

Mr. Rowan has won many high
honors. He is the only newspaper-
man to winthree successive annual
medallions from Sigma Delta Chi,
the Nation's leading organization of
professional journalists.

Mr. Rowan was cited as ''Min-
neapolis' outstanding young manof
1951" by the Minneapolis Junior
Chamber of Commerce and was
designated one of ''America's Ten
Outstanding Young Men of 1953" by
the U.S. Junior Chamber of Com-
merce. He holds honorary degrees
from Simpson College of Indianola,
Iowa; Hamline University of St.

26

Mr. Rowan

Paul, and Oberlin College, andwas
given a''distinguished achievement
award" by the Regents of the Uni-
versity of Minnesota.

He is the author of four books,
"South of Freedom," "The Pitiful
and the Proud,'' "'Go South to
Sorrow,"' and "Wait Till Next
Year.'' The first two placed on the
American Library Association's
annual list of "best books of the
year."

Mr. Rowan is married to the
former Vivien L. Murphy of Buf-
falo, N.Y. They have three children
-—Barbara, 18; Carl, Jr., 10 and
Geoffrey, 9.

Bingham Ranks as
Ambassador at ECOSOC

Jonathan B. Bingham, who was
recently named by President Ken-
nedy as the new U.S. Representa-
tive to the United Nations Eco-
nomic and Social Council, will have
the personal rank of Ambassador,
Department officials said.

Mr. Bingham, who previously
served as U.S. Representative and
President of the Trusteeship Coun-
cil with the personal rank of Min-
ister, has held many high posts in
the Department. From 1951 to 1953
he was Deputy Administrator of the
Technical Cooperation Ad-
ministration.

Post Changes

The United States andthe Yemen
Arab Republic agreed onFebruary
1 to raise their legations in Taiz
and Washington to embassies.

Parker T. Hart, Ambassador to
Saudi Arabia and to the State of
Kuwait, had also held the position
of Minister to Yemen. Pending the
assignment of an Ambassador to
the post, James N. Cortada, who
has most recently served in the
Department as Director of the
Office of Near Eastern and South
Asian Regional Affairs, has been
designated Charge d'Affaires, a.i.

Edward M. Korry,

Publishing Executive,
Goes to Ethiopia

President Kennedy on January
25 selected Edward M, Korry,
New York publishing and broad-
casting executive, as the new U.S,
Ambassador to Ethiopia. He will
succeed Ambassador Arthur L,
Richards, a career diplomat, who
served in the Addis Ababa post
since June 1960,

Mr. Korry, 41, has been Manager
of Special Projects and Assistant
to the President of Cowles Maga-
zine and Broadcasting, Inc., since
1960.

From 1943 to 1947 he served
in various news capacities at the
New York headquarters of the
United Press. Ir
1947 he joined the
London Bureau of
the United Press
as a correspond-
ent and remained
there until the fol-
lowing year when
he was named
Chief United Na-
tions Corre-
spondent for the
United Nations. Me. Kerry

After a short tour at the United
Nations Mr. Korry was assigned to
Belgrade where he servedas Chief
United Press Correspondent for
Eastern Europe.

In 1951 Mr.Korry became United
Press Manager for Germany andin
the next year he was named UP
Manager for France. In 1954 he
also became Chief United Press
Correspondent for Europe. From
1955 to 1960 Mr. Korry was Euro-
pean Editor of Look Magazine.

Mr. Korry has served on many
public boards and committees,
During the past year he was a
consultant to the Under Secretary
of State and served as a Public
Member of one of the Foreign
Service Selection Boards,

Mr. Korry is married to the
former Marian Patricia McCarthy
of Syracuse, N.Y. Mrs. Korry is
the granddaughter of the late Gov-
ernor Nathan Miller of New York
and a direct descendant of Benja-
min Franklin. The Korrys have
four children.

Rank of Minister

President Kennedy has accorded
the personal rank of Minister to
Francis T. Williamson during his
assignment as Deputy Chief of
Mission at Rome.

Department of State News Letter

ie

led
to
his
of

Charles Withers

Appointed First
Envoy to Rwanda

President Kennedy on January 19
named Charles D. Withers, cur-
rently a Foreign Service Inspector,
as the first U.S. Ambassador to
the newly independent African na-
tion of Rwanda.

Mr. Withers, a career Foreign
Service officer, entered the For-
eign Service in 1943 and was
later assigned as an economic
analyst at Leopoldville. He has
served in Bordeaux, Bombay, Dac-
ca, Karachi and in the Depart-
ment.

From 1957 to 1958 he served
as U.S. Consul General at Nairobi
and in 1960hewas mex
detailed tothe Im-
perial Defence
College in London.

Mr. Withers
was appointed a
Foreign Service
Inspector in Jan-
uary 1962.

Born in Green-
ville, S.C. on
April 15,1916, the
new Ambassador
received a bachelor's degree from
Washington and Lee University in
1937. Following his graduation he
was employed for two years in
private industry before accepting
employment with the Federal Hous-
ing Administration in 1940. He
served briefly as a business analyst
for the War Production Board in
1942. In 1948-49 he was detailed
to the U.S. Department of Com-
merce.

Mr. Withers marriedthe former
Jane Dunham in 1944,

Archibald Alexander
New ACDA Assistant

President Kennedy has selected
Archibald S. Alexander, former
Under Secretary of the Army, as
Assistant Director of the U.S.
Arms Control and Disarmament
Agency.

In his new post with ACDA Mr.
Alexander will be in charge of the
Agency's Economic Bureau, the
White House said.

Mr. Alexander, an attorney, has
served as Chairman of the Board
of Governors of Rutgers Univer-
sity since 1959, and as President
of the Free Europe Committee,
Inc., New York, since 1959. He was
a public member of the Foreign
Service Selection Boards in 1947.

Mr. Withers

February 1963

Merchant Leads U. $. Team

In Developing NATO Proposals

President Kennedy on January
24 announced that Career Ambas-
sador Livingston Merchant is head-
ing a team which will prepare and
negotiate U.S, proposals with re-
spect to the NATO multilateral
force.

The 59-yeareold Foreign Serv-
ice officer retired from active
service in May 1962 after more
than 20 years in the Department,
He was recalled by the President
to take the new assignment.

The President praised Ambas-
sador Merchant as "one of our
most distinguished diplomats,"

In his new assignment, the Am-
bassador also will assist U.S. Am-
bassador Thomas K, Finletter,
U.S. Representative to the U.S,
Mission to. the
North Atlantic
Treaty Organiza-
tion and European
Regional Organi-
zations in Paris,
in discussions in
the North Atlantic
Council.

The President
said:

"The negotia-
tions to be carried
out in conjunction with the study of
this subject in the North Atlantic

Mr. Merchant

Council are an outgrowth of the
agreement between myself and
Prime Minister Macmillan, at
Nassau on December 2lst, that our
two governments would seek the de-
velopment of a multilateral NATO
nuclear force in the closest con-
sultation with other NATO allies,"

Other members of the team will
be Gerard C, Smith, former As-
sistant Secretary for Policy Plan-
ning, and Rear Admiral John M.
Lee, representing the Department
of Defense.

Mr. Smith headed a State De-
partment-Department of Defense
mission which visited Europe to
discuss the problems of a multi-
lateral force with our allies in the
fall of 1962. Rear Admiral Lee
also participated in that mission,

President Kennedy said ''these
three principal negotiators will be
supported by an appropriate staff."

Ambassador Merchant has held
many high posts in the Department
and overseas. He served as As-
sistant Secretary of State for Euro-
pean Affairs, Under Secretary for
Political Affairs, and twice as U.S.
Ambassador to Canada. In 1958 he
was the recipient of the National

Civil Service League's career
service award for outstanding
achievement.

Gossett Appointed Herter Deputy

President Kennedy has nomi-
nated William T. Gossett, a Special
Assistant to the President, as
Deputy Special Representative of
the President for Trade Ne-
gotiations with the rank of Am-
bassador.

Mr. Gossett will serve as chief
deputy to Christian A. Herter,
former Secretary of State. As
Special Representative of the
President for Trade Negotiations,
Mr. Herter helps formulate policy
under provisions of the Trade
Expansion Act of 1962.

The two trade officials returned
early this month from an official
visit to Europe. In Brussels Mr.
Herter conferred with officials
of the European Economic Com-
munity, in Geneva with represen-
tatives of the General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade, and in Paris

with officials of the Organization
for Economic Cooperation and De-
velopment.

A lawyer, Mr. Gossett had been
engaged in trade expansion activi-
ties as a Special Assistant to the
President. Mr. Herter's deputy
has served as Vice President,
General Counsel, Director and as
a member of the Executive and
Administration Committees of the
Ford Motor Company since 1947,

His law practice, dating from
1929, included several years
(1943-47) as General Counsel for
the Bendix Aviation Corporation.

Mr. Gossett was born inGaines-
ville, Texas, on Sept. 9, 1904,

and was graduated from the Uni-
versity of Utah in 1925 and from
Columbia Law School in 1928. He
has received honorary degrees
from Coe College and Wayne Uni-
versity.

7

SO THAT THE PEOPLE MAY KNOW

Foreign Policy Conferences

Held in Kentucky, California

HE ninth in the State Depart-

ment's series of Regional For-
eign Policy Conferences was held
in Los Angeles on February 13
under co-sponsorship of the Los
Angeles World Affairs Council in
cooperation with Town Hall.

Secretary Rusk and AID Ad-
ministrator David Bell were among
a group of distinguished Govern-
ment spokesmen scheduled to ad-
dress the conference which con-
vened shortly before the News
Letter went to press.

Invitations to the conference had
been sent to representatives of the
press, radio and television media,
non-governmental organizations
concerned with foreign policy, and
community and business leaders
from Southern California, Arizona,
Hawaii, and Southern Nevada.

Others scheduled to appear on
the program included Paul H. Nitze,
Assistant Secretary of Defense for
International Affairs, and these
State Department officers:

Robert J. Manning, Assistant
Secretary for Public Affairs, G.
Griffith Johnson, Assistant Sec-

retary for Economic Affairs; Mrs.
Katie Louchheim, Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Public Services;
Herbert K. May, Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Inter-American Af-
fairs; J. Wayne Fredericks, Deputy
Assistant Secretary for African
Affairs; James P. Grant, Deputy
Assistant Secretary for Near East-
ern and South Asian Affairs, and
Robert Schaetzel, Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Atlantic Affairs.

Most of these officials also were
scheduled to appear at a Foreign

Policy Background Conference in
San Francisco the following day.
The conference was sponsored by
the World Affairs Council of North-
ern California in cooperation with
the Department.

Representatives of the press,
radio and television and nongov-
ernmental organizations concerned
with foreign policy from Northern
California were invited to attend.

The eighth regional conference
was held at Louisville December
10 and 11. There the event was

He spoke-- wait W. Rostow

co-sponsored by the University of
Louisville, The Courier-Journal,
and The Louisville Times.

The program, held at the Uni-
versity of Louisville, was ad-
dressed by George C. McGhee,
Under Secretary of State for Po-
litical Affairs; Walt W. Rostow,
Counselor and Chairman of the
Policy Planning Council; Assistant
Secretary Manning; Carl T. Rowan,

~Photos by Courier-Journal and Louisville Times

They listened-- University of Lovisville student audience ct Regional Foreign Policy Conference

LOUISVILLE CONFEREES--In this group discussion at the Regional
Foreign Policy Conference at Louisville are shown Sterling J. Cot-
trell, the senior nee Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American
Affairs; John P. Lovell and Sven Groennings, Instructors in Government

Continued from preceding page bama, Indiana,

sissippi, Ohio,

Kentucky,

at the University of Indiana; George C. McGhee, Under Secretary of
State for Political Affairs, and Arturo Morales-Carrion, Deputy Assistant
Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs. Conference co-spon-
sors were the University of Louisville and the Louisville newspapers.

Mis-

wide range of foreign policy is-
and

Deputy Assistant Secretary for
Public Affairs; Sterling J. Cottrell,
recently appointed senior Deputy
Assistant Secretary for Inter-
American Affairs; Mrs. Katie
Louchheim; Arturo Morales-Car-
rion, Deputy Assistant Secretary
for Inter-American Affairs, and
Adam Yarmolinsky, Special As-
sistant to the Secretary of De-
fense.

Despite heavy snow in much
of the conference area and icy
weather in Louisville, between 500
and 600 delegates, representing
news media, non-governmental or-
ganizations, and civic and business
leaders from seven states—Ala-

: _

TE ee
Yu

Tennessee,
West Virginia—came to Louisville
to hear the State and Defense De-
partment participants talk on a

erlying Reason

The regional conferences were be-
gun in July 1961 at San Francisco and
Denver to enable those who inform the
public on foreign affairs to hear and
discuss the issues directly with the
senior officers of the Department and
other agencies most responsible for
foreign policy.

er regional conferences have
been held at Kansas City, Dallas,
Minneapolis and St. Paul, Chicago,
and Toledo.

sues the first day.

The next morning, over 200
delegates joined in a round-table
discussion on communications be-
tween the Government and non-
governmental organizations andthe
public, chaired by Daniel W. Mon-
tenegro, Director of the Office of
Public Services.

The response to the conference,
as shown by the many letters re-
ceived afterwards, was highly
satisfactory. Many of those who
wrote expressed their apprecia-
tion for getting an insight into the
policies and problems of the De-
partment and for the opportunity
of hearing and seeing in person
some of the policy-makers, while
another called the program
"Democracy at work."

SINGAPORE--Consul General Sam P. Gilstrap recently presented
Length of Service Awards to members of the Consulate General
stoff. Shown, left to right, are: Lawrence A. Phillips, Consul,
12 years: Lovis C. SantaMaric, 12 years; Joseph J. Kozlowski,

a February 1963

General Services Assistant, 10 years; Mr. Gilstrap; Robert Don-
hauser, Deputy Principal Officer, 20 years; Stewart Adams,

15 years; Charles R. Putterbaugh, Communications Assistant,
10 years; Avtar Singh, 10 yeors, and Alec bin Alliman, 10 years.

DISARMAMENT DISCUSSION--This is how the camera showed Govern-
ment participants in a briefing on disarmament for educational television.
From left to right around the table: Roswell S$. Gilpatric, Deputy Secre-
tary of Defense; William C. Foster, Director, United States Arms Con-

STATE DEPARTM|
diag Lee

vey ae

STATE DEPARTMENT BRIEFING

70 TV Stations Use Disarmament Program

BOUT 70 television stations

around the country last month
broadcast an hour-long program
called "State Department Brief-
ing: Disarmament."

The program was the second
"State Department Briefing'' to
be produced cooperatively by the
Department and National Educa-
tional Television. The first, broad-
cast in September and October,
discussed "Five Goals of U.S.
Foreign Policy."

About half of the new program
was devoted to a briefing on arms
control and disarmament by
William C. Foster, Director, U.S.
Arms Control and Disarmament
Agency (ACDA); Roswell L. Gil-
patric, Deputy Secretary of De-
fense; and Arthur H. Dean, until
recently Chairman of the U.S.
Delegation to the 17-nation dis-
armament conference at Geneva.

The second half-hour offered an
unrehearsed discussion of sub-
ject by these governmental officers
and a group of private citizens,
including James B. Carey, Presi-

30

dent of the International Union of
Electrical, Radio and Machine
Workers; Luis F. Corea, Senior
Vice President, Riggs National
Bank; Mrs. Jesse Orlansky, Chair-
man of the Foreign Policy Com-
mittee, Washington, D.C., League
of Women Voters; Bernhard G.
Bechhoefer, attorney, author of
"Postwar Negotiations for Arms
Control"'; and Eric Stevenson, of
the International Studies Division,
Institute for Defense Analyses.

The discussion was moderated
by John Steele, Chief of the Time-
Life Washington Bureau.

Secretary Rusk closed the pro-
gram with a statement filmed in
advance in the Department's In-
ternational Conference Room. He
left the listeners with this warn-
ing:

''The question is not whether we
can end the arms race. We must
end it. Our very survival may de-
pend on it."

The State Department Briefing
programs are prepared for the De-
partment by the Office of Media

trol and Disarmament Agency, and Arthur H. Dean, until recently Chair-
man of the U.S. Delegation to the 17-nation disarmament conference at
Geneva. Standing is John Steele, Chief, Time-Life Washington Bureau.
A new TV briefing now in preparation concerns Red China and the U.S.S.R.

Services of the Bureau of Public
Affairs, (P/MS), headed by W.
D. Blair, Jr. The public affairs
staff of ACDA cooperated closely
in the broadcast on disarmament
with William J. Gehron as the
project officer. P/MS project of-
ficers included Miss Simone Pou-
lain and Mrs. Joan Ward.

Visuau support for the televised
briefing was prepared by Visual
Services Division (VS), Bureau of
Administration, with Miss Patricia
Poyma as coordinator. Cellomatic
projection slides and a handsome
set, reminiscent of rooms like
the Operations Center conference
and briefing room, were designed
for the program by Miss Nancy
Stinson of VS.

The text of the broadcast, which
is also being carried (sound only)
by a number of radio stations, is
available as an ACDA pamphlet
under the title, ''Arms Control and
Disarmament,"' and as Depart-

ment of State press release No.
20, of January 14.

Department of State News Letter

air-
> at
au.

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—

lic
Ww.
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ely
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cia
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No.

Two Campaigns
For Funds Set
For March-April

OVERNMENT personnel will

be canvassed during the period
March 1-April 15 for contributions
to the National Health Agencies and
the Joint Crusade.

Workers in the Department of
State are now being organized for
the campaign in Washington and a
joint appeal overseas to the For-
eign Service, the Agency for In-
ternational Development, the
United States Information Service
and the Peace Corps.

Vice President Lyndon Johnson
will be Honorary Chairman of the
1963 National Health Agencies Ap-
peal, and Attorney General Robert
F. Kennedy will again serve as
Chairman. W. Willard Wirtz, Sec-
retary of Labor will head the Joint
Crusade.

President Kennedy has warmly
endorsed both campaigns and has
appealed to Government workers
to support them. Campaign work-
ers will endeavor to give every
individual the opportunity to make
a voluntary contribution in cash
on a non-quota basis.

Included among the National
Health Agencies which derive funds
from this campaign are the Muscu-
lar Dystrophy Associations of
America, National Multiple Scle-
rosis Society, National Society for
Crippled Children and Adults,
United Cerebral Palsy Associa-

tions, American Cancer Society
and the American Heart As-
sociation.

Funds received through the Joint
Crusade go to CARE, Radio Free
Europe, and the American-Korean
Foundation.

In the Department, Secretary
Rusk is serving as Chairman of
the campaign and William H. Or-
rick, Jr., Under Secretary for
Administration, is serving as vice-
chairman. Frederick R. Carson,
a Foreign Service officer, is the
Department campaign coordinator.
Mr. Carson is assisted by Bryant
Buckingham, Foreign Service of-
ficer, and Frank Proctor, Employ-
ee Relations Assistant.

Bernard Rosen, Deputy Director
in the Office of Personnel, is
serving as a Special Assistant to
the Attorney General to help or-
ganize and conduct the National
Health Agencies drive in State,
AID, Arms Control and Disarma-
ment Agency and the Peace Corps.

February 1963

AMBASSADOR STEEVES AND DR. ANWARI

A U.S. Foundation Helps

Medical Research in Kabul

KABUL

MERICAN Ambassador John

M. Steeves recently pre-
sented a $12,000 check to Dr.
Mohammed Osman Anwari,
President of Kabul University,
as the initial portion of a grant
for medical research in the
field of abnormal hemoglobins.

The grant, which was made to
Kabul University by the Na-
tional Science Foundation of
Washington, D.C., is in recog-
nition of the work of Dr. Syed
Alef Shah Ghazanfar, Assistant
Director of the Department of
Biochemistry of the School of
Medicine of Kabul University.
Dr. Ghazanfar initiated re-

search in this field while a
graduate fellow at Harvard Uni-
versity, Cambridge, Mass. The
purpose of the grant is toassist
Kabul University in providing
laboratory and other facilities
for the continuation of this study
in Afghanistan.

In presenting the grant to Dr.
Anwari, Ambassador Steeves
expressed pleasure that an
American scientific institution
was not only participating in
furthering research projects at
the Kabul University but was
also facilitating independent
scientific work by an Afghan
medical scientist who had him-
self received considerable
training in the UnitedStates.

USIA Increases Chinese Broadcasts

The U.S, Information Agency has
consolidated the Chinese broad-
casts of its radio network, the
Voice of America, which are
beamed to Red China, South Asia
and Taiwan,

Mandarin language programs
will be extended from four anda
half to seven and a half hours
daily, a two-thirds increase,

The Republic of China has estab-
lished Mandarin as the official
national language. Mandarinis also
the language now used in schools,
universities and technical in-

stitutes in Red China. This means
that virtually all Chinese, particu-
larly the youth of China, who have
access to short wave radios will
be able to follow the VOA's Man-
darin broadcasts.

Radio is the only reliable means
available to USIA for reaching the
people of Red China regularly
with America's story. Through its
other media services—films, tele-
vision, publications, exhibits and
personal contact-—USIA reports
America and its policies to mil-
lions of people elsewhere.

31

Secretary Rusk chets with, from left to right, Representative
Robert Taft, Jr., and Representative Oliver Bolton, both of Ohio,
ond William C. Foster, Director, United States Arms Control and
Disarmament Agency. The briefing was commended by many present.

32

Secretory Rusk addresses new members of Congress at a recent foreign

policy briefing held at the Department of State. Other senior Deportment
officials joined in the briefing, a new undertaking which attracted more
then 50 new members of the House and Senate. A reception followed.

Three former Governors converse at Department reception. From

left: G. Mennen Williams, Assistent Secretory of State for Afri-
can Affairs; Senator Gaylord Nelson, of Wisconsin, and W. Averell
Horriman, Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs.

Department of State News Letter

Mrs. Rusk and wives of other high ranking Department offi- From Californie came these guests, Mrs. Robert Leggett and Mrs.
cials entertained wives of new Congressmen and Senators at a Ronald Cameron. The coffee was held in the John Quincy Adams
recent coffee. Mrs. Rusk is shown here greeting Mrs. Sam Gib- Room at the Department of State. Afterwards the ladies were taken
bons, of Tampa, wife of the Florida Representative,and their son Tim. on @ tour of the building. About 40 Congressional wives attended.

Wives of New

Congressmen
And Senators

Guests at State

In this group are
the wives of four new
Senators. Shown, left

te right, are Mrs. Abra-
ham Ribicoff, of Connec-
ticut; Mrs. Edward M.
Kennedy, of Massachu-
setts; Mrs. Rusk, Mrs.
Danie! Brewster, of Mary-
land, and Mrs. Birch
Bayh of Indiana

Ann Clark Nancy French

THE DISTAFF RECRUITERS

Wanda Lewis

Jocelyn LeMieux

Adele Lee

They Travel Far in Search of Girls for Foreign Service

Y do girls join the Foreign

Service? Why do they leave
comfortable homes, loved friends
and families to venture into the
scorching heat of Africa, or the
drenching rains of Thailand, or on
occasion the sun-drenched streets
of Rome?

The answer is not as simple
as you might expect. True, they
may seek adventure and travel,
or hope to meet and marry the
man! But more often they are
eager to make the world a better
place in which to live. They see
a need for their services and they
respond to that need.

These and other reasons bring
girls from small and large towns
all over the United States—first to
Washington and eventually tosome
300 posts around the world.

Few would expect one day to
find themselves in Foreign Serv-
ice "posts" right here inthe United
States~posts with American names
such as San Francisco, New York,
Atlanta, Chicago and Philadelphia!
But not so strange, five of our top
Foreign Service girls have been
on stateside assignments since
June of 1962. Their assignments ?
Recruiting Officers for the U.S.
Department of State in five dif-
ferent regions of the United States.

Ann Clark, headquartered in At-
lanta, Georgia, scours the "'Dixie"'
region ... interviewing, writing
letters, encouraging and arranging
for new entrants into the Foreign
Service Staff Corps. She brings to
her new post first-hand experience
gained in tours of duty on four
continents.

Her first assignment in Seoul,
Korea, was abruptly terminated
when Communist forces from North
Korea invaded the country to the
south. They crossedthe YaluRiver
and Ann crossed the international
dateline en route to Djakarta, In-
donesia. Politics there could never

34

be called calm and peaceful either!

Her tenure at our Embassy in
Rome coincided with the Trieste
riots. She arrived in Caracas,
Venezuela, in time to witness the
overthrow of the ruling dictator.
In telling gasping audiences about
her experiences, Ann shrugs casu-
ally and says, "The riots are al-
ways in another part of town...
I've been lucky, I guess, they never
hit me!

Rediscovering the true meaning
of personal freedom is the high-
light of Nancy French's ex-
periences overseas. Before re-
porting to her present assignment
in Chicago, her post was Prague,
Czechoslovakia. There she ex-
perienced first hand what it means
to live under a Communist regime.

She says, "It's an awesome ex-
perience. You really learn to love
the American way of life and ap-
preciate the full impact and mean-
ing of democracy. I was able to
contrast our way of life with daily
living under the Communists! re-
strictions which constantly con-
strain you.''

In just a few years, Wanda Lewis,
who now calls Philadelphia "home,"
has already traveled ‘round the
world. Many who are in the For-
eign Service can boast of this
distinction. For the Foreign Serv-
ice is exactly that ... service to
our country overseas, and this
means the whole world.

The most popular request for
a first assignment is Europe, and
Wanda had high hopes that this
would be possible in her case.
As it turned out, she was sent to
Rangoon, Burma. Today, after sub-
sequent assignments and exten-
sive travel in Europe, she says
she feels her heart really belongs
to the Far East.

She enjoyed the opportunities to
hear concerts and operas in cities

and countries where they were
first performed ... to see the
historical ruins and glittering
showplaces in the Western World
--. and to mingle with descendants
of people who first populated the
United States. However, she points
out to the young people she sees
every day that there are evenolder
ruins, and more cultured and
friendly people to be found in the
Pacific and Far East.

Recruiting Officers Joselyn Le
Mieux in San Francisco and Adele
Lee in New York—with a total of
ten overseas assignments between
them—also cherish their particu-
lar memories of peoples and
places, of working and living in
each locale. Each draws upon her
storehouse of memories in talking
to people who are interested in
the Foreign Servicemand each one
knows what life is really like over-
seas.

Even though these Foreign Serv-
ice girls have returned home to
the "States" they need a period of

transition ... for the language is
a new one ... one spoken by City
Editors, Feature Editors, and

Women's Editors—or by Program
Directors and Producers of tele-
vision and radio stations. Foreign
phrases such as "Auf Wiederse-
hen," "Stil vous plait," "Come e
sta," and ''Sayonara'' are put aside.
Now they learn the new language of
their recruiting trade: "copy," and
"30," and "spots" are some of the
working words of their new vocabu-
lary.

Frontier zones and international
flights have been replaced by state
lines and suitcase jaunts from one
recruiting city to another. Criss-
crossing state lines in the United
States is far simpler than crossing
from one country to another. Yet
these recruiting "jaunts" can be
more arduous than some of the
most difficult overseas assign-

Department of State News Letter

= ey

Tw VF OSS eS YY

ments—particularly when you're
loaded down with recruiting para-
phernalia.

Agrivinc at the new recruiting
city, each Recruiter contacts rep-
resentatives of the various media.
She schedules personal interviews
and appearances on television
shows; tapes announcements for
radio; and is interviewed by
Women's Editors to spread the good
news of what life is like in the
Foreign Service.

At local State Employment Serve
ice offices or the U.S. Civil Serv-
ice Commission Office she sets
up shop. Then begins the task of
interviewing those who have been
attracted by the advance publicity

. people of all ages and social
background who come in to see the

Lecture Series
At Agriculture
Open to Public

A series of weekly lectures on
current issues is being offered by
the Graduate School, U.S, Depart-
ment of Agriculture, during Feb-
ruary and March. The public is
invited to attend without charge.

The lectures, part of the Criti-
cal Issues and Decisions Execu-
tive Training Program, will be
given on Thursdays from 1:30 to
2:30 p.m, in the Thomas Jeffer-
son Auditorium, U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Independence Ave-
nue, between 12th and 14thStreets,
S.W.

Stephen K, Bailey, Dean of the
Maxwell School of Citizenship and
Public Affairs, Syracuse Univer-
sity, opened the series on Febru-
ary 7 with a lecture on ''Economic
Growth and Our Responsibilities
Abroad."' Donald N, Michael, Di-
rector of the Peace Research In-
stitute, Washington, was scheduled
to speak on February 140n'‘tWork,
Technology, and Leisure,"

Other speakers in the series in-
clude Harold Taylor, educator,
"The Closed and the Open Society,"
February 21; Henry Steele Com-
mager, Professor in the Depart-
ment of American Studies, Amherst
College, "Can Democracy Pro-
duce Excellence?,"' February 28;
Peter H, Odegard, Head of the
Department of Political Science,
University of California, ''Execu-
tive Secrecy?,"' March 7, and Wil-
liam M. Birenbaum, Dean, The New
School for Social Research, New
York, "Aesthetics Versus Utility,"
March 14,

February 1963

Recruiting Officer ... whocome to
find out what the Foreign Service
is all about.

Those who for one reason or
another cannot go abroad learn
about opportunities in the "home
office," in the Department of State
in Washington, D.C. Written tests
and medical examinations are ad-
ministered after the initial inter-
view.

After a background examina-
tion is completed andtravel orders
are received these new Foreign
Service recruits report to Wash-
ington, D.C., eager to start ona new
life filled with adventure and travel
—and filled, too, with a sense of
satisfaction that they serve their
country.

Meanwhile, the Recruiting Offi-
cer, after a week or two or some-

S part of its continuous effort

to make assignments as far in
advance as feasible, the Office of
Personnel announced on January
15 the list of officers to be as-
signed to Advanced Career Train-
ing for the academic year 1963-
64, beginning in August and Sep-
tember.

The assignment list included the
following:

NATIONAL WAR COLLEGE
Fort McNair, Wash., D.C.

Christian Chapman, Charles
Cross, Joseph Donelan, Adolph
Dubs, Howard E, Furnas, Robert
Gordon, Joseph Greenwald, Edward
Masters, Albert Mayio, Adrian T.
Middleton, Thomas Recknagel,
Charles Stefan, Emory C. Swank,
Viron Vaky, George S. Vest.

SENIOR SEMINAR IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Foreign Service Institute

William O. Anderson, William
Buffum, Frank Cash, William
Chapin, Richard T. Davies, Robert
Hurwitch, George R. Jacobs, Mar-
shall P. Jones, Julius L. Katz,
Ruth H. Kupinsky, Chris G, Pet-
row, Frank D. Taylor, Margaret
Tibbetts, William Witman, Chal-
mers Wood.

IMPERIAL DEFENCE COLLEGE
London, England

Galen L. Stone.

47 Officers Assigned
To Advanced Career Training

times even longer of intensive
campaigning and _ interviewing,
picks up and goes on to a new
location in her region. Broad-
casters and editors have been
alerted to her coming. There she
repeats the whole process allover
again. And yet it seems like a new
story each time it's told. Posters,
scripts, and press releases
brochures, pamphlets, and applica-
tion forms ... these are her new
passports!

Travel in the Foreign Service,
yes! Meeting new people with dif-
ferent backgrounds, yes! So with a
ready smile these Recruiting Of-
ficers go on their 24-hour rounds:
telling you about and showing you
the work that must be done beyond
our borders to make things safe
here at home.

BOWIE SEMINAR (HARVARD)
Cambridge, Mass.

David E. Mark, Lewis M. Pur-
nell.

CANADIAN DEFENCE COLLEGE
Kingston, Ontario

William M, Johnson.

NATO DEFENSE COLLEGE
Paris, France

Edward W. Burgess, Richard
G. Johnson.

INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE
OF THE ARMED FORCES
Fort McNair, Wash., D.C.

John Mellor, William A. Root,
Charles G. Wootton.

NAVAL WAR COLLEGE
Newport, R.1.

John M. Howison, Walter E.
Jenkins, Dayton S. Mak.

ARMY WAR COLLEGE
Carlisle Barracks, Pa.

LeRoy Percival, Sydney Sober,
Francis T. Underhill.

AIR WAR COLLEGE
Maxwell AFB, Montgomery, Alc.

Sandy M. Pringle, Kingdom W.
Swayne.

35

ee oe ee ee ee ee 2 ee oe ee

ton, Inspector General; Samvel

of Rwanda; Robert M.

FOREIGN SERVICE INSPECTORS were photographed in the Benjemin
Franklin Room while in Washington for their annual meeting in Jan-
vary. Seated, left to right, are Jeremiah J. O'Connor, Randolph
A. Kidder, Edward G. Cale, J. Paul Borringer, Norris S. Hesel-
D. Boykin,
Charles D. Withers, newly-cppointed Ambassador to the Republic
Marr. Standing are Clarence E.

e
<
é

a
o.
=

— : P . ES YF \,

CO
pat S Yaad Ly>
e tar i

od i

Rufus Burr Smith,

Birgfeld,

Robert C. Brewster, Edward W. Harding, Jemes W. Pratt, Jos ve
Bortos, Theo E. Hall, Lee B. Blanchard,
Crawford, Herbert Reiner, Jr.
Asa L. Evans, and William é. Affeld, Jr. Donald M. Ralston was
absent when the photograph was taken. The Inspectors retumed to
Washington to review recent developments and to attend briefing ses-
sions on policy trends, in preparation for their 1963 inspection tours.

Perry H. Culley, John E.
D. Merle Walker, Peter J. Skoufis,

F.S. Inspectors Conclude Briefing Sessions

HE Foreign Service Inspection

Corps has concluded its annual
January briefing sessions, meeting
in a final session with Secretary
Rusk, who charged the inspectors,
as his personal representatives,
with a variety of responsibilities
ranging from an over-all appraisal
of U.S. Government effectiveness
in the field to the resolution of
personal grievances.

Members of the Corps had had,
in addition, a series of meetings
with Deputy Under Secretary Wil-
liam H. Orrick, Jr., Assistant Sec-
retary William J. Crockett, Direc-
tor General of the Foreign Serv-
ice Tyler Thompson, and the As-
sistant Secretaries and Deputy As-
sistant Secretaries of the various
regional, functional and admin-
istrative bureaus andtheir key staff
members, in addition to repre-
sentatives of the Departments of
Commerce and Labor.

In all these sessions, as well
as throughout the Inspection Corps!
internal training and discussion

%

meetings, emphasis was given to
the improvement and refinement
of new inspection procedures in-
troduced on a trial basis in eight
inspections at the end of 1961 and
used in all of the 113 posts in-
spected during 1962.

The new procedures, which in

essence substitute post checklists
and brief problem statements for
the often lengthy ''Statements to
Facilitate Inspection’ formerly
required, stress a pre-inspection
self-audit conducted by the post
itself. The inspection report also
has been shortened, allowing the

1963 INSPECTION SCHEDULE

With the conclusion of their
annual January briefing ses-
sions the 16 inspectors have
now departed for the first posts
on their 1963 schedules. During

the ten months ahead, their
itineraries are to take them to
some 80 or more posts inSene-
gal, Togo, the Congo, Ruanda,
Burundi, Angola, Mozambique,
the Rhodesias, Malagasy, Tan-
ganyika, Zanzibar and Sudan in
Africa; Greece, Cyprus and
Turkey in the Near East; Ire-
land, Luxembourg, Russia, Bul-

garia, Rumania, Hungary, Po-
land, Czechoslovakia, Yugosla-
via, Malta, Netherlands, Ice-
land, Germany and Italy in the
European area; and Peru,
Dominican Republic, Jamaica,
Venezuela, Brazil and Mexico
among the American republics,
This year's inspections cover
what to the Inspection Corps
seems a relatively small geo-
graphical area, since no Far
Eastern posts and only seven
NEA posts are included in 1963's
projected itineraries.

Department of State News Letter

inspectors more time to assist
posts in improving their opera-
tions and to give counsel and guid-
ance to Foreign Service personnel.

In line with the Department's
efforts to decentralize authorities
and delegate responsibilities to
overseas posts, the Inspection
Corps is ascribing increased im-
portance to effectiveness, ef-
ficiency, initiative and judgment
rather than to mere compliance
with Departmental instructions and
requirements.

C onsERABLE attention has
been given alsoto improvements in
the format of the inspection re-
ports, which must meet the needs
of a diverse audience.

In addition to the inspected posts
themselves, which of course re-
ceive copies of the reports, the
eventual Washington end-users of
various portions of the report
range from the 7th floor to the
basement of the Department, and to
outside agencies as well.

For this reason the report is
divided into two major portions,
one a four to ten-page Evaluation
of Post, summarizing the in-
spectors' findings, designed pri-
marily for officers in the executive
levels, and the other a series of
functional sections consisting of
the statements of post problems
and the inspectors' comments and
recommendations, intended for the
more specialized end-users.

Receiving their initial briefings
on inspection procedures were five
Foreign Service officers recently
assigned for a tour of duty in
the Inspection Corps. These are
Clarence E, Birgfeld, previously
minister-counselor of the U.S.
Mission to the European Come-
munities, Brussels; Edward G,
Cale, minister-counselor in Mexi-
co; Theo E, Hall, administrative
counselor, Taipei; Randolph A.
Kidder, political counselor, Paris;
and Rufus Burr Smith, economic
counselor, New Delhi. In addition,
two former inspectors have re-
turned to the Inspection Corps:
John E, Crawford, previously ad-
ministrative officer at Lagos; and
D. Merle Walker, Deputy Director
for Foreign Buildings.

In addition to those listed above,
the following are continuing their
assignments as Foreign Service
inspectors: J. Paul Barringer, Lee
B. Blanchard, Samuel D. Boykin,
Robert C. Brewster, Perry H.
Culley, Asa L. Evans, James W.
Pratt, Herbert Reiner, Jr., and
Peter J. Skoufis. Directing the
group from Washington head-
quarters are Inspector General
Norris S. Haselton and Executive
Officer Robert M. Marr.

February 1963

SIGNIFICANT step in recog-

nizing the 'new diplomacy" is
reflected in revised regulations
governing the Department's poli-
cies for granting diplomatic and
consular titles.

The changed regulations are the
result of an intensive examination
of the title structure of all over-
seas posts by an inter-agency study
group. Representing State, AID
and USIA, the Title Study Group
decided, after months of delibera-
tion, that "the basic criterion for
the granting of diplomatic or con-
sular titles should be whether the
officer needs it to function ef-
fectively."

The chief of mission or princi-
pal officer of a consular post,
the Group concluded, is in the best
position to determine suchneed.

The work of the Group repre-
sents the first solution to the
problems of title structure created
by multi-agency representation
abroad.

The principal features of the
revised regulations are:

-—The official needs of the of-
ficer or the post will be the basic
factors in deciding whether a spe-
cific title will be authorized. None
will be granted for personal, social
or financial benefits. The Ambas-
sador is given the "conclusive
voice'' to decide whether the cri-
teria for title need has been satis-
fied.

They are applicable to all of-
ficers in the Foreign Service—
FSOs, FSRs or FSSs, including
those appointed by USIA and AID.

~—The Ambassador is given the
authority to control and manage

“New Diplomacy” Recognized
In Granting Titles and Rank

the diplomatic list so that all
agencies represented in his mis-
sion are equitably placed.

The regulations also set ont
guidelines for justifying the use
of a title. Generally the following
officers will receive titles:

An officer inthe ForeignServ-
ice, other than one who is an
ambassador, minister or counseé-
lor, who is assigned to atop super-
visory position of a major sec-
tion or program activity.

-—Any other officer who is en-
gaged in a diplomatic or consular
function where the effective per-
formance of his duty requires a
close and consistent pattern of
contacts with foreign officials.

—-Any officer whose need for
it to perform effectively is ap-
parent to the Ambassador.

TrapiTIonaLLy the use of a
title was restricted to diplomats
in their roles of representing,
negotiating, protecting and re-
porting. The "new diplomacy,"
recognized by the 1961 Vienna
Convention, broadens this tradi-
tional concept of the diplomatic
mission to include the roles of
developing economic, scientific
and cultural relations. It is this
new concept of diplomacy, ushered
in by the post war world, which
provided the philosophic spring-
board for the Title Study Group's
conclusions.

The members of the Title Study
Group were: Jules Bassin, State;
Harold Dickinson, USIA; Peter
Uihlein, AID, and staff member
Daniel Sprecher, State.

President Calls Attention To New Ethics Law

President Kennedy has re-
emphasized that all Govern-
ment officials and employees
"must act withintegrity, im-
partiality and devotion tothe
public interest,"

The President's words
were contained in a memo-
randum sent to the heads of
all Executive departments
and agencies and calling at-
tention to legislation effec-
tive last month which re-
vises and strengthens laws

relating to bribery and con-
flict of interest of Govern-
ment personnel.

The memorandum re-
quested each department and
agency to review its regula-
tions covering conflicts of
interest and ethical conduct
to insure that they are con-
sistent with the new law and
that they make full use of
its provisions for the em-
ployment of outside experts
with appropriate safeguards,

FOR PRESIDENTIAL GUESTS

Official Visit Policy Altered;
Allows Two Days in Washington

HE Department on January 2

announced a new policy for
State and Official Visits to per-
mit President Kennedy ''to con-
tinue to see and talk to as many
world figures as his heavy sche-
dule in 1963 permits."

The official visits may iast up
to 10 days—2 days in Washington,
and up to 8 elsewhere in the
United States, under the new policy.

The Department will continue to
announce itineraries in the sched-
uling of the official State and
Presidential Guest Visits as the
scheduling becomes firm. The
White House itself, however, will
announce the acceptance of the
President's invitations after the
guest actually replies to the Chief
Executive and confirms the date.

The first two distinguished for-
eign visitors of 1963 were Amintore
Fanfani, Prime Minister of the
Italian Republic, who spent 4 days
in the United States, visiting Wash-
ington, Chicago and New York from
January 15 to January 19 and
Carlos Manuel Muniz, Minister of

FOREIGN MINISTER MUNIZ

Foreign Affairs of the Argentine
Republic, who arrived in New York
on January 19 at the invitation of
Secretary Rusk, conferred with
high officials in Washington, and
then returned to New York on
January 24 for additional activities
which were arranged on his be-
half by the Argentine Embassy.

Looking after distinguished
guests—and scheduling their visits
to the United States—is the task
of the Department's busy Office of
the Chief of Protocol, headed by
Angier Biddle Duke. Mr. Duke's
principal aide in charge of official
foreign visits is Samuel L, King,
Assistant Chief of Protocal for
Visits and Public Events,

Me. Duke, Mr. King, andasmall
staff map out the State and official
functions, luncheons, dinners, and
receptions given by President Ken-
nedy, Vice President Lyndon B,
Johnson, Secretary Rusk, and other
high-ranking officials of the U.S,
Government, and plan and arrange
other activities for the guests.

Generally the President gives
a State Dinner for his guests at
the White House on the first night
in Washington and Secretary Rusk
gives a State Dinner on the second
night. The President usually
attends a luncheon tendered by the
guest in return.

Other events include receptions,
wreath-laying ceremonies, visits
to national shrines and art gal-
leries, luncheons by various civic
and national organizations, an ad-
dress to the Congress or to other
groups, such as members of the
National Press Club, and press
conferences,

The Chief of Protocol and his
top aides work closely with offi-
cials of the White House, State
Department, and foreign embas-
sies, They also contact city and
state officials throughout the coune
try in an effort to present the best
possible ''American image" to the
guests,

Days of conferences go into
planning an official visit, But mak-
ing the schedule is only part ofthe
job.

The Office of the Chief of Proto-
col prepares countless charts, dia-

grams, floor plans, seating ar-
rangements, pronunciation lists,
fact sheets, biographic data, in-
structions to key officials and or-
ganizations, pointers on protocol,
and scores of pages of "admin-
istrative arrangements,"

For example, the State visit of
His Imperial Majesty, Mohammad
Reza Shah Pahlavi, Shahanshah of
Iran, and the attractive Empress
Farah to the United States in
April 1962 required months of in-
tensive planning—and a detailed,
minute-by-minute book of "ad-
ministrative arrangements" which
covered 234 mimeographed pages,
single spaced.

Every detailesecurity, proto-
col, transportation, logistics, in-
vitations, press coverage, music,
flowers, seating arrangements,
hotel accommodations, sightsee-
ing, honor guards—had to be co-
ordinated.

Last year 49 foreign guests
visited the Nation, They included
an Emperor and an Empress, a
King, a Queen Mother, Princes
and Princesses, Chiefs of State,
Presidents, Prime Ministers,
Chancellors, Foreign Ministers,
heads of international organiza-
tions, and other leaders from va-
rious areas of the world,

All were personally received by
President Kennedy at the White
House. Many were guests of honor
at dinners given by President and
Mrs. Kennedy and Secretary and
Mrs. Rusk,

PREMIER FANFANI

Department of State News Letter

A Reception for
NATO Ambassadors

A RECEPTION honoring NATO Ambassadors was
held in the diplomatic entertainment area of the
Department of State on January 11. Some 600 persons
attended. Hosts at the reception were The Yale Club of
Washington and Ambassador and Mrs. Angier Biddle Duke.

<> Secretary Rusk chats with R. Dennison Coursen, Presi-
dent of The Yale Club of Washington, and Mrs. Coursen.

q

Ambassador Duke and Mr. Coursen greet Sir Ormsby
Gore, British Ambassador to the United States

.

<> Dr. J. Herman van Roijen, Netherlands Ambasse-
der, and Mrs. van Roijen, chet with Mr. Coursen.

»

Ambassador Georges Heisbourg, of Luxembourg, and Mrs.
Heisbourg are shown as they arrived at the reception.

CAMERON HEADS DELEGATION

U.N. Vienna Conference Will

Consider Consular Rules

OR the first time the tradi-

tional customs and practices
of consulates are expected to be
governed by a single set of inter-
national rules as the result of a
United Nations Conference con-
vening in Vienna next month.

The U.N, General Assembly has
invited all its member states to
send delegates to Vienna's Neue

Hofburg for the
event. The U.S.
will send a 10-
member dele-
gation, headed by
the Department's
Warde M. Came-
ron, Assistant
Legal Adviser for
Administration
and the Foreign
Service, and made
up of individuals
in the Department and abroad who
are experienced in various phases
of the consular function.

At Vienna, the delegates are ex-
pected to formulate rules binding
the States in their consular rela-
tions. It will be the first time this

Mr. Cameron

has been attempted since con-
sulates were first calledinto prac-
tice by the roving merchants of the
Feudal Age.

There is, for example, no uni-
versally accepted rule regarding
the appointment and recognition of
consular officers or naming
classes of consuls or the status
the various classes of consuls en-
joy once they have been received
by a state.

A SIMILAR convention held in
Vienna in 1961 was called to adapt
already established rules on dip-
lomatic intercourse and immuni-
ties to modern conditions. Although
consulates are an older institution
than the permanent diplomatic mis-
sion, they have not been given the
same recognition by either of the
two Congresses of Vienna. A patch-
work of rules, varying from country
to country, now governtheir status.
The Conference, beginning
March 4 and expected to last about
six weeks has a two-fold task: it
must first establish what the rules
governing consular _ relations
should be, and then codify them.

Most countries now carry on con-
sular relations in accord with what
each consider to be the interna-
tional custom and practice or pur-
suant to bilateral treaty. The first
treaty signed by the U.S. with a
foreign power, the 1778 Treaty of
Amity and Commerce withFrance,
made provision for regulating con-
sular functions and set the pre-
cedent for later treaties with con-
sular provisions. The only multi-
lateral treaty containing consular
provisions which the U.S. ratified
is the Habana Treaty of 1928, to
which many of the Latin American
countries are party.

AGREEING on a firm setof rules
governing consular practices and
immunities, however, will be more
difficult than the 1961 agreement
on diplomatic practice and immuni-
ties, since local as well as na-
tional governments are concerned.

The question of codifying con-
sular rules, which like Topsy "'have
just growed" was first raised at
the League of Nations in 1928,
But the subject never got beyond
the asking.

It was again brought up at the
first meeting of the International
Law Commission, an organ of the
U.N. in 1949. Consular intercourse
and immunities was one of 14 top-
ics considered suitable for codi-
fication. The International Law
Commission in 1961 adopted the
draft articles which will be the
basis for the work of the Vienna
Conference.

[ satire 2" BUSINESS

to welcome Mr. Locke and Mr.
Cutler, both outstanding men in
their professions, whose judgment
and experience will indeed be very
helpful."

Mr. Randall, before retiring
from business in 1956, was Presi-
dent and Chairman of the Inland
Steel Co. He was selected by the
National Association of Manu-
facturers as Man of the Year (1952);
by the National Sales Executives as
Business Statesman of the Year
(1954); and received the Captain
Robert Dollar Memorial Award of
the National Foreign Trade Coun-
cil. In Government, Mr. Randall
served as consultant to the former
Economic Cooperation Admin-
istration, as a member of the De-
partment of Commerce's Business
Advisory Council, and as Special
Assistant to President Eisenhower
on Foreign Economic Policy. He

most recently served as Chair-
man of President Kennedy's Ad-
visory Panel on Federal Pay Sys-
tems.

Edwin Allen Locke, Jr., has had
a long and distinguished career in
business, banking and government.
He is presently president and di-
rector of Union Tank Car Co. of
Chicago, and director of the Fed-
eral Home Loan Bank, Harris
Trust and Savings Bank, Zonolite
Co. and the Nalco Chemical Co.
He served earlier in the Paris
and London branch offices of the
Chase National Bank and was later
the bank's vice-president. During
the war he held prominent posts
in the government and was made
personal representative and
special assistant to the President
from 1945 to 1947. From 1951-53
he served as Special Representa-
tive of the Secretary of State with
the rank of Ambassador.

Lloyd M. Cutler is a partner in
the lawfirm of Wilmer, Cutler and
Pickering, Washington, D.C. Mr.
Cutler has held various assign-
ments with the Government. During

the war he held high posts withthe
Lend Lease Administration and was
later associated with the State
Department as Foreign Liquidation
Commissioner for Latin America.
In 1950, he was part-time adviser
to the U.S. Representative, North
Atlantic Production Board, London,
and in 1952 was staff adviser to
the Brownell Committee to pre-
pare reports on operation and or-
ganization of Government commu-
nications intelligence activities.
His most recent service was as
Chairman, last year, of the '"' Tight-
rope Committee,'' which prepared
a report for the Federal Aviation
Administrator.

Ambassadors Confer

Six Ambassadors of the United
States in Central America and
Panama met in San Salvador late
last month for a discussion of
problems of regional interest with
officials of the Department of State
and the Agency for International
Development.

Department of State News Letter

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page 10

hovering over Africa, seeking to
expand its foothold in the western
hemisphere.

We must be equally determined,
equally enduring, equally in-
genious. We must be prepared to
stick to this job for as long as our
national interests are threatened,
as long as our security is chal-
lenged.

We must learn as we go to be
more efficient in our operations.
We must concentrate our efforts
where they will do the most good,
and eliminate marginal activities.
We must obtain increased contri-
butions to the common cause from
the other developed nations of the
world.

In these and other ways we must
work unceasingly to get maximum
returns at minimum cost. We must
be prudent and frugal in our man-
agement of foreign aid funds—as
in every other program involving
the use of public funds.

But we must never lose sight of
the fundamental fact that what we
are doing through our programs of
military and economic aid to under-
developed countries, is helping to
wage the epic battle of our time—
the battle between freedom and
communism. We can win that
struggle—if we are prepared to
sustain a wholehearted effort
throughout the years of the com-
munist challenge.

EMPLOYEE AWARDS--Jomes R. Johnstone, Deputy Assistont
for Foreign Buildings,recently presented Length of Service Awards to sta
members in an office ceremony. Left to right are Salvatore DiGiacomo,

February 1963

Quarters Allowance “Freeze”
Will End April 14

FFECTIVE Aprill4,all over-

seas employees receiving a
living quartersallowancewill be
paidtheallowance under the flat
rate system initiatedtwo years ago
in the Standardized Regulations
(Government Civilians, Foreign
Areas).

The flat rates of April 1961 were
set at $100 less than the then exist-
ing ceilings for each quarters
group. This was to prevent an in-
crease in the cost to the Govern-
ment of installing the new plan, be-
cause many employees were draw-
ing living quarters allowances at
less than the ceilings.

To provide a transition period
in which employees could make
other housing arrangements if they
chose, the amounts of quarters al-
lowances then being paid employees
were "frozen" for a maximum of
two years. Thus employees gen-
erally continued to receive the
same allowances as previously,
regardless of the new flat rates.
Some of these "frozen" allow-
ances were above the new flat
rates, others below it.

The end of the two-year transi-
tion or "freeze" period means that
now the "frozen" living quarters
allowances of employees will be
adjusted generally to the flat rates
established for the post. There will

20 years;
10 years; Ruth E. Cu

be small reductions for some em-
ployees (in most cases a maximum
of $100 a year) and possible in-
creases in allowance for others
previously ''frozen'' below the flat
rates.

The reasons for installing the
flat rate living quarters allowance
system in 1961 were: 1) toattempt
to reduce the upward spiraling of
rents, 2) to enable employees to
offset out-of-pocket expenses in
one set of quarters by pocketing
the difference between the al-
lowance and the costs of lower-
priced quarters which they may oc-
cupy at another time, and 3) to sim-
plify administration.

Circular Airgram CA-7398,
dated January 15, notified all posts
of impending revisions to the
Standardized Regulations (GCF A)
to make the changeover to the flat
rate system complete. It stated that
all provisions relating to ''frozen''
rates of allowance would be
deleted. Posts were asked to in-
form employees of the change and
to determine whether the em-
ployees would receive the flat rate
or alesser amount. Authorizing of-
ficers will continue to have discre-
tion in granting living quarters al-
lowances smaller than the flat
rates when they believe the latter
are not appropriate.

Alma P. Nichols, 20 years; Mr. Johnstone; Catherine Mike,

les, 20 years, and Gerard A. Fearon, 10 years.

Net shown is Dorothy Campbell, who received a 20-year Service Award.

4l

lOO Countries
Will Get US.
History Books

More than 250 law libraries of
the Supreme Courts, legislative
bodies, universities and Bar groups
in over 100 countries will receive
in the near future copies of two
important books on the background
of United States law and institu-
tions.

The gifts, through the United
States Information Agency, were
made possible by the American
Bar Foundation and the 1907 Foun-
dation. The latter is a private
charitable enterprise of Philadel-
phia, Pa.

The two volumes, "Sources of
Our Liberties" and "Milestones to
American Liberty,'' which have
been on the recommended reading
list for USIA overseas libraries
since 1959, now also will be avail-
able to this group of law libraries
in countries around the worldfrom
Afghanistan to the West Indies.

The gift of the 800 volumes re-
sulted from a suggestion made by
Attorney General Robert F.
Kennedy to Bernard G. Segal of
Philadelphia, chairman of the
Standing Committee of the Federal
Judiciary, at the annual meeting of
the American Bar Association in
San Francisco in August.

The books are documentary an-
thologies of American History.
Quoting basic sources and sup-
plying interpretative commentary,
Milton Meltzer, author of ''Mile-
stones to American Liberty," chose
51 ''freedom papers,"' ranging from
the Mayflower Compact of 1620 to
Franklin D. Roosevelt's Four
Freedoms speech of 1941 and
President Kennedy's Disarmament
Doctrine address tothe UNin1961.
Illustrations serve to place these
documents in historical per-
spective.

In "Sources of Our Liberties,"
author Richard L. Perry, dealing
with the Colonial period and the
early days of the Republic, has
gathered the major legal sources
of individual liberties as expressed
in the U.S. Constitution and the
Bill of Rights. His collection is a
comprehensive presentation of the
basic charters of liberty that are
the bulwark of all American citi-
zens.

About 2,154,000 Federal eme-
ployees or about 90 percent of all
in Government are under the Civil
Service Retirement System,

42

NEW APPOINTMENT--E. Bruce Miller (2d from right) was recently sworn in as Civil Air At-
tache, Neirobi. With Mr. Miller from left are Angier Biddle Duke, Chief of Protocol; Alan S.
Boyd, CAB Chairman, and Philip H. Trezise, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Economic Affairs.

International Civil Aviation Program

Will Be Strengthened, Expanded

The international civil aviation
program, now carried out by the
Department, will be strengthened
and expanded under the terms of
a memorandum of understanding
signed last month with the Civil
Aeronautics Board andthe Federal
Aviation Agency.

The understanding calls for co-
operation between the Department
and the two agencies in recruit-
ment, selection and training of
candidates for Civil Air Attache
positions, and the expansion of
the program to new locations,
mutually agreed upon.

E. Bruce Miller, the newest
Civil Air Attache, assigned to
Nairobi last month, was nomi-
nated to the post under the terms
of the understanding. Mr. Miller,
a 20-year career employee of CAB
and former chief of the Agency's
Trunkline Section, will have re-
gional responsibilities for civil
aviation affairs covering East and
South Africa.

Another Civil Air Attache, re-
cruited from the Federal Aviation
Agency, will be assignedtoanewly
established regional post in Lima
later this month.

Civil Air Attaches are now serv-
ing at regional posts in London,
Paris, Beirut, and Lagos. Another,
not having regional responsibili-
ties, is serving in Bonn. Trans-

portation and Communication Of-
ficers report on civil aviation
matters at anumber of other posts.

The inter-agency agreement was
developed by a group made up of
representatives of the Department,
CAB and FAA. They were Gus
Velletri, State; Ernest Lister,
State; Richard O'Melia, CAB; Ray-
mond Maloy, FAA, and Howard
Helfurt, FAA. It was signed by
Deputy Under Secretary for Ad-
ministration William H. Orrick,
Jr., CAB Chairman Alan S. Boyd
and FAA Administrator N, E. Hala-
by.

Williams in Africa
For 3-Week Visit

G. Mennen Williams, Assistant
Secretary of State for African
Affairs, left Washington Febru-
ary 1 on a three-week trip to Al-
geria, Nigeria, Republic of Con-
go—Leopoldville, Southern Rho-
desia, Northern Rhodesia, Nyasa-
land, and the United Arab Republic.

He planned to discuss aspects of
the United States African policy
with government and political lead-
ers, consult with members of U.S.
Embassies and Consulates, and
meet with American businessmen
and other U.S. citizens.

Department of State News Letter

Bethe ets

ic.

icy
ad-
.S.
and
nen

son natn mn

an MRC ERIE AP

;

Delaney Named
Coordinator of
Labor Affairs

EORGE P. Delaney was named

by the Secretary last month to
the newly confirmed Office of the
Special Assistant to the Secretary
and Coordinator of International
Labor Affairs.

The Office, which was first es-
tablished in March, 1961, has been
vacant since the resignation last
May of Gordon Chapman. It is the
central point in the Department for
advice and co-
ordination on la-
bor matters.

The wide range

of the Depart-
ment's activities
having important

international la-
bor aspects will
be coordinated by
Mr. Delaney's of-
fice and those la-
bor matters rang-

Mr. Delaney
ing outside the Department af-
fecting U.S. foreign policy will be
referred to it.

Mr. Delaney, former Special As-
sistant to the Department of La-
bor's Assistant Secretary for In-
ternational Labor Affairs and later
Special Assistant to Labor Secre-
taries Goldberg and Wirtz, recog-
nizes labor as a '"'political force"
whose growing trends must con-
tinually be brought to the attention
of Secretary Rusk.

The Special Assistant will main-
tain liaison with the American
labor union leadership atthe policy
level, keeping it informed of in-
ternational developments of in-
terest to it, and seeing that its
views are effectively presented to
the Department. He will maintain
liaison as well with the interna-
tional labor movement, advising
on problems, and preparing recom-
mendations to meet existing or
anticipated labor problems.

Mr. Delaney will also be active
in handling interagency labor
matters. He will coordinate the

A Navy engineer, Arden L, Bur-
nett,
award in the Federal service dur-
ing fiscal year 1962—$7,455 for his
drydock lock that saved the Gov-
ernment more than $5 million in
the first year alone.

February 1963

received the highest cash _

substantive policy aspects of the
Labor Attache program within the
Department and with the Depart-
ment of Labor and provide policy
guidance to the Agency for Inter-
national Development. His Office
will represent the Department on
interdepartmental task forces con-
cerned with international labor
affairs and will advise the Secre-
tary on substantive labor problems
arising in the ILO and other in-
tergovernmental organizations. In
addition he will perform special
assignments on international labor
matters on behalf of the Secretary
and the Department.

Mr. Delaney's Deputy is Arnold
Zempel. He was formerly assigned
as labor attache to USRO.

Ma. Delaney, before joining the
Department of Labor in 1959, was
an ofticial ot the International
Molders Union and for ten years
was international representative
of the AFL-CIO. He recently made
trips to Africa and he has visited
Latin America on many occasions.
He was a delegate to the founding
conference of the International
Confederation of Free Trade
Unions (ICF TO).

OLSO--Orville H. Goplen, USIS (left), and John G. Piercey, American Embassy Labor
Attache (center) participate in a labor seminar. Caption material did not identify third man.

U.S.-Sponsored Seminars Draw

39 Norway Labor Leaders

OSLO

Thirty-nine labor leaders from
12 north Norway cities and com-
munities participated in labor
seminars co-sponsored by USIS
Oslo and the Embassy's Labor
Attache at Rundhaug, near Bardu-
foss, and at Saltfjellet, near Bod¢.
At both seminars, John C.
Piercey, Labor Attache, gave
two lectures: one on Wage Policies
in the USA and another on US For-
eign Policy. Orville H. Goplen,
USIS Information Officer, spoke on
Economic Developments inthe USA
under the New Frontier. Arne
Kristiansen, the Labor Attache's
Assistant, lectured on US Social Se-
curity Program. All lectures were
in Norwegian, and were followed by
a question and answer period. Each
seminar featured a social evening

during which both American and
Norwegian labor songs were sung.
The USIS films, Steel Workers’
University Institute and The Wall,
were also shown.

The Workers' Education Office
at Bod¢, which selected the par-
ticipants for the Saltfjellet con-
ference, reported that 60 labor
union representatives had come-
peted for the 20 openings at that
seminar,

The Embassy team was required
to field questions on many topics,
including: Explanation of U,.S,-
China policy, U.S, support of dic-
tators in Spain and Portugal, ra-
cial discrimination in the U,S.,
three-party labor negotiations,
U.S, standard of living, women in
industry, and the extent of social
security in the U.S,

43

Removals: H.R. 1898 (Rivers),
to provide that any Federal
employee who refuses to answer a
question of a committee of the
Congress with respect to Com-
munist, Communist-front, or sub-
versive affiliations, shall be re-
moved immediately from the po-
sition or office held by him—House
Post Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

Retirement--Civil Service: H.R.
337 (Hagen), H.R. 327 (Gilbert)
and H.R. 718 (Multer), to grant
civil service employees retire-
ment after 30 years' service—
House Post Office and Civil Serv-
ice Committee.

H.R, 124 (Siler), S. 176 (Johns-
ton) and H.R. 1785 (Farbstein), to
provide for retirement on full an-
nuity at age 55 after 30 years
of service—Senate and House Post
Office and Civil Service Com-
mittees.

H.R. 2345 (Lankford), to autho-
rize retirement with reduced an-
nuity at age 55 with 25 years of
service—House Post Office and
Civil Service Committee.

H.R. 719 (Multer), to authorize
retirement without reduction in an-
nuity and regardless of age, of em-

ployees who have completed 40
years of service—House Post Of-
fice and Civil Service Committee.

H.R. 190 (Lesinski), S.125 (Wil-
liams) and H.R. 1057 (Cramer),
to eliminate the reduction in an-
nuity elected for a spouse when
such spouse pre-deceases the per-
son making the election—Senate and
House Post Office and Civil Serv-
ice Committees.

S. 126 (Williams), to eliminate
the provisions requiring termina-
tion of annuities of surviving wid-
ows or widowers upon remarriage
—Senate Post Office and Civil
Service Committee.

H.R. 192 (Lesinski), to provide
that accumulated sick leave be
credited to retirement fund—House
Post Office and Civil Service Com-

mittee.
H.R. 375 (Lesinski) and H.R.
2343 (Lankford) to provide that

accumulated sick leave be credited
to the retirement fund or that the
individual be reimbursed~House
Post Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

Social Security: H.R. 1788 (Farbe
stein), to caoetle coverage under
the old-age survivors, and -dis-
ability insurance system for all
officers and employees of the

United States andits instrumentali-
ties—House Ways and Means Com-
mittee.

State: S. 66 (Smathers), to enable
Secretary of State to make such
changes in the higher ranking per-
sonnel of the Department as he
deems advisable-—Senate Foreign
Relations Committee.

H. Res. 67 (Rogers), to create
a select committee to investigate
personnel and procedures in the
Department of State of the United
States—House Rules Committee.

H.Res. 55 (Morgan), authorizing
the Committee on Foreign Affairs
to conduct a full and complete in-
vestigation of matters relating to
the laws, regulations, directives,
and policies including personnel
pertaining to the Department of
State—House Rules Committee.

Taxes, Income: H.R. 464 (Cra-
mer) and H.R. 811 (Multer), to
amend the Internal Revenue Code
to provide that annuities under the
Civil Service Retirement Act shall
not be subject to the income tax—
House Ways and Means Committee

H.R. 533 (Multer), to exempt
from income tax, annuities and
pensions paid by the United States
to its employees—House Ways and
Means Committee.

SAN JOSE--Ambassador Raymond Telles presents Braille watches to four blind Costa Ricans.
The watches were donated by a private American firm and sent to Costa Rica by the
Inter-American Relations and Commerce Commission of San Antonio, Texas.--USIS photo.

Department of State News Letter

~-- ate.

Deena sa

[ sentsan*" ] ROUNDUP

(Magnuson), a bill to create a
distinguished decoration to be
known as the Washington Order of
Merit-—Senate Banking and Cur-
rency Committee.

S. 289 (Scott et al), a bill tofur-
ther amend the Peace Corps Act
(75 Stat. 612), as amended to pro-
wide for the awarding of a medal
to be known as the ''Peace Corps
Medal''Senate Foreign Relations
Committee.

Employees Compensation Act:
H.R. 1607 (Glenn), a bill to amend
section 40 of the Federal Employ-
ees' Compensation Act with re-
spect to the determination of
monthly pay~House Education and
Labor Committee.

H.R. 2346 (Lankford), a bill to
amend the Federal Employees!
Compensation Act so as to permit
injured employees entitled to re-
ceive medical services under such
act to utilize the services of chiro-
practors-—-House Education and
Labor Committee.

Employee Organizations: H.R,
1656 (Karth), H.R. 1683 (Olsen),
and H.R. 2342 (Lankford), a bill to
authorize the withholding from the
pay of civilian employees of the
United States the dues for mem-
bership in certain employee or-
ganizations—House Post Office and
Civil Service Committee.

Flag: H.J. Res. 33 (Johansen), a
bill providing for the prominent
display of the flag of the United
States of America on or near
diplomatic establishments of the
United States in foreign countries
-—House Foreign Affairs Com-
mittee.

Foreign Service: H.J. Res. 51
(Rhodes) and H.J. Res. 101
(Rogers), a bill providing for a
study to be conducted to determine
and report to the Congress on ways
and means of expanding and mod-
ernizing the Foreign Service of the
United States—House Foreign Af-
fairs Committee.

Foreign Service Academy: H.R,
510 (Multer), a bill to establish a
Foreign Service Officers' Training
Corps—House Foreign Affairs
Committee.

S. 15 (Symington), a bill to
establish a National Academy of
Foreign Affairs—Senate Foreign
Relations Committee.

H.R. 877 (Cramer), to provide
for the establishment of a U.S.
Diplomatic Academy—House For-
eign Affairs Committee.

H.R. 4 (Zablocki), H.R. 299
(Broomfield), H.R. 321 (Dwyer),
H.R. 875 (Conte), H.R. 1116 (Reuss)
and H.R. 1782 (Farbstein), to es-
tablish the U.S. Academy of For-

February 1963

eign Affairs—House Foreign Af-
fairs Committee.

S. 32 (Smathers), H.R. 878 (Cur-
tin), H.R. 970 (Younger) and H.R.
1122 (Rodino), to provide for the
establishment of a U.S. Foreign
Service Academy—Senate Foreign
Relations and House Foreign Af-
fairs Committees.

Health Benefits: S. 127 (Wil-
liams), to amend the Federal Em-
ployees Health Benefits Act of 1959
so as to eliminate any discrimina-
tion against married female em-
ployees—Senate Post Office and
Civil Service Committee.

H.R. 1058 (Cunningham) andH.R.
1819 (Olsen), to amend the Federal
Employees Health Benefits Act of
1959 to provide additional choice of
health benefits plans—House Post
Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

H.R. 1672 (Morrison), to extend
health benefits to survivors of an-
nuitants who died before April 1,
1948—House Post Office and Civil
Service Committee.

H.R. 1684 (Olsen), to extend the
benefits of the Retired Federal
Employees Health Benefits Act to
certain retired employees entitled
to deferred annuity-~House Post
Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

Holidays: H.J. Res. 84(Gilbert),
declaring the first Tuesday after
the first Monday in November in
each even-numbered year to be
a legal public holiday—House
Judiciary Committee,

S. 108 (Williams) and H.R. 1118
(Rodino), making Columbus Day a
legal holiday—Senate and House
Judiciary Committees.

H.J. Res. 118 (Rivers), declaring
Good Friday in each year to be a
legal public holiday—House Ju-
diciary Committee.

H.R. 598 (Stratton), to provide for
uniform annual observances of cer-
tain national holidays on Monday—
House Judiciary Committee.

Insurance: S. 124 (Williams) and
H.R. 1671 (Morrison), to modify the
decrease in group life insurance
at age 65 or after retirement—
Senate and House Post Office and
Civil Service Committees.

H.R. 1670 (Morrison), to amend
the Federal Employees' Group Life
Insurance Act of 1954, as amended,
so as to provide for an additional
unit of life insurance~House Post
Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee

Leave: H.R. 374 (Lesinski) and
H.R. 1689 (O'Neill), to amend the
Annual and Sick Leave Act of
1951, to increase the annual and
sick leave which may be earned
and accumulated by officers and
employees of the Federal Govern-
ment~—House Post Office and Civil
Service Committee.

H.R. 367 (Keogh), granting leave
of absence to postal employees on
account of death in family—House
Post Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

H.R. 722 (Multer), to provide
that certain Government officers
and employees shall be excused
from duty for a sufficient period
of time to vote in elections—
House Post Office and Civil Serv-
ice Committee.

H.R. 1152 (Thompson), to amend
the Annual and Sick Leave Act of
1951 to provide additional oppor-
tunity to employees to use their
annual leave in certain cases, and
for other purposes—House Post Of-
fice and Civil Service Committee.

H.R. 1823 (Pelly), to amend the
Annual and Sick Leave Act of 1951
to prevent loss of annual leave by
employees in certain cases, and
for other purposes—House Post
Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee.

Miscellaneous Civil Service:
H.R. 10 (Beckworth) and S. 14
(Randolph), to extend the apportion-
ment requirement in the Civil
Service Act of January 16, 1883
totemporary summer employment,
and for other purposes—Senate
and House Post Office and Civil
Service Committees.

H.R. 720 (Multer), to provide for
the separation from the service of
certain Government employees who
have unpaid judgments against
them, and for other purposes—
House Post Office and Civil Serv-
ice Committee.

H.R. 2344 (Lankford), to amend
the Civil Service Act of January 16,
1883, to eliminate the provisions
of section 9 thereof concerning two
or more members of a family in
the competitive civil service
House Post Office and Civil Serv-
ice Committee.

Nepotism: H.R. 1134 (Smith), to
prabthit- nepotism in Government
employment, and for other pur-

poses—House Post Office and Civil
Service Committee.

Political Activity: H.R. 555
(Multer), H.R. 2340 (Lankford) and

S. 379 (Beall), to amend the pro-
visions of law relating to political
activity by Federal employees--
Senate Committee on Rules and Ad-
ministration and Committee on
House Administration.

Reduction in Personnel: H.R.
1035 (Bow), H.R. 1043 (Cederberg)
and H.R. 1085 (Haley), to help main-
tain the financial solvency of the
Federal Government by reducing
nonessential expenditures through
reduction in personnel in various
agencies of the Federal Govern-
ment by attrition, and for other

purposes~House Post Office and
Civil Service Committee.

45

A UNITED NATIONS PROJECT

UNCAST Brings New Aid
To Less Developed Areas

HE industrialized nations are

now sharing their scientific
and technological knowledge in un-
precedented measure with the less
advanced nations of the world.

This is the significance of a
meeting in Geneva where a hundred
United States delegates, appointed
by the Department of State, are in
conference with nearly 2,000 others
from 80 countries.

The convocation is known of-
ficially as the United Nations Con-
ference on the Application of
Science and Technology for the
Benefit of the Less Developed
Areas (UNCAST). It began onFeb-
ruary 4 and will continue through
the 20th.

The conference was called by
the United Nations Economic and
Social Council in a _ resolution
sponsored by five nations, includ-
ing the United States, and adopted
unanimously in August, 1961.

President Kennedy, in a pre-
conference statement, viewed the
undertaking in this light:

"It is the first major interna-
tional effort to focus on the very
complex problem of how best to
adapt and transfer some of the
huge inventory of technology ac-
cumulated over the years in the
industrialized world to the im-
mediate problems of the newly
developing countries.

"There are no pat solutions to
this problem. Our delegation there-
fore will approach the economic
and social problems of growth in
the full spirit of scientific in-
quiry. Yet there is no reason why
developing nations have to make
the same mistakes made by the na-
tions which industrialized early—
no reason why our great body of ad-
vanced technology should not be
brought to bear so the newly-de-
veloping nations can leap-frog in-
terim stages in the process of
modernization.

"Second, I wanted to express my
deep appreciation for the outstand-
ing cooperation and contributions
of the private scientific community
of the United States in preparing
for this conference. At least three
hundred scientists, technicians and
development experts in private life
have taken part in these prepara-
tions—by mobilizing scientific

%

talent, by preparing conference
papers, and by serving as con-
sultants.

"Approximately sixty of these
leaders from a dozen major fields
of activity will go to Geneva, along
with some forty representatives of
the technical and development
agencies of government, as mem-
bers or advisers to our distin-
guished delegation.

"This is a splendid example of
public-private collaboration in
support of a major goal of our for-
eign policy. I sincerely hope that
this forecasts a progressively
deeper involvement, not only
of the scientific community but of
other elements in our society, in
the most constructive task of our
age—helping the other two-thirds
of the world to provide quickly the
material basis of a decent life
for all."

Mr. Cleveland Dr. Wiesner

Mr. Coffin

Secretary Rusk has cited three
major reasons why the Department
considers the Geneva meeting of
unusual significance:

"First, the highest ambition of
the leaders of two-thirds of the

(see UNCAST, next page)

Report on Assistance Programs
Expected Next Month

The Committee to Strengthen the
Security of the Free World, ap-
pointed by the President in De-
cember to review the U.S. fore
eign assistance program in the
light of U.S. national security in-
terests, completed its first meet-
ing on January 28.

The five-day meeting, under the
chairmanship of General Lucius
Clay, considered the military as-
sistance program, the Alliance for
Progress, and aid programs for
Africa, the Near East, the Far
East, South Asia, and Europe.

Also studied were AID private
enterprise programs, aid efforts
of other countries, the propor-
tionate burden of economic aid
and defense expenditures carried
by U.S. allies, the work of inter-
national aid agencies, including
UN organizations, and the Food
for Peace program.

Tentative conclusions concern-
ing the U.S. foreign aid program
were made by the Committee in

a number of areas, after hearing
the testimony and the questioning
of witnesses appearing jointly from
the State Department, the Agency
for International Development, the
Department of Defense, and other
agencies concerned.

No public report of the Com-
mittee's deliberations will be
made, however, until the group
reports to the President in mid-
March.

The Committee will meet again
in Washington for five days from
February 21 through 25, to ex-
amine the aid program further,
hear debate on its tentative
propositions, and reach its final
conclusions. Meanwhile, a num-
ber of reports are being pre-
pared on matters raised in the
course of testimony before the
Committee at the meeting just
concluded. Individual members al-
so will pursue subject areas of
special interest to them in the
interim.

Department of State News Letter

Dp 0a ga

HOM

(Continued from preceding page)

world's population is for rapid
modernization of their own socie-
ties. That is why we in the in-
dustrialized parts of the world
must be able to say just what we
have learned about science and
technology, and about the building
of institutions that can help the
developing countries to modern-
ize in a hurry. The United States
must naturally be a leader in this
effort.

“S Econp, the developing nations
are creating a variety of institu-
tions and services, public and
private, to meet their own needs.
The open societies in the in-
dustrialized world have them-
selves invented a broad variety of
public and private institutions to
guide their economic and social
growth. We need to bring this ex-
perience together for study by the
developing nations, as they decide
how they are going to train and
organize men and women for rapid
development.

"Third, we still have much to
learn about how to fashion new
kinds of institutions, appropriate
to developing nations, by com-
bining our technology with their
local cultural raw materials. The
UNCAST conference will afford
an opportunity to pioneer in joint
exploration of practical ways to
adapt technology and institutions
from one cultural and technical
environment to another.

"For these

reasons we con-
sider this conference a highly
significant exercise in interna-
tional cooperation. It is an excel-
lent example of what can be done,
within the United Nations, to fur-
ther the purposes of the UN Dec-
ade of Development."

Tue problems of applying scien-
tific and technological advances to
the economic and social develop-
ment of emerging nations are being
considered by the Conference
under 12 general categories:

Natural Resources; Human Re-
sources; Agriculture; Industrial
Development; Transport; Health
and Nutrition; Social Problems of
Development and Urbanization; Or-
ganization, Planning and Program-
ming for Economic Development;
Organization and Planning of Scien-
tific and Technological Policies;
International Cooperation and
Problems of Transfer and Adapta-
tion; Training of Scientific and
Technical Personnel; Communica-
tions.

More than 1,800 papers were
accepted by the Conference. Of

February 1963

$68,800,000 IN FARM COMMODITIES

Food for Peace Agreement
Signed by US., Israel

FOOD for Peace agreement

between the United States and
Israel—providing for the sale of
$68,800,000 worth of various ag-
ricultural commodities, mainly
wheat, feed grains and vegetable
oil—was recently signed inthe De-
partment by Phillips Talbot, As-
sistant Secretary for Near East-
ern and South Asian Affairs, and
Avraham Harman, Israeli Ambas-
sador.

This agreement, which includes
ocean transportation costs, pro-
vides for shipment of wheat and
vegetable oil over a 3-year period,
and other commodities over a 2-
year period.

It was negotiated under Title I
of U.S. Public Law 480. The agree-
ment is the latest of a series of
Title I PL 480 agreements with
Israel and brings the total amount
of such agreements with that coun-
try to $290,800,000 since 1955.

According to officials of the
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
the agricultural commodities that
have been made available to Israel
under this program have helped the
Government of Israel to discon-
tinue the rationing of foods and
have made possible an increase in
food consumption and an improve-
ment in the diet of the Israeli

people.

FOOD FOR PEACE--Assistant Secretary Phillips Talbot, NEA, extreme right, and Israeli
Ambassador Avraham Harman hold copies of the new U.S.-Israeli agreement which they signed.
Looking on are, left to right, Adin Talbar, Economic Counselor, Israeli Embassy, Washington;
Richard Reuter, Special Assistant to President Kennedy and Director of Food for Peace; and
Aryeh Manor, Economic Minister, Israeli Embassy. The agreement, providing for the sale
of $68,800,000 of various commodities, is one of a series between the two countries.

these, 138 were submitted by the
United States. Delegates were to
take part in 96 scheduled sessions
during the 14 working days of the
conference. Three plenary ses-
sions were to be held in addition
to a general session for each of
the 12 major topics of the agenda.

Chairman of the U.S. delegation
is Dr. Walsh McDermott, Livings-
ton Farrand Professor of Public
Health and Chairman of the De-
partment, Cornell University
Medical College, New York, N.Y.

Among the other delegation
representatives are Harlan
Cleveland, Assistant Secretary of
State for International Organiza-
tion Affairs; Dr. Leona Baum-
gartner, Assistant Administrator
for Human Resources and Social
Development, Agency for Inter-
national Development (AID); Frank
M. Coffin, Deputy Administrator
for Operations, AID, and Dr. Je-
rome B. Wiesner, Special As-
sistant to the President for Sci-
ence and Technology.

47

President Sets
Up Physical
Fitness Council

RESIDENT Kennedy has estab-

lished the President's Council
on Physical Fitness "to foster
improvements in existing pro-
grams and promote additional ef-
forts to enhance the physical fit-
ness of Americans,"

In an Executive Order on Jan-
uary 9, the President pointed out
that "there is a close relationship
between physical fitness and intel-
lectual vigor and moral strength,"
He noted that the physical fitness
of its citizens is a concern of the
government at all levels, as well
as a responsibility of the family,
the school, the community, and
other groups and organizations.

The new Council will enlist the
"active support and assistance" of
individual citizens, civic groups,
professional associations, private
enterprise, voluntary organiza-
tions, and other groups.

It will also ''seek to coordinate,
stimulate, and improve the func-
tions of Federal agencies with
respect to physical fitness,"

Indian Art Will
Be Shown at State

The STATE-USIA Recreation
Association is collecting original
paintings done by American Indian
government work-
ers in and around
the Washington
area for an art
show illuminating
and commemorat-
ing American In- ;
dian art.

The art show
will take place
March 4-9 in the
State Department
Exhibition Hall
and will be climaxed by a pro-
gram of original American Indian

dances and songs on Saturday
evening, March 9 in West Audi-
torium.

Indian artisits who would like to
show their work are asked to get
in touch with Mike Roy (Chair-
man) USIA—Graphics Room 222,
1776 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.,
Telephone: 182-3536 or 182-2493.
Deadline for entering art work

is February 28.
ar

Health Program Begun
For Senior Officers

S part of a Government-wide
program to safeguard the health

of key executives, the Department's
Medical Division is now giving
periodic examinations to senior
officers in State, AID, and USIA.

Known as Executive Medical Ex-
aminations, the comprehensive
tests include laboratory studies,
chest X-rays, and electrocardio-
grams.

The Executive Medical Exami-
nations do not replace the regular
bi-annual Foreign Service exami-
nations and other routine tests
given by the Medical Division.

According to Dr. Lewis K. Wood-
ward, Jr., Chief of the Medical
Division, the new program '"'should
permit the recognition of any ad-
verse medical conditions at an
early stage, and provide anoppor-
tunity for control of any existing
medical problems."

"The program is not designed
to supplant the senior officer's
regular relationship with his own
doctor, but rather to supplement
it,''| Dr. Wood ward explained." The
Department recognizes that its key
executives serve under conditions
of stress and tension, and feels
a responsibility to watch over their
health and to keep them in tip-top
condition so they are in shape to
do their job."

C omMeENTING on the new pro-
gram, William H. Orrick, Jr.,
Deputy Under Secretary for Ad-
ministration, praised the Medical
Division's initiative.

Mr. Orrick said the program
is comparable to the measures
taken by leading corporations to
protect the health of top execu-
tives.

"I might add that our long-stand-
ing procedures for emergencies
continue as before,'' he said. "If
any officer or employee while at
work requires emergency medi-
cal care because of illness or
injury, the Medical Division will
take prompt action in providing
necessary medical attention and
arranging for admission to a local
private hospital, if indicated."

Persons eligible to participate
in the Executive Medical Exami-
nations include the Secretary, the
Under Secretaries, the Deputy
Under Secretaries, and Assistant
Secretaries. Other key officials,
such as the Deputy Assistant Sec-

retaries, will probably be included
later.

In announcing the establishment
of the examinations for senior of-
ficers, the Medical Division pointed
to a recent article in the Journal
of the American Medical Asso-
ciation (Oct. 20, 1962) which com-
pared findings in periodic health
examinations of physicians and
dentists and executives.

Approximately one-half of the
individuals in each group were
found to have significant unknown
disease. Gastrointestinal and car-
diovascular diseases accounted for
more than one-half of the new
major diseases.

Thirty-eight percent of the total
defects needed treatment in the
professional group of 68 active
physicians and dentists, as com-
pared to only 23.9 percent of the
diseases found in the group of 500
executives.

The authors of the article, Dr.
John C. Sharpe and Dr. William
W. Smith of Beverly Hills, Calif.,
said that "in a recent analysis of
the results of our periodic health
examinations of apparently 'well'
business executives, we were im-
pressed with the amount of early,
Significant, and unsuspected
disease that was detected."

The authors concluded that "in
an effort to detect early, unsus-
pected, and often major disease,
there is no sound reason why a
physician should not have a com-
plete and periodic physical, lab-
oratory, and X-ray examination
and thereby apply this knowledge
to the preservation of his own
health."

CU Opens One-Man
Office in Los Angeles

The Department's Bureau of
Educational and Cultural Affairs
has opened a "'one-man'' office in
Los Angeles.

FSO Anthony Starcevic, who has
served in 11 posts abroad and as
an international administrative of-
ficer and interpreter in the De-
partment, has been assigned as
Director of the new office.

The office will assist foreign
visitors and students, function as
a clearing house of information,
and represent CU in educational
and cultural affairs.

Department of State News Letter

a i a ae” ae

— as

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of
irs
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FSI Receives
Teaching Film Gift

Five films entitled 'Principles
and Methods of Teaching a Second
Language" were presented to the
Foreign Service Institute on Jan-
uary 16.

The presentation was made by
Dr. Arthur Adams, former presi-
dent of the American Council on
Education, on behalf of the Mod-
ern Language Association of
America, the Center for Applied
Linguistics, and Teaching Film
Custodians, Inc.

In making the presentation, Dr.
Adams pointed out that the pro-
duction of this series of films was
a pioneer effort, employing the
devices of film, such as pho-
tography, sound and animation in
presenting linguistic principles and
the application of these principles
to teaching both foreign languages
and English as a second language.

Dr. Adams cited the contribu-
tion made by members of the In-
stitute staff who served as con-
sultants and advisers. Among these
were Dr. James R. Firth, James
C. Bostain, Dr. Eleanor H. Jor-
den, Dr. Earl W. Stevick, Dan
Desberg, Allan Kulakow and Dean
Howard E, Sollenberger. In ex-
pressing his appreciation for the

85 Civil Servants
Voted Outstanding in 1962

The Department's Performance
Rating Committee held ten meet-
ings during 1962 and voted out-
standing performance ratings for
85 civil service employees, rang-
ing from grades 2 to 18 and repre-
senting 15 areas as follows: A--12;
AF--8; ARA--3; CU--5; E--4; EUR
--8; FE--4; FSI--1; INR--16; IO
--2; L--3; NEAe-2; P--2; S/S--5;
SCA--10,

That areas are giving closer
attention to this important em-
ployee recognition is demonstrated
by comparison of 1962's total of 85
outstanding ratings, with 1961's
total of 58.

Herman Pollack, Deputy As-
sistant Secretary for Personnel,
has urged all supervisors to make
a conscientious effort to identify
those employees whose perform-
ance merit recognition and to take
the time to prepare the justifica-
tion.

"Our goal should be to know the
criteria for this recognition and
to award it whenever deserved,
tather than to limit it,'' Mr. Pol-
lack said.

February 1963

FILM GIFT--Dr. Arthur Adams (right center) presents one of the language films to George A. Morgan,
Director, Foreign Service Institute. Looking an are Tyler Thompson (left), Director General of the
Foreign Service, and Howard E. Sollenberger (right), Dean, Schoo! of Language and Area Studies.

support of the FSI in this project
he stated, "Education generally is
deeply indebted to each of these
individuals and to the Foreign
Service Institute for their work on
this pioneer project of teacher
education films. For these reasons
and for the participation of the
Foreign Service Institute in many
other aspects of the project in-
volving its personnel, its ex-
perience and its program, it is a

| F.S. Appointments |

The following nominations for |designations
and appointments in the Foreign Service were
sent to the Senate by President Kennedy on
January 15:

APPOINTMENT AS FSO-4,
CONSUL AND SECRETARY

Chalfin, Seymour

FSO-6 AND SECRETARY ALSO TO BE CONSUL
Clingerman, John R.

REAPPOINTMENT AS FSO-7,
VICE CONSUL (CAREER) AND SECRETARY
Rouse, John Hall, Jr.

FSR’s TO BE CONSULS

Land, Ernest G.
McCloskey, Richard G.
McGillivray, James H.
Parsons, Blanchard K.
Radspieler, Anthony
Wright, Harold O.

FSR’s TO BE VICE CONSULS

Kecskemethy, Joseph G.
Kinal, Joseph

FSR’s TO BE SECRETARIES

D'Ambrosio, Bernard F.
O'Connell, John W.

privilege to present prints of this
series to the FSI for its perma-
nent custody and use."

George A. Morgan, Director of
FSI, accepted the gift on behalf
of the Institute.

The films will be used in orien-
tation of students and teachers and
will also be useful to the Institute
in orientation of wives who fre-
quently teach English during their
overseas assignments.

Tubby Presents Awards
To Foreign Service Officers

GENEVA--Ambassador Roger W,
Tubby, U.S, Representative to the
European Office of the United Na-
tions, recently presented Length
of Service Awards to six senior
Foreign Service Officers of the
United States Mission here.
Receiving 20-year awards were
Ambassador Charles C, Stelle,
Acting chief Delegate to the 17-
nation conference on disarma-
ment; William M. Gibson, Minister
and Deputy U.S, Representative;
John W, Evans, Minister for Eco-
nomic Affairs; Edward W, Law-
rence, First Secretary; and Philip
M, Lindsey, Second Secretary.
Margaret Wiesender, Second Sec-
retary, received a 10-year service
award, The combined awards
represent 110 years of service.

Give Blood

The following regulations and
procedures were issued as For-
eign Affairs Manual Circulars
(FAMC) or revisions of the For-
eign Affairs Manual (FAM) and
Foreign Affairs Handbooks (FAH).
A letter following the reference
number of a FAMC indicates the
circular was distributed only with-
in the Department.

1. Departmental offices and
bureaus were notified that effective
immediately all publications origi-
nating in the Department willcarry
the designation ''U.S. Department
of State'' (or ''Department of State"
or the Department seal) on the
front covers. When attribution to an
office or bureau is also desired, it
will appear in type subordinate to

the Department designation.
(FAMC-98A)
2. New regulations governing

the granting of regular step-in-
creases to Department employees
paid in accordance with the Gen-
eral Schedule of the Classification
Act or in accordance with the
Exempted Salary Schedule were
issued. The new regulations in-
clude conditions of eligibility and
criteria for determining whether
an employee's work is or is not
of an acceptable level of com-
petence. (FAMC-98B)

3. Department offices were
notified of the administrative and
procedural steps necessary to fa-
cilitate continued operation of the
current limited exchange of se-
lected personnel between the De-
partment of State and the Depart-
ment of Defense. (FAMC-98C)

4. FAMC-91B was amended to
include additional organizational
changes in the Bureau of Educa-

tional and Cultural Affairs.
(FAMC-98D)
5. The Office of International

Finance and Economic Analysis
(OFE) was established within the
Bureau of Economic Affairs and
related organizational changes ef-
fected. (FAMC-98E)

6. The Office of the Coordinator
of Cuban Affairs was established
in the Bureau of Inter-American
Affairs. The functions and per-
sonnel connected with Cuban af-
fairs, formerly in the Office of
Caribbean and Mexican Affairs,
were transferred to the Office
of the Coordinator. (FAMC-98F)

7. New instructions were issued
on the responsibilities and func-
tions of the Special Protocol Serv-
ices Section (SPSS) of the Office
of the Chief of Protocol. (FAMC-
98G)

R & P Changes

8. Certain functions of the
Bureau of Security and Consular
Affairs were transferred to the
Office of Security and the Deputy
Under Secretary for Administra-
tion, including liaison functions
with the Federal Bureau of In-
vestigation, and Departmental rep-
resentation on the Inter-Depart-
mental Committee on Internal Se-
curity and the Port Security Com-
mittee. (FAMC-98H)

9. New instructions were issued
on accounting for salaries and pay-
ments of other benefits made to
American employees on reimbur-
sable detail to other agencies,
based on the establishment of a
new centrally controlled allotment
(6034) for all such expenses.
(FAMC-99)

10. Employees were informed
that interagency action was taken
on the Herter Committee Report,
entitled Personnel for the New
Diplomacy, by the establishment
of an interagency Executive Com-
mittee, a Steering Committee and
Task Forces. Suggestions of em-
ployees were invited. (FAMC-100)

ll. A circular describing the
functions of the Office of the Special
Assistant to the Secretary and Co-
ordinator of International Labor
Affairs was issued. (FAMC-100A)

12. Volume 2 of the Foreign Af-
fairs Manual (2 FAM 160) was re-
vised to relieve chiefs of mis-
sion and principal officers of the
requirement of personally certi-
fying inventories of U.S. Govern-

ment-owned property, blank pass-
ports, etc. Corresponding re-
visions to other volumes of the
Manual are underway. (TL:GEN-
14)

13. In accordance with the cur-
rent program for the separation
of regulations and procedures,
procedures and guides relating
to the Foreign Service Retire-
ment and Disability System were
issued as sections 671 through
674 of Volume 3, Foreign Af-
fairs Handbook (3 FAH 670) under
TL:PER:H-1l, The corresponding
regulations were revised to incor-
porate changes pursuant to the
Foreign Service Act Amendments
of 1960 (PL 86-723) and issued
in the Foreign Affairs Manual
(3 FAM 670) under TL:PER-54.

14. Volume 3, Foreign Affairs
Manual was revised to eliminate
the requirement that Forms DS-
1031 and DS-1032 beissuedcover-
ing periods of leave without pa
of 30 days or less. (TL:PER-55)
15. Various sections (6 FAM 220,
230, 250, 780) of Volume 6 of the
Foreign Affairs Manual were re-
vised. They provide for the desig-
nation of accountable property of-
ficers at overseas posts and to
furnish instructions for the trans-
fer of inventories whenever there
is a permanent change of account-
able property officers or when
such an officer departs on home
leave. (TL:GS-9)

Of the 630,000 persons receiving
Civil Service Retirement System
payments, 445,000 are annuitants
and 185,000 are survivor an-
nuitants,

F.S. Protective Group Offers
New Insurance Benefits

The American Foreign Serv-
ice Protective Association has
announced a new plan to permit
its senior members tocarry ad-
ditional group life and acciden-
tal death and dismemberment
insurance at an advantageous
rate.

The deadline for receiving
applications is March l.

Members of the Association
on active service who areFSO's
3 and above, FSR's 3 and above
or FSS's 1, may subscribe for
an additional $10,000 group life
and an additional $10,000 acci-
dental death and dismember-
ment insurance for the total sum
of $95 per year, Association of-

ficials said.

"Members who are eligible
and who do not take the addi-
tional coverage before March 1
will not be entitled to do so in
the future,'' they added. ''The
additional coverage will become
effective March 1 and must
terminate on the date of the offi-
cer's resignation or retire-
ment. This is an unusual oppor-
tunity to obtain more protection
at a very advantageous rate."

Application forms and infor-
mation may be obtained by writ-
ing to the American Foreign
Service Protective Association,
Inc., 1909GStreet, N.W., Wash-
ington 6, D.C., or by phoning
NAtional 8-4104.

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Secretary’s Office

Frederick S. Wyle, formerly with
the Department of Defense, has
been appointed as a Member of the
Policy Planning Council, S/P.

Carlton Savage has left the Policy
Planning Council to return to pri-
vate life. Mr. Savage has been
with the Department of State since
1927, and has served as a Member
of the Council since 1949. He will
continue to act as a consultant for
the Department from time totime.

Henry C. Ramsey has been re-
assigned as Special Assistant to
the Under Secretary of State for
Political Affairs. He was formerly
a Member of the Policy Planning
Council.

George P. Delaney of the De-
partment of Labor is joining the
Department of State as Special As-
sistant to the Secretary and Co-
ordinator of International Labor
Affairs.

African Affairs

Ambassador Frederic P. Bart-
lett, Director of the Office of Afri-
can and Malagasy Union Affairs
(AFU), recently completed a trip
to the eleven African countries of
the UAM area, stopping in Paris
both en route and returning, for
the purpose of conferring with the
American Ambassadors in each of
the countries and with African
officials.

G. McMurtrie Godley, Director
of the Office of Central African
Affairs (AFC), Charles S. White-
house and Frank C. Carlucci of
AFC, recently returned from
visits to Leopoldville. Alvin M.
Rucker, Labor Adviser, is pres-
ently visiting a number of Afri-
can posts.

Among the Chiefs of Mission
visiting the Bureau last month
were Philip M. Kaiser, Ambas-
sador to Senegal and Mauritania;
Mercer Cook, Ambassador to Ni-
ger; John A, Calhoun, Ambassador
to Chad, and William J. Handley,
Ambassador to Mali.

Transferred to the Bureau re-
cently were the following: Eric
E, Oulashin, from Tehran to the
Office of Inter-African Affairs
(AFI) as Politico-Military Ad-
viser; Alan W. Ford, Deputy Di-

February 1963

rector, AFC; Waldemar B. Camp-
bell, from the Office of Research
and Analysis for Africa to the
Office of Eastern and Southern
African Affairs (AFE) as Officer
in Charge, Republic of South Afri-
ca; Raymond Cary, Jr.,from Bagh-
dad to the Bureau of African Af-
fairs (AF) as Deputy Executive
Director; John W. Simms from
Stanleyville to AFU to serve as
Acting Officer in Charge, Malagasy
Republic, Cameroon andS. Guinea.

Jesse M. MacKnight, who has
been serving in the dual capacity
of Acting Director, AFE, and UN
Adviser, AFI, is now serving as
Deputy Director, AFE,

David E. L'Heureux has been
transferred from Pretoria to
Benghazi as General Services Of-
ficer.

Notes on Buteaw Adivilies

Other overseas transfers in-
clude the following: Jerry J. Al-
linson, from the Department to
Bamako as General Services Of-
ficer; Charles W. Bray from Cebu
to Bangui as FSO (General); Ernst
Conrath, from Salzburg to Tan-
anarive as Administrative Officer;
James R. Ruchti to Nairobi as
Deputy Principal Officer; Ernest
B. Dane from AF to Conakry as
Consular Officer; Robert Eisen-
berg from AF to Tananarive as
Deputy Chief of Mission; Robert
T. Grey, Jr., from Oslo to Oua-
gadougou as FSO (General); El-
mer G. Kryza from Department to
Nairobi as Administrative Officer;
Arthur L. Lowrie from Beirut to
Khartoum as Political Officer and
Edward P. Prince, from Dublin to
Accra as Economic Officer.

FROM ONE HOT SEAT TO ANOTHER--Emory C. Swank, Special Assistant to the Secretary,
gets a close look at a F-104C STARFIGHTER while a guest of the U.S. Air Force on
an orientation visit to the Tactical Air Command Headquarters at Langley Air Force
Base, Virginia. Captain Bobby Noack of the 435th Tactical Fighter Squadron, George
Air Force Base, California, explains the intricate cockpit of the plane to Mr. Swank.

51

European Affairs

Secretary Rusk made an official
visit to Dublin on December 16
in response to a long-standing in-
vitation tendered by the Irish Min-
ister for External Affairs, Frank
Aiken. This was the first official
visit of the Secretary to Ireland
and the first visit of a U.S. Sec-
retary of State to Ireland since
Secretary Kellogg's visit in 1928.

During the Secretary's one-day
stay in Dublin, he called on Presi-
dent de Valera, Prime Minister
Lemass, Minister for External
Affairs Aiken, and met with the
American and Irish members of
the Embassy staff at Ambassador
McCloskey's residence. In addition
to making a sightseeing trip of
Dublin, the Secretary attended a
luncheon given by Prime Minister
Lemass, and held a press inter-
view.

Included in the Secretary's of-
ficial party were Ambassador Mat-
thew H. McCloskey, Assistant Sec-
retary Robert J. Manning, Assist-
ant Secretary William R. Tyler,
Deputy Assistant Secretary J. Rob-
ert Schaetzel, Willis C. Armstrong
(Director BNA), and Joseph
Sweeney (DCM at Dublin).

At the luncheon given by Prime
Minister Lemass inthe Secretary's
honor, the Prime Minister said
that the United States was indeed
fortunate to have as competent and
as understanding a Secretary of
State as Dean Rusk. The Secretary
referred to the constructive role
played by Ireland in international

52

affairs and praised Ireland's "clear
and sane voice'' at the UN and in
the International community.
Attending the luncheon were
senior Irish Ministers and of-
ficials, the Secretary's official
party, and the following Depart-
mental officers who were returning
to the U.S. onthe Secretary's plane:
Ambassadors Charles E. Bohlen
and Llewellyn E. Thompson, As-
sistant Secretary Frederick G.
Dutton, Chairman of the Policy
Planning Council Walt W. Rostow,
and Legal Advisor Abram Chayes.
The Secretary's visit was re-
ceived enthusiastically by Irishof-
ficials and by the Irish press.

* * &

During January the following
Ambassadors were in the Depart-
ment on consultation: Bernard A.
Gufler, returning from Finland;
George F. Kennan, Yugoslavia;
Robert M. McKinney, Switzerland,
and G. Frederick Reinhardt, Italy.

John C. Renner has been desig-
nated Deputy Director of the Office
of Atlantic Political-Economic Af-
fairs.

Herbert Kaiser has joined the
staff of the Office of Eastern Euro-
pean Affairs.

Robert G. Shackleton has been
assigned to Munichas Political Of-
ficer.

Stanley D. Schiff has been desig-
nated Officer in Charge for OECD
Affairs in the Office of Atlantic
Political-Economic Affairs.

Frank Collins has beenassigned
to The Hague as Political Officer.

--Irish Press Photo.
DUBLIN--Secretary Rusk is shown during his recent one-day visit here at the
invitation of Irish Minister for External Affairs, Frank Aiken. Left to right are
U.S. Ambassador Matthew H. McCloskey, President of Ireland Sean de Valera, Mr. Rusk, Mr. Aiken.

Anthony Radspieler has beenas-
signed to Frankfurt as Economic
Officer.

Albert F. Papa has been trans-
ferred to Rome as Procurement
and Supply Officer.

Ward L. Christensen has been
assigned to Copenhagen as Security
Officer.

Far Eastern Affairs

Robert W. Barnett has assumed
his duties as Deputy Assistant Sec-
retary, replacing Avery F. Peter-
son who has been assignedas Con-
sul General at Vancouver.

John Reed has assumed his duties
with the Office of the Public Af-
fairs Adviser.

Albert E,. Pappano has resumed
his duties as Counselor of Embassy
for Economic Affairs at Seoul after
home leave and consultation.

John Sylvester, formerly Eco-
nomic Officer at Tokyo, was inthe
Department on consultation during
last month. Mr. Sylvester has been
assigned as Principal Officer at
Sapporo, replacing Ronald Gaiduk,

Miss Maxine Phillips has been
assigned as Budget and Fiscal Of-
ficer at Hong Kong, replacing Miss
Martha J. Moses.

Ross Parr has been assigned to
Phnom Penh as Economic Officer,
replacing Richard C. Howland who
has been assigned to the Depart-
ment.

Daniel V. Renda has beentrans-
ferred from Fukuoka to Bangkok
where he will be Assistant General
Services Officer.

Francis Ready has been assigned
as Consular Officer at Fukuoka re-
placing Wesley D. Boles, and
Robert F. Pfeiffer has re-
placed Miss Marguerite Cooper in
the same section.

Curtis F. Brooks has been as-
signed as Visa Officer at Hong
Kong, replacing Stephen L. Wailes.

Richard N. Viets has been as-
signed as Commercial Officer at
Tokyo replacing John C. Monjo.

Roy Fujioka, previously as-
signed to Bangkok, has been trans-
ferred to the General Services
Branch at Embassy Tokyo,

Eugene Bashe has beenassigned
as Passport and Citizenship
Officer at Hong Kong, replacing
James K. Matter.

William A. K, Lake and Joseph
Luman have been assigned to Sai-
gon under the Junior Officer Pro-
gram.

Miss Raecarol Morgan has been
assigned as Visa Assistant at
Tokyo, replacing Vendelin A.
Kalenda, who has been assigned to
Hong Kong.

Donald Ellison has been assigned
to Rangoon as FSO(Gen.) under the

Junior Officer Program.

Department of State News Letter

MRR se wet

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et

— OOOO

Th

On January 14, friends and col-
leagues bade farewell at a party
in her honor to Mrs. Brooks E,
Soderstrum, formerly with the Of-
fice of East Asian Affairs, who
retired from Government service
on December 31,

Inter-American Affairs

In response to the growing com-
plexities of the Cuban situation,
Secretary Rusk has designated
Sterling Cottrell as Coordinator of
Cuban Affairs and Robert Hur-
witch as Deputy Coordinator. Mr.
Cottrell, working with represen-
tatives of other government
agencies, will be responsible for
the development, coordination and
implementation of United States
policies regarding Cuba. Early
this month, a liaison office was
opened at Miami, Florida, with
John Crimmins as Director and
Godfrey H. Summ as Principal
Liaison Officer.

Last month was a time for con-
gratulations and commiseration as
the annual promotion list was pub-
lished, The Bureau could boast that
at least eighty-five ofits members
were recognized for their outstand-
ing service,

As the Central American coun-
tries achieve an ever greater de-
gree of cooperation intheir efforts
for economic advancement, United
States policy has altered to meet
this new situation. The Chief of
Missions Conference held at San
Salvador on January 28-31 was one
indication of the changing circum-
stances. The Conference, calledto
discuss major economic questions,
was attended by the Ambassadors

PORT-AU-PRINCE--Ambassador Raymond L. Thurston and other offi-
cers of the Embassy are shown in a recent photograph. Seated, left
to right are Colonel Rabert D. Heinl, Jr.; Edward Glion Curtis, Jr.,
Deputy Chief of Mission; Ambassador Thurston; David J. Keogh and

February 1963

DJAKARTA--Ambassador Howard P. Jones presents copies of Attorney General Robert F.
Kennedy's book, ‘Just Friends and Brave Enemies,”’ to Professor Ir. R. 0. Kosasih of the Bandung
Institution of Technology and to Dr. R. G. Soeria Soemantri, President of the Padjadjaran Unive rsity.
Royalties from sales of the book will be contributed toward scholarships for students at the two
universities. The book describes Mr. Kennedy's trip to several countries including Indonesia.

and the AID Mission Directors of
the five Central American States
and Panama. Representing the De-
partment were: Edwin M. Martin,
Assistant Secretary for Inter-
American Affairs; Angier Biddle

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Duke, Chief of Protocol; Teodoro
Moscoso, United States Coordina-
tor for the Alliance for Progress;
Herbert K, May, Deputy Assistant
Secretary, and Lansing Collins,
Director, Office of Central Ameri-

Major John W. Warren. Standing, left to right, are Robert W.
Maule; Leo W. Garvey; Robert B. Hill; V. E. Blacque; David
L. Smock; Ralph C. Porter Ill; Charles William Thomas; Major
Donald A. Curry; Captain Eugene Heider and Edmund R. Murphy.

53

BOMBAY--Consul General Milton C. Rewinkel recently presented 10-year Length of Service
Awards to three local employees of the Consulate General staff. Left to right are Prabhakar D.
Deherkar, Abdul Hamid, Keshav Jeevan, Mr. Rewinkel and Vice Consul Raymond W. Seefeldt.

can and Panamanian Affairs,

Before attending the conference
at San Salvador, Assistant Secre-
tary Martin participated in the
seminar of Public Affairs Officers
at Panama January 23-26,

The Bureau's Washington com-
plement has undergone several
changes during: the past month,
V. Lansing Collins joined the staff
as Director, Office of Central
American and Panamanian Affairs.
Daniel F, Margolies has taken up
his duties as Deputy Director, Of-
fice of East Coast Affairs. Wesley
Haraldson entered the Office of
Regional Economic Affairs where
he will provide a running analysis
of the Alliance for Progress pro-
grams, Valentine E, Scalise left
the Bureau's Administrative Of-
fice to join the Bureau of Educa-
tional and Cultural Affairs.

Among the Chiefs of Mission
recently in the Department were:
Raymond Telles, Ambassador to
Costa Rica; Murat W, Williams,
Ambassador to El Salvador; Joseph
S. Farland, Ambassador to Pana-
ma, and Robert M, McClintock,
Ambassador to Argentina.

Ambassador J, Wesley Jones
assumed his responsibilities at
Lima and Thomas H, Linthicum
took charge as Consul General at
Guadalajara, Mexico. John G.
Mein, the Deputy Chief of Mis-
sion at Rio de Janeiro, and Leon-
ard Saccio, Deputy Chief of Mis-
sion at San Salvador, have ar-
rived at their posts.

Among the officers taking up new
duties in the Bureau were: Joseph
Silberstien, Counselor for Ecoe

be

nomic and Commercial Affairs at
Buenos Aires; Matthew Van Orden
to Mexico City; H, L, Dufour
Woofley to Ciudad Juarez; Arturo
Macias to Tijuana; Richard Ellam
to Santo Domingo; Allen Cooper to
Kingston; Katherine Kemp to Rio
de Janeiro, and Michael Conlin to
Caracas,

A number of officers returning
to their posts were in the Bureau
during the past month, These in-
cluded: John Brogan and George
Huey from Buenos Aires and
Howard L, Walker from Mexico
City. As always, the Bureau must
lose certain officers to other areas.
Harry Conover and John Fitzgerald
from Buenos Aires and James Tull
from Cali were several of the of-
ficers departing last month.

Near Eastern and
South Asian Affairs

Deputy Assistant Secretary
Howard Cottam departed in early
January for a trip through the
Near East and South Asia area.

Guy A. Lee, Deputy Director of
the Office of Near Eastern, South
Asian Regional Affairs, will re-
place James Cortada as Director
upon Mr. Cortada's departure for
Taiz, where he will serve as
Deputy Chief of Mission.

Among personnel consulting in
the Bureau last month were:

John M. Steeves, Ambassador
to Afghanistan; Raymond A, Hare,
Ambassador to Turkey, and Henry
R. Labouisse, Ambassador to
Greece;

Ben H. Brown, Jr., Consul Gen-
eral at Istanbul;

Wilbur L. Garges, Economic Of-
ficer, Dacca;

John Curry, formerly Ad-
ministrative Officer at Thessa-
loniki, who is being assigned to
the Bureau;

Bernard Piatek, whois proceed-
ing to New Delhi as Fiscal Officer;

Norman Bentley, formerly Ad-
ministrative Officer, Nicosia, who
has been assigned to the Executive
Director's office as Post Manage-
ment Officer;

Frances Lafferty, formerly Per-
sonnel Officer, New Delhi, who has
been assigned to the Department;

Stephen E, Palmer, formerly as-
signed to the Bureau of Interna-
tional Organization Affairs, who
has been assigned to Tel Aviv as
Political Officer;

Robert Whitaker, Administrative
Officer, returning to Beirut;

Henry S. Sizer, Consular Officer
from Aleppo, who has been as-
signed as Political Officer at Taiz;

Ronald D. Flack, presently at
the Foreign Service Institute, who
has been assigned to Athens;

Anthony G. Barbieri, from Ma-
nila, who has been assigned to
Ankara as Security Officer;

Helga G. Vornholt, from Lis-
bon, who has been assigned to
Tehran as Perscnnel Specialist;

John Hageman, Commercial Of-
ficer, returning to Karachi;

Walter Kamprad, General Serv-
ices Officer from Baghdad, as-
signed to Lahore as Administra-
tive Officer, replacing Archie
Lang;

Sigurd V. Moody, from Labor
Department detailed to Karachi as
Labor Officer;

C. Arnold Freshman, Office of
German Affairs, who has been as-
signed to Kabul as Economic Of-
ficer, replacing Randolph Roberts.

Administration

William W. Walker has been
designated Director, Office of Per-
sonnel, and Bernard Rosen has
been designated Deputy Director,
Office of Personnel. In these ca-
pacities, Mr. Walker and Mr.
Rosen will be in direct command
of all of the operations of the Office
of Personnel, including the as-
signment process.

Herman Pollack, as Deputy As-
sistant Secretary for Personnel,
will continue to have over-all re-
sponsibility for personnel admin-
istration in the Department of
State. He will deal especially with
the formulation of personnel policy,
the evaluation and development of
personnel programs, and with
executive development and selec-
tion.

Department of State News Letter

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Economic Affairs

The ninth Regional Foreign
Policy Conference was held in Los
Angeles on February 13 with G.
Griffith Johnson, Assistant Secre-
tary, attending. The purpose of
these regional meetings is to pro-
vide opportunity for discussion of
international affairs between those
who inform the public on foreign
policy issues and the senior offi-
cers of the Executive Branch who
have responsibility for dealing with
them.

On February 14, Mr. Johnson
spoke to the Northwest Farm For-
um in Spokane on the international
implications of American agricul-
ture.

W. Michael Blumenthal, Deputy
Assistant Secretary, is scheduled
to address the Council on World
Affairs at Cincinnati February 22.
His topic will be, ''The Under-
developed Countries —Crucial Fac-
tor in Cold War."

Benjamin Caplan, formerly with
the Institute for Defense Analysis,
has entered on duty as Director
of the Office of International Fi-
nance and Economic Analysis.

Claus W. Ruser, Acting Chief
of the Fuels and Energy Division
in the Office of International Re-
sources, participated in informa-
tional discussions with Venezuelan
Government officials in Caracas
December 29 and 30 on the new
U.S. Oil Import Control Program.
The U.S. Delegation was headed by
Myer Feldman, Deputy Special
Counsel to the President, and also

EMPLOYEE AWARDS--Herman Pollack (center), Deputy Assistant Sec-
tetary for Personnel, is shown with employees of the Office of Per-
sonnel to whom he recently presented 10- and 20-year Length of Serv-
ice Awards, In the same ceremony 30-year awards were presented to
Dorothy G. Selvig of the Employment Division, and Harold N.

February 1963

YEARS OF SERVICE--Frederick W. Darnell,
Chief of the Performance Evaluation Branch, re-
ceives a 40-year award from Herman Pollack,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Personnel.

included John M, Kelly, Assistant
Secretary for Mineral Resources
of the Department of the Interior.

Herman Barger, Deputy Direc-
tor of the Office of International
Trade, spoke at a meeting of the
National Canners Association in
Chicago on January 22 on ''Trade
Expansion Act and Its Implications
for the Industry."

Daniel J. James, formerly as-
signed to Korea (AID), has re-
ported for duty with the Commer-
cial Policy Branch in the Com-
mercial Policy and Treaties Di-
vision, Office of International
Trade.

a
bo
7

Er

A

HY
Sy

The Air Transport Neogtiations
with the United Arab Republic
were held in Cairo the week of
January 21 with Henry T. Snow-
don, Chief of the Aviation Division,
Office of Transport and Communi-
cations, as Chairman of the U.S.
Delegation.

Educational and Cultural Affairs

Assistant Secretary Lucius D,
Battle, together with representa-
tives of other interested Govern-
ment agencies, met with officers
of the American Book Publishers
Council on January 30 to discuss
the Council's plan to act as host
for the Congress of the Inter-
national Publishers Association.
The Congress will be held in the
United States in May, 1965.

Final decision has been reached
that the Government and Relief In
Occupied Areas (GARIOA) Foun-
dation in Japan will be established
under the Fulbright-Hays Act.
Preparation of a supplemental ap-
propriation request is now under
way.

A group of 13 students and one
professor from the School of En-
gineering of the University of Rio
Grande do Sul in Porto Alegre,
Brazil, arrived in Washington on
January 26 to begin a 30-day edu-
cational travel program in the
United States. They will visit sev-
eral manufacturing companies in
conjunction with their field of
specialization, mechanical engi-
neering. On January 29, they met

Waddell of the Medical Division. Two employees were cited for
suggestions--Mary Kilarny and Maxine Smith; two received PER
Achievement Awards--Annie Wilder and Myrtle Eckblom, and two were
presented with Outstanding Performance Ratings--Roderick L. Jones
and Helen Scott. The awards ceremonies were held on January 14th.

with representatives of the Depart-
ment, the Alliance for Progress,
and USIA.

President Kennedy has appointed
the following individuals to the
Board of Foreign Scholarships:
Robert B. Brode, Professor of
Physics, University of California
at Berkeley; Francis Keppel, U.S.
Commissioner of Education; A.
Curtis Wilgus, Director, School
of Inter-American Studies and Pro-
fessor of Hispanic-American His-
tory, University of Florida, and
Frederick E, Terman, Vice-Presi-
dent and Provost, Stanford Univer-
sity, reappointment.

The Board of Foreign Scholar-
ships met in Washington on Jan-
uary 10-11. Senator J. William
Fulbright attended the session.

C. Kenneth Snyder, Deputy Di-
rector of the Office of African
Programs, and John P. Netherton,
Director of the Office of U.S.
Programs and Services, repre-
sented the Bureau at a meeting
held on January 11 at the Brook-
ings Institution to discuss an Over-
seas Educational Service for re-
cruiting American professors for
the underdeveloped areas of Africa,
Asia, and Latin America. Theidea
of such a Service is an imple-
mentation of suggestions made at
the UNESCO Conference on Higher

Education in Africa held last fall
in Tananarive. The January 11
meeting was chaired by Dr. C. W.
de Kiewiet of the African Liaison
Committee for the American Coun-
cil on Education, and was also at-
tended by representatives of pri-
vate foundations, AID, the African-
American Institute, the Institute of
International Education, the Con-
ference Board of Associated Re-
search Councils, the National
Academy of Sciences, Teachers
College of Columbia University,
the American Council of Learned
Societies, andthe University Coun-
cil on World Affairs.

The Department will finance, as
a special educational and cultural
project, a 50-man delegation from
the American Oriental Society and
the Association for Asian Studies
to the 26th International Congress
of Orientalists in New Delhi in
January, 1964.

Mr. Battle's ''Teacher Diplo-
macy=—Its Growing Role in U.S,
Foreign Relations'' is the lead
article in the January 1963 issue
of Journal of the National Edu-
cation Association.

Effective January 7, Glenn G.
Wolfe became Director of the Of-
fice of Cultural Presentations, and
Heath Bowman, who has directed
the Cultural Presentations Pro-

CAIRO--Dr. and Mrs. Leonard Seitz (left), Cultural Affairs Officer John Slocum and Senior Cul-
tural Assistant Dr. Zaki Saad pause during an inspection of the Sphinx. Dr. Seitz, President of
the National Academy of Sciences, visited Egyptian scientific institutions during a world tour.

56

gram since 1960, became head of
the secretariat of the reconstituted
Advisory Committee on the Arts.

Alfred V. Boerner, Deputy As-
sistant Secretary, and Jacob Can-
ter, Director of the Office of Inter-
American Pro-
grams, were par-
ticipants in the
annual Latin
American Public
Affairs Officers!
Conference, held
in Panama Jan-
uary 22-26. Mr.
Boerner also
visited the Ameri-
can Embassy in
Mexico City and
the Miami Reception Center.

Mrs. Catherine Dorris Norrell
made her first public appearance
as Deputy Assistant Secretary of
State for Educational and Cultural
Affairs at the Washington Club on
January 15. Mrs. Norrell, whohad
filled the unexpired term of her
late husband, a Representative
from Arkansas in the 87th Con-
gress, assumed her duties in the
Department the first of this year.
Following her attendance at the
University of Arkansas as a music
major and a period of teaching in
the public school system, she
served as director of the music
department at Arkansas A&MCol-
lege at Monticello.

Other assignments tothe Bureau
of Educational and Cultural Affairs
included: James Pressly Kennedy
as Chief of the Divisionfor Ameri-
cans Abroad; Otho Colclough as
Chief of the Administrative Man-
agement and Personnel Division;
Clifford Domke and Hans Faber to
the Office of Far Eastern Pro-
grams; Mrs. Julia Wooster to
the Facilitative Services Staff of
the Office of U.S. Programs and
Services, and John Bietz to serve
as Director of the New Orleans
Reception Center.

Officers who have left the Bureau
for other assignments are: Herbert
Schuelke, who has returnedto USIA
for assignment to Heidelberg;
Stephen A. Dobrenchuk, who has
entered the Foreign Service Mid-
Career Course, and James M. E,
O'Grady, who is taking Portu-
guese language training in prepa-
ration for his assignment to
Luanda.

Mr. Boerner

Intelligence and Research

The latest FSO promotion list
revealed that 10.9% of the total
officers promoted served in the
Bureau of Intelligence and Re-
search (INR) some time during the
years 1959-1962.

Meredith B. Givens has been

Department of State News Letter

a a a eS a ee

—s e.hUrhhUC<C MS!) Cr

ion;
r to
'rO-

to
f of
and
irve
‘ans

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JSIA
erg;

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to

1 list
total
n the

Re-
ig the

been

AWARDS AND PRIVILEGES--Rank has its privileges and the man in the
middle (below the Bureau's organization chart) is Deputy Assistant Secre-
tary Woodruff Wallner, who recently presented cash awards for sustained

designated Director of the Office
of Functional Research(RFX). Mr.
Givens received his Ph.D in Eco-
nomics from the University of
Wisconsin. During 1959-61 he was
an adviser to the Planning Com-
mission of the Government of
Pakistan as a member of the
Ford-financed Harvard Advisory
Group. In 1954-55 he was United
Nations Statistical Adviser to the
Philippine Government. He has
been consultant to various Federal
agencies including the Bureau of
the Budget (1943-1953) and the
Department of Defense. In New
York State, he was executive di-
rector of an Interdepartmental
Committee on Low Incomes, under
Governor Harriman, and Director
of Research and Statistics of the
New York Department of Labor.
William Kling who served as Acting
Director of RF X for several months
has been reassigned to the position
of Economic Adviser inthe Bureau
of African Affairs (AF).

James D, Farrell has been as-
Signed to the Office of Research
and Analysis for Africa (RAF). He
comes to INR on transfer from
the Embassy at Mogadiscio, Somali
Republic.

February 1963

James E. Kerr, Jr., reportedfor
duty on the Coordination Staff, Of-
fice of the Deputy Director for
Coordination (DDR). Mr. Kerr was
formerly assigned tothe Consulate
at Ciudad Juarez.

William H, Lewis, RAF, recently
gave a series of lectures on North
Africa to Peace Corps Volunteers
going to Morocco, The talks were
held at the California State Poly-
technic Institute, San Luis Obispo,
California.

A talk on the Economy of the
Federation of Rhodesia and Nya-
saland; Its Successes and Out-
look, was presented by Clifford
Nelson, RAF, to the Technical
Cooperation Seminar at the Cali-
fornia Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, California.

George Humphrey, Office of Re-
search and Analysis for American
Republics (RAR), and his wife,
Sandra, appeared as panelists on
WNBC TV's "Youth Forum" on
January 27. The topic was ''Mod-
ern Soviet Youth." Mrs. Humphrey,
who is also a Foreign Service of-
ficer, is assigned to the Bureau
of Educational and Cultural Af-
fairs. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hum-

phrey formerly served as guides

work performance to these employees of the Bureau of International Or-
ganization Affairs. Shown, left to right, are Benjamin Burnett, Richard S.
Wheeler, Jane Guilbault, Mr. Wallner, Carol Kachmarik, and James Johnson.

at U.S. exhibitions in the USSR.
International Organization Affairs

Assistant Secretary Harlan
Cleveland has been in the Congo
as head of a U.S, planning group.
Other members of the group are
G. McMurtrie

Godley Director
of the Office of
Central African
Affairs, Depart-

ment of State;
Richard N. Cash-
in, Director ofthe
Office of Central
African Affairs,
AID; Jonathan D.
Stoddard, Deputy
Director of Inter-
national Security Affairs, Depart-
ment of Defense; and William Buf-
fum, Deputy Director of the Office
of UN Political Affairs Depart-

ment of State.
Mr. Cleveland and other meme-

bers of the group left for the
Congo on January 29, after con-
sultations with UN officials in
New York. They stopped en route
in Brussels, The group was ac-
companied by a secretary, Miss
Teresa Beach,

Mr. Cleveland

57

MILESTONE--Walt W. Rostow, Counselor and Chairman of the Policy Planning Council, inspects
the signed scroll presented to him by members of his staff. The scroll reads, ‘The Policy Planning
Council, In Appreciation and High Esteem, tendered to Walt Whitman Rostow for completion of One
Astronomical Year comprising 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 4,551 seconds of Distin-
guished Service as Chairman.”’ On the left is Henry D. Owen, Deputy Chairman, Policy Planning.

Walter Kotschnig, Special As-
sistant to the Assistant Secretary
for International Organization Af-
fairs, has been named alternate
representative of the United Na-
tions Conference on Trade and
Development, The new appoint-
ment has the rank of Minister.
The UN General Assembly voted
at its 17th Session that the Trade
Conference be held not later than
early 1964, Thirty countries are
represented on the preparatory
committee.

Crane Haussamen has reported
for duty in Paris as United States
Permanent Representative to the
United Nations Educational, Scien-
tific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO), Mr. Haussamen was
formerly a consultant tothe United
Nations Special Fund,

Mrs Virginia C, Westfall, who
has been serving in Geneva with
the United States Mission to the
European Office of the United Na-
tions and other International Or-
ganizations, has reported for duty
in the Bureau to assist a Special
Study Group on International Or-
ganization Staffing.

John Fuess, formerly in Rome,
has been designated Deputy Di-
rector, Office of International Con-
ferences.

Henry Sabatini, after an assign-
ment in Saigon, has been desig-

58

nated Deputy Executive Director
of the Bureau,

Jack Johnstone, after a tour of
duty in Asuncion, has been desig-
nated Officer in Charge, Inter-
national Economic Affairs, Office

of International Economic and So-
cial Affairs,

William L, Yeomans has moved
from the Atomic Energy Commis-
sion to the United States Mission
to the International Atomic Energy
Agency in Vienna.

Franklin Mewshaw, previously
at the United States Mission to the
United Nations in New York, has
reported for duty in the Office of
United Nations Political Affairs.

Constantine Warvarivhastrans-
ferred from the Library of Con-
gress to the Office of International
Economic and Social Affairs.

R, Leighton van Nort, formerly
in the Bureau of Intelligence and
Research, has been assigned tothe
Office of International Economic
and Social Affairs.

Arthur Purcell, just back from
Monrovia, has replaced Curtis
Cutter in the Office of United Na-
tions Political Affairs. Mr. Cutter
has been assigned to Lima.

At a recent staff meeting, Deputy
Assistant Secretary Woodruff
Wallner, acting on behalf of As-
sistant Secretary Cleveland, pre-
sented cash performance awards
to the following IO employees in
recognition of sustained work per-
formance over an extended period
of time. Mary Louise Zarger, $200;
Benjamin Burnett, $200; Carol
Kachmarik, $200; James Johnson,
$150, and Jane Gilbault, $100.

Richard S, Wheeler, Office of In-
ternational Conferences, was given
a check for $25 for proposing that
a first aid facility room be estab-
lished in the Eighth Floor State
Department Suite.

EMPLOYEE AWARDS--Mr. Reostow recently presented Length of Service Awards to mem

bers of the Policy Planning Council staff. Shown, left to right, are Mrs. Thelma Snow;
Miss Christine Stavrou; Mr. Rostow; Miss Isabel Stotler; Miss Selma Stein and Mrs. Elinor Dorning.

Department of State News Letter

ial

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ter

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er-
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00;
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00,
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orning.

Public Affairs

Richard I, Phillips went to Home-
stead Air Force Base to coordi-
nate the public relations aspects
of the return of the Cuban priso-
ners.

On January 10, Henry B. Cox
presented a background briefing on

Germany and Berlin to cor-
respondents at the USIA Foreign
Correspondents Center in New
York.

The Office of Media Services
last month was at workonthe third
in its series of ''State Department
Briefing" television programs, for
broadcast by the National Educa-
tional Television network and
others. This program, scheduled
for first broadcast this month,
takes up the subject, 'Red China
and the USSR,'' with Deputy Under
Secretary U. Alexis Johnson, As-
sistant Secretary Averell Harri-
man, and Director of Intelligence
and Research Roger Hilsman taking
part.

Security and Consular Affairs

J. Edward Lyerly, an attorney
who has served in various capaci-
ties in the Department for more
than 20 years, has been appointed
a Deputy Administrator in the Bu-
reau of Security and Consular Af-
fairs.

Mr. Lyerly was attached to the
Office of the Legal Adviser in the
Department in 1947 and for many
years was the Deputy Assistant
Legal Adviser for Administration
and the Foreign Service.

In announcing
the appointment
on January 11,
Abba P. Schwartz,
Administrator of
the Bureau of Se-
curity and Consu-
lar Affairs, said:

"Mr. Lyerly
has distinguished
himself in the field
of administrative
law and has made

Mr. Lyerly
a substantial contribution to the ad-

ministration of the Department
and the Foreign Service. He re-
ceived a Meritorious Service
Award in 1962. He will be a valu-
able addition to our Bureau, work-
ing with Charles H. Mace,acareer
Foreign Service officer, who will
be the Senior Deputy Administrator
in the Bureau."

Born at Salisbury, North Caro-
lina, on September 20, 1914, Mr.
Lyerly attended business college
and Southeastern University Law
School. He received his law de-
gree in 1941 and is a member of
the District of Columbia Bar. He

February 1963

HONOR GRADUATE--John F. Reilly, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Security, congratulates
Lance Corporal Robert L. Kritsberg, honor graduate from the Marine Security Guard School.
Mr. Reilly addressed the 48 graduating marines at the school’s 55th graduation ceremony.

is married to the former Mary
Moore Cavan. The Lyerlys have
five sons.

Office of Security

Ambassadors Horace C. ‘lor-
bert, John S. Badeau, C. Vaughan
Ferguson, and Matthew H. Mc-
Closkey called at the Office of
Security in recent weeks for
special briefings by Deputy As-
sistant Secretary for Security John
F. Reilly and other officers of his
staff.

Among the other groups recently
addressed by Mr. Reilly and his
staff were: Senior Seminar inFor-
eign Policy; Foreign Service In-
spection Corps; Departmental Of-
ficer Security Orientation; Service
Attacheedesignates from the De-
fense Intelligence School, and the
Basic Foreign Service Orientation.

Floyd W. McCoy, formerly
Security Officer in Seoul, has as-
sumed his new duties as Regional
Security Officer for Europe.

George E. Payne is in training
and on consultation before de-
parting for Karachi to assume his
Regional Security Officer functions
there.

John D. Doerr arrived from

Ankara for consultation and home
leave before departing for Athens
where he will replace Michael B.
Lustgarten as Security Officer in
Charge.

Anthony G. Barbieri, formerly
at Manila, arrived for consultation
and home leave before assuming
his duties as Security Officer at
Ankara.

United Nations Mission

The United Nations Exploratory
Meeting on Tungsten convened at
Headquarters January 8 and 9.
The U.S. Delegation included Ed-
mund E, Getzin, Henry Bashkin,
Joseph G. McCaskill and Andrew
Prokopovitsh. .

The Meeting of the Ninth Ses-
sion Special Fund Governing Coun-
cil was held at United Nations
Headquarters on January 14-21.
The U.S. Delegation included Jona-
than B. Bingham, Herman Kleine,
Seymour M, Finger, James L,
Gorman, William H. Miller and
Wilbur Ziehl.

The 15th Session of the Sub-
Commission on Prevention of Dis-
crimination and Protection of Mi-
norities convened at United Nations
Headquarters on January 14. The
U.S. Delegation included Morris
B. Abram, Clarence C. Ferguson,
John E. Means and Mrs. Rachel
Nason,

The United Nations Conference
on Trade and Development was
called to order at Headquarters on
January 22.

The First Session of the ECOSOC

59

Committee on Housing, Building
and Planning convened on January
21 and the U.S. Delegation in-
cludes Dr. William L. C. Wheaton,
Roy J. Burroughs, Herman Kleine,
John E. Means and Leighton van
Nort. Minister Bingham and Dr.
Wheaton held a reception in honor
of the Committee at the USUN on
January 23.

William C,. Foster, Director of
ACDA, officials of the United States
and the Soviet Union, and the Co-
Chairmen of the Geneva Disarma-
ment Committee held informal
meetings in New York at the U.S
Mission and the Soviet Mission
during the week of January 14,
discussing issues related to a
possible agreed cessation of nu-
clear tests. Other members of
Mr. Foster's staff were Charles
Stelle, Clement E, Conger, Idar
Rimestad, James E, Goodby, Alex-
ander Akalovsky, Mary Russell
and Leona Timko.

Vice Admiral Harold T. Deuter-
mann, USN, has been assigned the
duty of U.S. Navy Representative
and Vice Chairman, U.S. Dele-

BERLIN--Minister E. Allan Lightner,

Jr., recently presented Safe

gation, United Nations Military
Staff Committee, replacing Vice
Admiral Charles Wellborn, Jr.,
who retired from active service
last month.

Lt. General Garrison N. David-
son, U.S. Army Representative,
U.S. Delegation, United Nations
Military Staff Committee, has been
designated Chairman, U.S. Dele-
gation, United Nations Military
Staff Committee.

Attorney General Robert Ken-
nedy visited the U.S. Mission while
in New York on January 22.

The Special Committee on the
15th Anniversary of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights met
at United Nations Headquarters
January 17. Mrs. Tree, the U.S.
Representative, was elected Chair-
man of the Committee.

Under Secretary George W. Ball
was in New York January 23 toat-
tend the Freedom House Awards
Dinner at the Waldorf Astoria
Hotel.

Zachary P. Geaneas was the De-
partment of State's representative

Richard Ploigt;

Fritz

at the Federal Career Day program
at the Stevens Institute of Tech-
nology, Hoboken, New Jersey, Jan-
uary 9.

The Department of State Board
of Examiners made its headquar-
ters at USUN January 14. The
members of the Boardare William
T. Carpenter, John J. Schulter,
Frederick Merrill and Miss Ann
DeCaterini.

John Jackson of the Office of
International Administration held
conferences at United Nations of-
fices and private firms of New York
City January 21-24.

FEB Now In Los Angeles

A new Federal Executive Board
has been established in Los Ange-
les and another is being established
in Kansas City. This will bring the
national total to 12. Federal
Executive Boards were formed to
increase efficiency and economy
in Government at the field level
where 90 percent of Federal em-
ployees are assigned,

Hareuter; Rudolf Bethke; Richard Buch-

Driving Awards to 36 drivers of the Mission. Left to right, first
and second rows, are: Ernst Reichel; Kurt Zwiener; Franz
Rohde; Klaus Gorgs; Walter Bubolz; Mr. Lightner; Herbert Grosche,
Motor Pool Superintendent; Ewald Kuehn; Rudolf Liehr; Werner
Klews; Erich Lindner; Werner Braever and Wilhelm Bluemel. Left
to right, third and fourth rows, are: Kurt Hoffmann; Willi Mertens;

60

holz; Wolfgang Binczek; Herbert Ladewig; Bruno Graesing; Otto

Schulz; Erich Jakbo; Kurt Heppner; Hans Ketelhut; Herbert
Jentzsch; Paul Bartels and Willi Hirschmann. Not shown are
Dieter Beszczynski; Ewald Dorband, Georg Fischer; Gerhard Fues-
sel; Karl Jakob; Edgar Liebowski; Robert Stuhr; Kurt Waeh-
lisch and Werner Wendel, who also received Safe Driving Awards.

Department of State News Letter

Edward S. Maney Dies;
First Visa Director

Edward S, Maney, 63, former
Director of the Visa Office and
former U.S, Consul General at
Buenos Aires and Hamburg, died
in San Antonio on February 5,

A retired Foreign Service of-
ficer, Mr. Maney also served at
Torreon, Tampico, Nogales, Agua
Prieta, San Luis Potosi, Guaymas,
Southampton, Taihoku, Nagasaki,
London, Liverpool, Mexico City
and San Jose during his long career
with the Department, He was Sec-
retary to the Intergovernmental
Committee on Po-
lish Refugees in
1941.

After serving as
U.S. Consul Gen-
eral at Buenos
Aires from 1947
to 1950, he was
assigned to the
Department and
later was ap-
pointed a Foreign
Service Inspec- ite. eney
tor. In 1952 he was named Chief
of the Visa Division and later be-
came the first Director of the
Visa Office. In 1955 he was as-

Fred K. Nielsen

Fred Keneim Nielsen, 83, an
authority on international law, who
served as Solicitor of the Depart-
ment of State and as a member
of the Board of Examiners for the
Foreign Service from 1920to1922,
died in Washington on January 13
after suffering a stroke.

Mr. Nielsen represented the
United States at many international
conferences. He served as a U.S.
Representative at the Peace Con-
ference in Paris in1919,as Chair-
man of the Commission of Legal
Experts at the Conference on
Limitation of Armament, Washing-
ton, in 1921-22, as Legal Ad-
viser to the U.S. delegation at the
London Economic Conference in
1933.

In 1946 he was named a special
consultant on international law at
the trials of Japanese war crimi-
nals in Tokyo. He also served as
a member of the Executive Council
of the American Society of Inter-
national Law.

A graduate of the University of
Nebraska, Mr. Nielsen was a pro-
fessor of international law at
Georgetown Law School from 1924
to 1953 and author of several legal
works,

February 1963

signed as U.S, Consul General at
Hamburg, where he served until
his retirement in 1959,

Mr. Maney was born in Texas
on September 27, 1899, attended
the University of Texas, and was
in the U.S, Navy during World
War I, Before joining the State
Department in 1921 he was a
field cashier for an oil company
in Mexico,

Mr. Maney is survived by his
wife, Helen Mahoney Maney, Route
8, Box 226, San Antonio, and two
sons, Michael, 28, and Theodore,
24,

Donald H. Nichols

Donald H. Nichols, a retiredca-
reer Foreign Service officer, died
in Hawaii on December 20.

Mr. Nichols, who retiredin 1962,
was last assigned to the Depart-
ment as an administrative officer
in 1959. In 1958 he was assigned to
Saigon as first secretary after
serving in the same position the
year before in Manila. Mr. Nichols
also held posts in Tehran, Oslo,
Addis Ababa, Cairo, Vladivostok,
Moscow, London and Bogota. He
entered the Department in 1936 as
a clerk and in 1956 transferred
from the Staff Corps to FSO-3.

Mr. Nichols is survived by his
wife, Vera, of 4200 Ridgley Avenue,
N.E., Albuquerque, New Mexico,
and his daughter, Susan.

George John Haering

George John Haering, 67, a re-
tired Foreign Service officer, died
on February 3 at his home in
Washington.

Mr. Haering joined the Foreign
Service in 1924. He served in
many posts abroad including Kobe,
Rangoon, Glasgow, Pernambuco,
Warsaw, Berlin, Vigo, Madrid,
London, The Hague and Frankfurt.
He was named Chief of the Visa
Division in the Department in 1946,
a Foreign Service Inspector in
1947, and U.S. Consul General in
Toronto in 1950.

After his retirement from the
Foreign Service in 1955he became
Special Assistant to the Admin-
istrator of the St. Lawrence Sea-
way Development Corporation.

He is survived by his wife, Olga
Perrett Haering, of Washington and
a son, George, of Fairfax, Va.

CHESS CHAMPION--Konrad Willnich (left) is
presented the Chess Club’s Tournament Trophy
by Ray Loughton, the Club’s organizer and
first president. Willnich took

Konrad Willnich Wins

Chess Tournament

irst place.

The 1962 winner of the State-
USIA Chess Club tournament is
Konrad Willnich (GSA), who went
undefeated in regular tournament
play and lost only one game in
the title playoffs.

Other trophy winners were Dick
Mendosa (AID) and Johannes Imhof
(State). Donald F. Musser (ACDA)
and Robert F. Schiller (State),
runners-up, were awardeda year's
membership in the U.S. Chess
Federation. The trophies were
donated by the Recreation Associa-
tion.

The Chess Club meets every
Thursday night at 6:30 in room
1524 of the State Department Build-
ing and extends a membership
invitation to anyone interested in
playing for U.S. Chess Federation
points or just to meet excellent
competition.

Other outstanding players in the
tournament, who received chess
books as prizes, were Daniel H.
Daniels, Eleanor Clifford, Carol
Babyak, Robert F. Graham, C. A.
McDevitt, John Crawford, Edward
Turner, Rojer Woog, William Hood
and Ray Loughton.

The newly elected officers of
the Club are: President, Dan
Daniels; Vice-President, John
Crawford; Treasurer, Dick Men-
dosa and Secretary, Eleanor Clif-
ford.

Some 90 percent of all Federal
employees eligible are covered by
Government group health insur-
ance,

61

NEW APPOINTMENTS AND TRANSFERS * RESIGNATIONS x RETIREMENTS

Foreign Sowitee

NEW APPOINTMENTS AND TRANSFERS

FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS
Bennett, Frank C,, Medan
to Djakarta
Bentley, Norman J,,
Dept.
Bietz, John R,,
Bozzelli, Michele
San Salvador
Brennan, Edward T.,
Bangui

Brooks, Curtis B,, Dept, to Hong
Kong

Cale, Edward G,, Mexico City to
Dept.

Carr, David W,, Amman to Beirut

Christensen, Ward L,, Bonn to
Copenhagen

Christie, Harry F.,
Prince to Mogadiscio

Cleveland, Paul M, Canberra to
Hamburg

Cleveland,
Belgrade

Conlin, Michael M,,
Caracas

Cortada, James N., Dept, to Ye-
men

Crawford, John E,, Lagos to Dept,

Crockett, Jeffery R., Penang to
Djakarta

Dobbs, Theodore B,, Tel Aviv to
Johannesburg

Farrell, James D,, Mogadiscio to
Dept,

Field, Dale W., Jr., Dept. to Mun-
ich

Fuess, John C,, Rome to Dept,

Galbraith, Francis, Londonto Dja-
karta

Gross, Kurt F., Vienna to Dept.

Hartman, Pierre M,, Dept. to
Mexico City

Horan, Hume A,, Baghdad to Bei-
rut

Horgan, Rogers B,, Dept, to Cairo

Johnstone, Jack R., Asuncion to
Dept.

Jones, J, Wesley, Benghazi to Lima

Jones, Owen T,., Belgrade to Buda-
pest

Kitterman,
Cairo

Krieg, Norbert J,, Hong Kong to
Durban

Landfair, William E,, Barbados to
Bonn

Levine, Melvin H,, Paris toSaigon

62

sfc
Nicosia to

Cork to Dept.
C., Dept. to

Tunis to

Porteaue-

Robert G,, Dept. to

Bangkok to

Richard, Karachi to

L'Heureux, David E,, Pretoria to
Benghazi

Lombardi, Raymond B,, Dept. to
Belize

Magill, Robert N,, Paris to Bonn

Mancheski, A, C,, Dept. to Caracas

Margolies, Daniel F,, Leopoldville
to Dept.

Mattox, Henry Ellis, Sao Paulo to
Dept.

McClintock, David W,, Manila to
Beirut

FREE TOWN--Ambassador and Mrs. A. S. J. Carnahan (center and right) recently returned to
Freetown from consultation in the Department and were met by staff members in the Embassy's
new boat. The boat, which takes its christened name, CAMO, from the new administrative or-
ganization at the post, is used for crossing the harbor which separates the airport from the city.

Department of State News Letter

ned to
assy's
ive of-
ye city.

tip

ti

wt

SAN SALVADOR--Senior Messenger Wenceslao Ayala (center), best known in the Embassy here

for 31 years as the ‘‘mail-from-home man,”

is shown on the day of his retirement with Donald

P. Downs (right), Counselor of Embassy, and Karl F. Weygand, Administrative Officer. Ayala’s
broad grin and cheerful service over the years will long be remembered by Embassy staff members.

McCoy, Floyd W,, Seoul to Dept.

McCoy, Kathryn Z,, Taipeito Dept,

McDonald, John W.,, Jr., AID to
Cairo

McKee, Carmen, Prague to Tunis

McKiernan, Thomas D,, Bamakoto
Nicosia

Mein, John Gordon, Manila to Rio
de Janeiro

Mellette, Mary E,, Dept. to Bang-
kok

Miller,
Quito

Mulcahy, Edward W,, Salisbury to
Dept.

Lionel B,, Hamburg to

Nadelman, E, Jan, Frankfurt to
Berlin
Nettles, George C,, Dept. to

Caracas
Noble, Allen G,, Curitiba to Be-
lem

Olds, Herbert V,, Usumbura to
Dept,

Oliverson, Mary W., Manila to
Porteau-Prince

O'Neill, W, Paul, Jr., Nairobi to
Dept,

Piatek, Bernard F,, Tegucigalpa
to New Delhi

Quinn, Harry A,, Brasilia to Dept,

Raynor, Hayden, Vancouver to Syd-
ney

Reed, John. Bangkok to Dept.

Reed, Sumner C., Dept. to Bonn

Richards, Arthur L,, Addis Ababa
to Geneva

Riegert, Thomas J,, Dept. to Lima

Ronhovde, Andreas G,, Dept. to
Oslo

February 1963

Sanderson, Fred H,, Paris to Dept.
Schwartz, Louis, Jr., Bonn to Dja-
karta

Shepherd, Carl G,, Meridato Dept.

Shinn, William T,, Jr., Dept. to
Warsaw

Simms, John W,, Stanleyville to
Dept.

Smith, Rufus Burr, New Delhi to
Dept.

Spinks, Charles N,, Dept. to USIA

Stroup, Windsor W,, Karachi to
Dept.

Thoreson, Thomas A,, Madrid to
Dept.

Torbert, Horace G,, Jr., Budapest
to Mogadiscio

Tracy, Thomas M,, Ciudad Juarez
to Dept.

Troxel, Oliver L., Jr., Dept. to
Accra

Vanderveen, John T., Milan to
Dept.

Vass, Laurence C,, Sydney, to
Nairobi

Warker, Peter F,, Jr., Prague
to Dept.

Zurhellen, Joseph O,, Tokyo to
Kobe-Osaka

FOREIGN SERVICE RESERVE OFFICERS

Allenbach, Richard,
Cruz to Dept.

Apple, Charles E,,
Dept.

Auerswald, Paul E,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Puerto La

Colombo to

Berlack, Evan R., New Appt. to
Dept.

Birkeland, Paul M,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Bonnet, John C,, Dept, to Buenos
Aires

Bullington, James R,, New Appt.
to Dept,

Bush, Louis G,,
Vientiane

Campbell,
Dept.

Cathey,
Dept.

Chambers, Raymond E,, Paris to
Beirut

Chiocca, Ernest J., New Appt, to
Arequipa

Coale, George L., Jr., Taipei to
Dept.

Cushing, Katherine, New Appt. to
Dept.

Devine, Richard C,, New Appt. to
Dept.

Edwards, Gwendolyn,
Aires to Dept,

Fischer, Donovan G,, New Appt.
to Frankfurt

Frauchiger, Fritz, Beirut to Dept.

Fulton, Robert M,, Dept, to Cop-
enhagen

Givens, Meredith B., New Appt. to
Dept.

Hasey, John F., New Appt. to Dept.

Haussamen, Crane, New Appt. to
Paris

Hawley, James M., III, New Appt.
to Dept.

Iszard, David M.,
Monrovia

James, Daniel J.,New Appt. to Dept.

Jung, Lucille M., Conakry to Bue-

nos Aires

New Appt, to
Ann P,, New Appt, to

Kenneth C,, Calcutta to

Buenos

New Appt. to

Kennedy, John P., New Appt. to
Dept.

Lamb, Robert E., New Appt. to
Dept.

Lordigan, Vahn, New Appt. to Dept.

Lundy, Paul V., Jr., Alexandria to
Dept.

Lutz, Rene Andrew, New Appt. to
Zurich

Magee, Robert W., Taipeito Burma

McCormack, Richard, New Appt. to
Dept.

McDonough, David A., New Appt. to
Dept.

Miller, E. Bruce,
Nairobi

Miller, Stephen H., New Appt. to
Dept.

Minott, Joseph A., Paris to Tan-
anarive

Moody, Sigurd V., Dept. to Karachi

Murphy, Nicholas M., New Appt. to
Dept.

Norrell, Catherine, New Appt. to
Dept.

O'Connor, Philip F., New Appt. to
Dept.

Patty, Patsy C., Calcutta to Dept.

Payne, George E., New Appt. to
Karachi

Phipps, Russell G., New Appt. to
Montevideo

New Appt. to

63

Piper, Laurence H., Buenos Aires
to Dept.

Riggio, Louis V., New Appt. to
Dept.

Rubenstein, A. Irwin, New Appt. to
Dept.

Rudisill, Philip M., New Appt. to
Dept.

Schlenker, Thomas A., New Appt.
to Dept.

Smith, R. Grant, New Appt. to

Dept.

Smyth, Calvin M.,
Sao Paulo

Stephan, Ralph W., Jr., Benghazi
to Libya

Swider, Raymond J., Rio de Janeiro
to Dept.

Thompson, Dennis L., New Appt. to
Dept.

Thrall, Homer, Jr., Dept. to Bur-
ma

Twetten, Thomas A., New Appt. to

New Appt. to

Lagos

Van Es, Ernst A., New Appt. to
Dusseldorf

Van Nort, R. Leighton, New Appt.
to Dept.

Villemarette, Raymond, New Appt.
to Dept.

Wagenheim, Stanley, Athens to
Canberra

Whitman, Mary M., New Appt. to
Dept.

Wooster, Julia L., Stockholm to
Dept.

Wyle, Frederick S., New Appt. to
Dept.

as re

FOREIGN SERVICE STAFF

Adams, James, Mexico City to
Tokyo

Allen, Theodore P., New Appt. to
Manila

Anderson, Merrill F., New Appt. to
Dept.

Arminger, Elizabeth, New Appt. to
Conakry

Babcock, Barbara Ann, New Appt.
to Dept.

Bahlmann, Barbara J., New Appt.
to Dept.

Bartling, Mary L., Dept. to Brus-
sels

Belcher, Dora W., New Appt. to
Paris

Bell, Wayne T., New Appt. to
Lagos

Berkus, Elaine, Tokyo to Buenos
Aires

Bernd, John W., New Appt. to
Hamburg

Bevacqua, Carmen F., Dept. to
Tripoli

Beviano, Philip D., New Appt. to
Dept.

Beytien, Janice M., Londonto Ber-
lin

Bonifield, Carolyn, New Appt. to
Brussels

Bowman, Virginia,
Dept.

Boyer, Walter A,, Leopoldville to
Geneva

Boyles, Mary Elizabeth, New Appt.
to London

New Appt, to

pe

COPENHAGEN--Ambassador William McCormick Blair, Jr., presents a gift from the employees of the
Embassy to Thomas C. Smith, Budget and Fiscal Officer, who recently retired from the Foreign Serv-

ice at the age of 70, while Mrs. Smith looks on. Some of Mr. Smith’s more hazardous assignments dur-

ing his career were Petrograd at the outbreak of the Russian Revolution when he was required to
leave Russia vio a perilous journey through Siberia; Tokyo, where he experienced the Great Earth-
quake of September 1923 in which 200,000 people were killed; and Berlin, where he was interned in
1941 for six months, subsequently sent to Vichy and interned for an additional three months, and
then to Baden where he was held in hotel confinement with 134 other Americans for 13 months.

64

Brayton, Donald E,, New Appt, to
Accra

Brunson, Gerald L,, New Appt. to
Manila

Bryant, Alvin L.,
Phnom Penh

Burley, L, Audrey, Dept. to Beng-
hazi

Burnett, Mary Jo, Dept, to Tehran

Byrd, Jo Ann, New Appt, to Dept.

Cantrell, Ruth, Dept. to Ouagadou-
gou

Carlisle, Vervene L., New Appt. to
Lome

Chatham, Allee B,, Leopoldville to
Kuala Lumpur

New Appt. to

Clawson, Jack S., Asuncion to
Bucharest

Cole, Joan P., Paris to Phnom
Penh

Connors, Thomas C,, New Appt, to
Monrovia

Cooper, Ferrell L,, Dept. to Hel-
sinki

Cunniff, Ellen K,, Tel Avivto Hong
Kong

Curley, Mary J., La Paz to Saigon
Dadam, Mary, Brussels to Tokyo

Daniel, Diane, London to Guate-
mala

Davoren, Thomas J., Dept. to Salis-
bury

Dawson, Theodore A., Dept. to
Tehran

Delgiudice, Paul G., Cairo to Bei-
rut

Denson, Elaine, Pretoria to Tokyo

Dial, Gladys I,, Stuttgart to Bra-
silia

Dickerson, George E,, New Appt.
to Pretoria

Douglass, Stanley C., Manila to
Panama

Dufresne, Kenneth R,, New Appt, to
Panama

Eardley, Dorothy A,,
Libreville

Elam, Richard, New Appt, to Santo
Domingo

Engers, Tom, New Appt. to Accra

Estock, Agnes U,, Tehran to Paris

Paris to

Feathers, John E,, Panama to
Rome

Flynn, Janice Clair, Phnom Penh to
Manila

Franke, Herman H,, New Appt, to
Dept.

French, Linda J,, La Paz to Brus-
sels

Fuerlinger, John A,, Bonn to War-
saw

Galvin, Michael F,, Bremen to
Dept.

Gambill, Marcella A,, New Appt, to
Reykjavik

Garske, Shirley A,, Burmato Rabat

Gerdes, Peggy L., Kampala to
Accra

Goelz, Marjorie E,, New Appt, to
Rio de Janeiro

Green, Katherine L,, New Appt, to
Lahore

Greenaway, Stephen, New Appt. to
Bonn

Greer, Virginia R,, Dept. to Lagos

Department of State News Letter

p
'
i

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nto
cra

ris
. to

‘us-
Jare-
n to
ot, to

‘abat
a to

pt, to

bt, to

AIR GTS DARIN LOI TNE ST IN *

a SARI IEI LS LOTS OE LI I TT ST NS

PEPER LONE IN SEV REE TE OR OOS

ean re

SUPERIOR SERVICE--Assistant Secretary G. Mennen Williams recently presented Outstanding
Performance Ratings to 5 members of the Bureau of African Affairs. Shown, left to right: Gene-
vieve S.Bell;Patsy R.Cook;Margaret M.Feid;Governor Williams;Julie M.Lawler;Carol M.Sheehan.

Grob, Louis W., New Appt. to
Beirut
Haag, Robert E,, Mogadiscio to

Belgrade
Hansen, June E,,
Dept,
Harrington, Noel A,, New Appt, to
Dept.
Harrod,
Zurich
Hart, Rosemarie B,, New Appt, to
Dept,

New Appt. to

Iris M,, Leopoldville to

Herrera, Gilbert, Khartoum to
Paris

Herring, Hugh D,, New Appt. to
Dept.

Hill, Francis A,, New Appt. to
Manila

Holman, Helen B,, Brussels to
Dept.

Hurst, Donald H,, Addis Ababa

to London

Jenkins, Naomi J,, New Appt. to
Bombay

eee ~s oo
A 5 ‘

i}

fF

KAMPALA, Uganda--Ambassodor Olcott H. Deming (center) turns over the keys of « mobile film
van to Thomas Makumbi, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Information, Broadcasting and
Tourism, while Newman Jeffrey, Director of the U.S. AID Mission to Uganda, and E. Lee Fairley,
Public Affairs Officer, look on. The mobile unit is one of four vehicles recently presented to Uganda.

February 1963

Joyce, Frankie D,, New Appt, to
Panama

Kegley, Robert A,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Kelly, Edward W., New Appt, to
Lagos
Kettenhofen,

New Delhi
Kincaid, Mary E.,, New Appt. to
Damascus
King, Mildred C.,, Vienna to Lon-
don

George, La Paz to

Kleiber, Jerome, New Appt. to
Manila

Kolker, Patricia Ann, New Appt,
to Dept.

Lapka, Anthony, Rome to Paris

Lasecki, Cecilia A,, Ottawa to
Curacao

Lawyer, Roy R,, Jr., Yaounde to
Dept.

Lee, Lawrence M,, Cairo to Ni-

cosia

Lempart, Helen J,, New Appt. to
Rome

Linville, Maria D., New Appt. to
Nairobi

Mann, Dolores J., Tokyo to Ber-
lin

Mario, Esther L,, Dept. to Berlin

Maynard, Sophie, Madrid to Tunis

McCahill, Colleen T., Manila to
Rabat

McCasland, Ernestine, Katmandu
to Zanzibar

McCloud, Fielden
Panama

McElroy, Patricia E,, New Appt.
to Rome

McGrath, Catherine,

W., Paris to

Santiago to

Tel Aviv

Meehan, Catherine M,, Beirut to
Manila

Menard, Loyce M,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Mertz, Helen A,, The Hague to
Seoul

Mickey, Dora B., Conakry to Cara-
cas

Miller, Barbara, New Appt, to
Dept.

Miller, Richard G,, New Appt, to
Katmandu

Miyamoto, Ethel N,, New Appt.
to Okinawa

Moore, Judith A,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Moran, Alfred C,., New Appt, to
Accra

Morimoto, Sueo, Dept, to Mon-
terrey

Mosley, Willa D., New Appt, to
Dept.

Mougin, Virginia D,, Moscow to
Pretoria

Mullins, Burton S, J., New Appt.
to Bonn

Murphy, Mary E,, Dept. to Mexico
Nation, Georgia M,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Nava, Irene, New Appt. to La Paz
Navratil, William R,, Frankfurt to
Brazzaville
Newkirk, Frank,

Monrovia

New Appt. to

65

Nickerson, S, L., Dept. to Buenos
Aires

Olpter, Rose, New Appt. to Dept.

Padden, John P,, New Appt. to
Managua

Paine, Dorothy D., New Appt. to
Dept.

Palmer, Molly, New Appt. to Dept.

Palmer, Sylvia A,., Mexico City
to Barcelona

Paramore, Cynthia R,, New Appt.
to Nicosia

Pelletreau, Nancy L,, New Appt.to
Dept.

Pendleton, Hollis K,, Dept. to Sai-
gon

Pettit,

Petty,
Dept.

Phillips, C, Phyllis, Dept, to Rome

Plummer, Charles B., New Appt.
to Nicosia

Provencher,
to Lagos

Rathman, George J,, Cairoto Dept,

Renda, Daniel V,, Fukuoka to Bang-
kok

Revels, Rose L, M., New Appt, to
Kampala

Reynolds, R. Lee,
Nouakchott

Ribelin, Charles B,, Khorram-
shahr to Bangui

Robinson, Hinston
Frankfurt

Rock, Catherine A,,
Vienna

Rodrigues, Lydia D,, Oporto to Ot-
tawa

Rogers, Mary E.,New Appt. to Dept.
Dept.
Bonn

Scarano, Josephine, New Appt. to
Dept.

Schafer, Marvel V,, Bucharest to
Conakry

Schmidt, Kae T,, Phnom Penh to
Bonn

Sheridan,
to Dept.

Sias, Cynthia E,,
Manila

Skeryo, Margaret, Dept. to Bonn

Smalancke, Ruth M,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Smith, Earl B., Jr., New Appt. to
Nicosia

Smith, Edward M,, New Appt, to
Dept.
Smith, George R., Jr., New Appt.
to Dept.
Smith, Irvin
Bamako
Smith, Karl R,, Vientiane to Tel
Aviv

Smith, Sharyl, New Appt, to Tehran

Smolik, Susan A,, New Appt. to
Dept.

Smovir, Evelyn M,, New Appt. to
Dept,

Spicer, Nancye A,, Dept. to Tokyo

Spicka, Lorelei P,, New Appt, to
Dept.

Stanford, Marta V., New Appt. to
Dept.

66

to Ankara
Appt. to

Loretta,
Alton

Dept.
A., New

Josette, New Appt.

New Appt. to
M,, Dept. to

Karachi to

Betty Ann, New Appt,

New Appt. to

L., New Appt. to

RETIREE--Lloyd L. Gibson, supervisor of the Warehouse, retired recently after over 45 years of

commendable service and was honored at a rec
son was presented with a certificate of commen

tion given by friends and associates. Mr. Gib-

ion signed by Secretary Rusk and a gift from

his co-workers. Shown, left to right, are Charles A. Shinkwin, Chief, General Services Division;
Mrs. Gibson; Mr. Gibson, and Howard J. Trees, Executive Assistant, Office of Operations.

Steiner, Della W., New Appt, to
Paris

Struzinski, Bernard, Paris to Ma-
nila

Swigart, Frances M,,
to Tokyo

Thompson,
Singapore

Thornton, Joan M,, Kabul to Ka-
rachi

Tilley, Margaret P,, Montevideo
to Pretoria

Tindall, William E,, Helsinki to
Moscow

Totten, Charles D, J,, New Appt.
to Manila

Town, Marcia O,, Caracas to Bo-
gota

Ulibarri,
Dept.

Vallas, Alex J,., Baghdad to Ka-
rachi

Vallefuoco,
Beirut

Varela,
Dept.

Waterhouse,
to Bogota

Watters, Robert
Bilbao

Wessellhoff, B, A,, New Appt. to
Saigon

Weyrens, Corinne M,, New Appt.
to Bonn

Whalen,
Paz

White, Gail R,, New Appt. to Li-
ma

Wilcox, Helen C., Madrid to Bue-
nos Aires

Williams, Florilyn, Amman to La
Paz

Williamson,
Dept.

Sao Paulo

Blanche E,, Dept. to

Ramon, New Appt. to

Ben, New Delhi to

Carmen, New Appt, to

Tom W,, Guayaquil

E., Meshed to

Rita, New Appt. to La

Florence, Jidda to

Wills, Judith N,, Brasilia to Hel-
sinki

Wills, Warren E,, Tokyo to Fue
kuoka

Wilsey, Donald W., New Appt. to
Buenos Aires

Windham, Lucy F,., Sao Paulo to
Belgrade

Wishovich, Rose M,, Fort Lamy
to Kabul

Wrabec, Carol L., New Appt, to
Dept.

Wujick,
Manila

Young, Etta J., New Appt. to Dept,

Zaelit, Lucille, San Salvador to
New Delhi

Zering, Marilyn, Nogales to Gene-
va

John T., New Appt, to

RESIGNATIONS
FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS

Ernest A. Duff, Charles E, Ex-
um III, Howard C. Loper, Marion
L. Mains, Alexander Matturi, Ed-
ward G. Ruoff, Henry J. Silver-
man, Gerry E, Studds, Mary Lou
Swenson.

FOREIGN SERVICE RESERVE OFFICERS

John Eddy Baker, David I, Be-
lisle, Ernest C, Betts, Jr., Hall-
ward Danielsen, Lawrence A, Fox,
Charles F, Hudson, Milton J, Lind-
ner, James P, Mullen, Morris R,
Nelson, Jr., Michael C, Pearson,
Peter J, Romano, Harold M, Tem-
pleman.

Department of State News Letter

Ex-
rion
Ed-
ver-
Lou

-ERS

, Bee
Hall-
Fox;
Lind-
is R,
rson,
Tem-

FOREIGN SERVICE STAFF

Sharon F . Affleck, Cecilia A. Ar-
nold, Gloria J. Brumbley, Norma
E. Bynoe, Vincent Cella, Frankie
Chiles, Janet L, Cooper, Marie C,
Dehner, Sondra P, Dodson, Ed-
ward J, Flanagan, Karl J, Fleck,
Eugene R, Gilchrist, Marianne C,
Glenn, Joan E, Gonzalez, Mar-
garet I, Hawk, Theresa M, How-
ard, Earl C, Kelshaw, Gladys Joy
Lacy, Daniel J. Letizia, Muriel
E. Lewis, Jimmy T. McNabb, Bet-
tie A, Meador, Thomas Mullen-
dore, Mary M, Murphy, Eleanore
M, Nash, Ruth Newman, Donald
R, Patla, Opal J, Payne, Betty
H, Prill, Georgia O, Putnam,
James W, Roberts, Joan Rudel,
Herman F, Schaefer, Jean D, Scott,
Homer D, Simons, Jr., Kenneth D,
Tuttle, Lila H,. Warren, Gail P,
Webb, Charles E, Wilson, Morris
A, Zwang.

RETIREMENTS

FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS

Vaughn R, Delong, Walter N. PORT-OF-SPAIN--Ambassador Robert G. Miner presents Safe Driving Awards to Carlos Hall and
Walmsley. Joseph Powell, Embassy chauffeurs, who have completed 11 and 10 years of safe driving respectively.

FOREIGN SERVICE RESERVE OFFICERS

Intelligence Research Specialist RESIGNATIONS

McLaughlin, Willard M., to OPR,

William C, Buell, Adam A, Sut- Management Analyst
cliffe. Miller, Ruth S., to PER, Analyst Dobrich, Joseph J,, A/OPR
Officer Gordon, Leonard, P
Paris, Demetri, to OPR,Procure- O'Connell, Virginia L,, ACDA
Civ Seowice ment Officer

Rostow, Denkwart A., to INR/EX

(GS-11 and above) Intelligence Research Specialist RETIREMENTS

Shekels, Howard D., to ACDA Con-
sultant (WAE)

PROMOTIONS Curry, Viola A,, VO

TRANSFERS Mitchell, M, Helene, A/PER
Moore, Paul, A/ BF
Mulligan, Donald F,, A/OPR to Neiburg, Burdette E,, A/OPR
Winter, Harvey J., E AID Savage, Carlton, S

Tomkin, Minna Y,, FSI to AID Smith, Vivian M,, SCS

GS-14 to GS-15

GS-11 to GS-12

Ehly, William H,, Jr, A/OPR
Hershon, R, Maxine, A/OPR
O'Dowd, John J,, PPT

Volk, Naomi M,, AF

Foreign Service Linguists

NEW APPOINTMENTS The following Foreign Service FRENCH—Robert J. Allen, Jr.,

officers, whohave beentestedmost FSO-4, S-4, R-4#; Ann P.,
Berg, Elliot J., to INR/EX, Intel- recently for language proficiency Campbell, FSQ-7, S-4, R-5.

ligence Research Specialist by the Department's Testing Unit, GREEK~Monteagle Sterns,
Calhoun, Alexander D.,toINR/EX, have achieved the fluent or bilin-

Intelligence Research Specialist gual level in one or more foreign ae ea entiamanie W. Dean
Chappelear, John A., toSY,Super- languages. FSO-3. S-5. R-5 , P
visory General Investigator According to the definitions of DUSELAM Sestie. W Ramen
Faber, Hans Robert,toCU,Educa- language proficiency, the rating of $uon7, 644, Baad : ’
tion & Cultural Exchange Officer ''4" indicates the specialist level; : : :

George, Catherine F., to OPR, the "5" rating indicates educated SPANISH--Robert J. Allen, Jr.,
Editor bilingual competency. The '"'S' FSO-4, S-4, Re-4; Edward F.
Henry, Robert T., to FSI, Training stands forthe spokenlanguage pro- O'Brien, Jr., FSS-9, S-4, R-4;

Instructor ficiency; the 'R" for reading pro- Howard W. Potter, FSO-5, S-4,
Hoover, Lawrence H., Jr., to L, ficiency. R-4.

February 1963 67

FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT
REGULATIONS REVISED

Regulations dealing with the For-
eign Service retirement system
have been revised.

The principal changes now in-
corporated in Sections 671 through
673 of the Foreign Affairs Manual
(Volume 3-Personnel) are:

(1) Inclusion in the retirement
system of staff employees who
have completed 10 years of con-

tinuous service in the Foreign
Service;
(2) Provision for female par-

ticipants to provide annuities for
surviving husbands under the same
conditions as male participants
provide for surviving wives;

(3) Extension of annuity benefits
to children and dependent widowers
of participants who die in service,
and to children of annuitants;

(4) Increase in rate of contri-
butions from 5 to 6-1/2 percent
necessitated by increased bene-
fits;

(5) Change in the method of
computing annuities of participants
who elect a reduced annuity for
themselves; and elimination of the
provision that a participant could
elect to have his reduced annuity
further reduced and thereby, in
the event his wife predeceased
him, have his full annuity restored;

(6) Provision that participants
who separate from the Service
voluntarily after 5 years of serv-
ice may elect to leave their con-
tributions in the Fund and receive
a deferred annuity commencing at
age 60;

(7) Permission for recalled, re-

ORDER FORM

Washington 25, D.C.

address.)

Enclosed find $......................

instated, or reappointed officers
to have their annuities computed
anew upon subsequent retirement,
with privilege of a new election
with respect to survivor benefits;

(8) Permission for annuitants
retired for age to be reemployed
in the Government and for any re-
employed annuitants to receive the
full salary of the position to which
appointed plus such portion of their
annuity as will make their total
pay during any calendar year equal
their salary at time of retirement
from the Foreign Service.

The Regulations and Procedures
staff reported that a revision of
Section 671.3, dealing with dis-
ability retirement, will be issued
separately.

1001 Club

BUREAU OF FAR EASTERN AFFAIRS

Maurice E, Trout, Amos Yoder,

OF FICE OF THE LEGAL ADVISER

Charles I. Bevans, Jac H. Bush-
ong, Warde M. Cameron, John J.
Czyzak, Ben H. Davis, Lillie B.
Dowrick, Frances J. Espe, Warren
E. Hewitt, James J. Hines, Walter
E. Hollis, Rachel L. Hurley, Ber-
nice V. Maktos, Ely Maurer, Elea-
nor H. McDowell, Leonard C.

Meeker, Sylvia E. Nilsen, Margaret

To: Superintendent of Documents,
Government Printing Office,

(check or money order). Please enter my subscription to the
DEPARTMENT OF STATE NEWS LETTER. ($4.50 a year; $1.00 additional if mailed to a foreign

M. Rowe, Ellen June Shaw, George
W. Spangler, Fred T. Teal, Donald
A. Wehmeyer, Marjorie M. White-
man, William V. Whittington, Ray-
mund T. Yingling, Helen J. Zilch.

FOREIGN SERVICE INSTITUTE

Chester E, Beaman, Jules Ber-
nard, Roland K. Beyer, Beatrice
T. Carland, Harvey J. Cash, W.
W. Chapman, Jr., Robert G. Cleve-
land, Andrew V. Corry, Walter
F. Cronin, Virgil M. Elliott, James
R, Frith, Grant G. Hilliker, Carle-
ton T. Hodge, John B. Holt, Nancy
R, Hudson, Marie A. Johnson, Ken-
neth P, Landon, Alan M. G. Little,
Anita D. McGillian, Lee E. Met-
calf, Gordon H. Mattison, John H.
Moore, George A. Morgan, Mar-
jorie J. Purchase, Howard E. Sol-
lenberger, John M. Thomas, John
L. Topping, Edwin M. Wright.

AMERICAN CONSULATE CIUDAD JUAREZ

William P. Hughes, Ofelia C.
Moreno, Joseph Radford, Jr.,
Harriet C. Thurgood, Frances I,
Valencia.

AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL CURACAO

Joao de Andrade, Prince A,
Griffith, John M. Kirton.

AMERICAN EMBASSY HELSINKI

Roberta A, Anderson, Elis Berg-
man, Elva J. Deal, Lester E, Ed-
mond, Toivo Eriksson, Henry Han-
son, Pauline C. Hilbun, George M.
Ingram, Petter Laaksonen, Georgi-
ana M, Prince, John P, Reddington,
Naimi Rehnstrom, Eric Sundman.

AMERICAN EMBASSY PHNOM PENH

Beulah Buck, Elizabeth Carver,
Max W. Kraus, Lura Beth Withers.

Department of State News Letter

Foreign Service Reserve Promotions

Foreign Service Reserve officer promotions effective March 3 follow:

FSR-2 TO FSR-1

Betts, Ernest C., Jr.
Campbell, Laughlin
Laslie, Carney G., Jr.
Snell, Harold D.

Woodward, Lewis K., Jr.

Zempel, Arnold L.

FSR-3 TO FSR-2

Andersen, Robert E.
Doyle, William H.
Gresham, Vernet L.
Heimann, Peter K.
Jantzen, Robert J.
Jorgensen, Gordon L.
Wendel, Clarence A.

FSR-4 TO FSR-3

Caswell, John F.
Cavadine, John O.
Coleman, Francis G.
Fallon, Gerald J.
Fendig, Philip F.
Fiedler, Harold I.
Fielden, Grant A.
Flott, Frederick W.
Goinga, Cornelius J.
Heller, Philip A.
Keys, Joel E.,
Littlewood, William H.
O'Neill, John J., Jr.
Pekmezian, Naomi
Riordan, John B.
Shaffer, John G., Jr.
Sperling, Jerome
Springer, Paul L.

Squier, Theodore L., Jr.

Terrell, Edwin M.
Vallely, Vincent P.
Waller, John H.

FSR-5 TO FSR-4

Abidian, John V.
Bagley, Tennent H.
Barrett, Thomas J., Jr.
Bergin, Martin J., Jr.
Bounds, Charles M.
Brady, Thomas A.
Campbell, Walter L.
Collins, Ross L.
Dawson, William, Jr.
Dunn, Paxton T.
Edwards, Clarence W.
Flitcroft, Daren J.
Gilstrap, Comer W., Jr.

Gould, Jeffrey
Heichler, Lucian
Hennig, Albert W.
Hyland, Frances D.
Kierman, Frank A., Jr.
Kirley, Louis L.
Maish, James, Jr.
McClellan, Blanche A.
Mitchell, Richard P.
O'Grady, John M.
Ortman, Robert A.
Palmer, Roy V.
Phillips, Laughlin
Rauscher, Dorothy Justine
Roberts, Walter J.
Sandman, Leonard
Scott, Harry V.
Sednaoui, Michael C.
Sherry, John

Silsby, Oliver M.
Sternfield, Lawrence M.
Stone, Howard E.
Thuermer, Angus M.
Ward, James R.
Warren, Raymond A.

FSR-6 TO FSR-5

Almy, Dean J., Jr.
Bartholomay, Thomas M,
Bilbo, John E,
Bushnell, Robert J.
Cowan, William G.
Dennis, Earl M., Jr.
Desmond, Timothy J.
Doyle, David W.
Estancona, Frank R.
Hanke, Jonathan G.
Harter, Joseph M.
Holloway, Walter S., Jr.
Holober, Irving F.
Holt, Mildred O.
Isaminger, John W.
Iselin, C. Oliver, III
Ives, George A., Jr.
Jackson, Desmond L.
Jeffers, Eugene L.
Jespersen, George G.
Johnson, Woodson K.
Katrosh, Ralph J.
Kinal, Joseph

Kline, Albert H., Jr.
Kobrin, Theodore
Latta, Merron L., Jr.
Lilley, James R.
Link, Earl H.

Lupton, Robert H.
Markham, John F.
Mathers, William C.
McGrail, John D.

Milbank, David L.
Morgan, John S.
Morris, Eva May
Murnane, John F.
Oliver, Winston C.
Parker, Chauncey G., III
Patty, Patsy C.

Peake, Merwin W.
Petersen, Harry G.
Ropa, Donald W.
Rosso, Louis F.
Schram, Robert M.
Sexson, Kenneth D.
Sherry, Francis S., III
Shuttack, Stephen J., Jr.
Skow, Charles T., Jr.
Smith, Haviland, Jr.
Smock, David L.
Sucher, Jon D.
Thomas, Wade E.
Trone, Eugene W.
Vought, John R.
Wagenheim, Stanley L.
Wagner, Otto H.
Weber, Harry F.
Welch, Richard S.
Young, Harold M.

FSR-7 TO FSR-6

Anderson, Ethel M.
Barbieri, Anthony G.
Behrens, Charles E,
Brown, Edward R.
Cathey, Kenneth C.
Clarridge, Duane R.
Cogan, Charles G.
Coudert, Charles O.
Fambrini, Robert L.
Fees, James R.
Freeman, Herbert
Greiner, Jerome W.
Hennessy, John W.
Hoffmaster, Robert J.
Johnson, Mary M.
Jung, Lucile M.
Jung, Richard L. K.
Laser, Lawrence C.
Lundy, Paul V., Jr.
Moser, Martin W.
Reinstatler, Joseph A.
Sampson, Mary E.
Sileo, Anthony L.
Skidmore, Robert L.
Tolf, Robert W.
VandenBos, Dean S.
Wiley, Arthur G., Jr.
Wilson, Robert J.
Wilt, Edward J., Il

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